来自Android开发者文档:

public void composeEmail(String[] addresses, String subject) {
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
    intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:")); // only email apps should handle this
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, addresses);
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
    if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

也许你应该试试这个:intent.setType("plain/text");

我在这里找到的。我在我的应用程序中使用过它，它只显示电子邮件和Gmail选项。

ACTION_VIEW也有一个简单的解决方案:

  Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        Uri data = Uri.parse("mailto:customer@something.com?subject=Feedback");
        intent.setData(data);
        startActivity(intent);

只发送到电子邮件客户端-与多个附件

有很多解决方案，但都是局部有效的。

Mailto可以正确地过滤电子邮件应用程序，但它不能不发送流/文件。

Message /rfc822打开了大量的应用程序和电子邮件客户端

所以，这个问题的解决方法是两者都用。

首先使用mailto意图解析意图活动 然后将数据设置为每个已解析的活动以发送所需的数据

private void share()
{
     Intent queryIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, Uri.parse("mailto:"));
     Intent dataIntent  = getDataIntent();

     Intent targetIntent = getSelectiveIntentChooser(context, queryIntent, dataIntent);
     startActivityForResult(targetIntent);
}

构建所需的数据意图，其中填充需要共享的数据

private Intent getDataIntent()
{
        Intent dataIntent = buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_SEND, null, "message/rfc822", null);

        // Set subject
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, title);

        //Set receipient list.
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, toRecipients);
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccRecipients);
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_BCC, bccRecipients);
        if (hasAttachments())
        {
            ArrayList<Uri> uris = getAttachmentUriList();

            if (uris.size() > 1)
            {
                intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);
                dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris);
            }
            else
            {
                dataIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris.get(0));
            }
        }

        return dataIntent;
}

protected ArrayList<Uri> getAttachmentUriList()
{
        ArrayList<Uri> uris = new ArrayList();
        for (AttachmentInfo eachAttachment : attachments)
        {
            uris.add(eachAttachment.uri);
        }

        return uris;
}

用于根据查询意图过滤所需意图的实用程序类

// Placed in IntentUtil.java
public static Intent getSelectiveIntentChooser(Context context, Intent queryIntent, Intent dataIntent)
{
        List<ResolveInfo> appList = context.getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(queryIntent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);

        Intent finalIntent = null;

        if (!appList.isEmpty())
        {
            List<android.content.Intent> targetedIntents = new ArrayList<android.content.Intent>();

            for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo : appList)
            {
                String packageName = resolveInfo.activityInfo != null ? resolveInfo.activityInfo.packageName : null;

                Intent allowedIntent = new Intent(dataIntent);
                allowedIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName(packageName, resolveInfo.activityInfo.name));
                allowedIntent.setPackage(packageName);

                targetedIntents.add(allowedIntent);
            }

            if (!targetedIntents.isEmpty())
            {
                //Share Intent
                Intent startIntent = targetedIntents.remove(0);

                Intent chooserIntent = android.content.Intent.createChooser(startIntent, "");
                chooserIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, targetedIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
                chooserIntent.addFlags(android.content.Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);

                finalIntent = chooserIntent;
            }

        }

        if (finalIntent == null) //As a fallback, we are using the sent data intent
        {
            finalIntent = dataIntent;
        }

        return finalIntent;
}

适用于所有android版本:

String[] to = {"email@server.com"};
Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:email@server.com")
  .buildUpon()
  .appendQueryParameter("subject", "subject")
  .appendQueryParameter("body", "body")
  .build();
Intent emailIntent = new Intent(ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
emailIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_EMAIL, TO);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, "Send mail..."));

更新到Android 10，现在使用Kotlin…

fun Context.sendEmail(
  address: String?,
  subject: String?,
  body: String?,
) {
  val recipients = arrayOf(address)
  val uri = address.toUri()
    .buildUpon()
    .appendQueryParameter("subject", subject)
    .appendQueryParameter("body", body)
    .build()
  val emailIntent = Intent(ACTION_SENDTO, uri).apply {
    setData("mailto:$address".toUri());
    putExtra(EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
    putExtra(EXTRA_TEXT, body);
    putExtra(EXTRA_EMAIL, recipients)
  }
  val pickerTitle = getString(R.string.some_title)
  ContextCompat.startActivity(this, Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, pickerTitle, null)
}

.．.在更新到API 30之后，代码没有填充电子邮件客户端的主题和主体(例如Gmail)。但我在这里找到了答案:

fun Context.sendEmail(
  address: String?,
  subject: String?,
  body: String?,
) {
  val selectorIntent = Intent(ACTION_SENDTO)
    .setData("mailto:$address".toUri())
  val emailIntent = Intent(ACTION_SEND).apply {
    putExtra(EXTRA_EMAIL, arrayOf(address))
    putExtra(EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject)
    putExtra(EXTRA_TEXT, body)
    selector = selectorIntent
  }
  startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, getString(R.string.send_email))) 

}

这对我来说非常有效:

    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:" + address));
    startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "E-mail"));