短甜(更新2021年)
要转义RegExp本身:
function escapeRegExp(string) {
return string.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&'); // $& means the whole matched string
}
转义替换字符串:
function escapeReplacement(string) {
return string.replace(/\$/g, '$$$$');
}
例子
所有转义的RegExp字符:
escapeRegExp("All of these should be escaped: \ ^ $ * + ? . ( ) | { } [ ]");
>>> "All of these should be escaped: \\ \^ \$ \* \+ \? \. \( \) \| \{ \} \[ \] "
查找并替换字符串:
var haystack = "I love $x!";
var needle = "$x";
var safeNeedle = escapeRegExp(needle); // "\\$x"
var replacement = "$100 bills"
var safeReplacement = escapeReplacement(replacement); // "$$100 bills"
haystack.replace(
new RegExp(safeNeedle, 'g'),
escapeReplacement(safeReplacement),
);
// "I love $100 bills!"
(注:以上不是原答案;它被编辑成来自MDN的视频。这意味着它不匹配你将在下面的npm代码中找到的内容,也不匹配下面的长答案中显示的内容。这些评论现在也令人困惑。我的建议是:使用上面的方法,或者从MDN上获取,忽略这个答案的其余部分。达伦,2019年11月)
安装
在npm中可用escape-string-regexp
npm install --save escape-string-regexp
Note
参见MDN: Javascript指南:正则表达式
其他符号(~`!@ #……)可以不受后果地逃脱,但不是必须如此。
.
.
.
.
测试用例:一个典型的url
escapeRegExp("/path/to/resource.html?search=query");
>>> "\/path\/to\/resource\.html\?search=query"
长回答
如果你打算使用上面的函数,至少在你的代码文档中链接到这个堆栈溢出的帖子,这样它看起来就不会像一个难以测试的疯狂巫术。
var escapeRegExp;
(function () {
// Referring to the table here:
// https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/regexp
// these characters should be escaped
// \ ^ $ * + ? . ( ) | { } [ ]
// These characters only have special meaning inside of brackets
// they do not need to be escaped, but they MAY be escaped
// without any adverse effects (to the best of my knowledge and casual testing)
// : ! , =
// my test "~!@#$%^&*(){}[]`/=?+\|-_;:'\",<.>".match(/[\#]/g)
var specials = [
// order matters for these
"-"
, "["
, "]"
// order doesn't matter for any of these
, "/"
, "{"
, "}"
, "("
, ")"
, "*"
, "+"
, "?"
, "."
, "\\"
, "^"
, "$"
, "|"
]
// I choose to escape every character with '\'
// even though only some strictly require it when inside of []
, regex = RegExp('[' + specials.join('\\') + ']', 'g')
;
escapeRegExp = function (str) {
return str.replace(regex, "\\$&");
};
// test escapeRegExp("/path/to/res?search=this.that")
}());