一个很好的解决方案，无论你是否有两个或更多的映射合并是将它们作为一个数组，并使用以下:

Array.prototype.merge = function () {
  return this.reduce((p, c) => Object.assign(c, p), {});
};

你可以使用spread语法将它们合并在一起:

const map1 = {a: 1, b: 2}
const map2 = {b: 1, c: 2, a: 5}

const mergedMap = {...a, ...b}

=> {a: 5, b: 1, c: 2}

要合并数组集合中的集合，您可以执行

var Sets = [set1, set2, set3];

var merged = new Set([].concat(...Sets.map(set => Array.from(set))));

对我来说有点神秘的是，为什么下面这些应该是等价的，但至少在巴别塔失败了:

var merged = new Set([].concat(...Sets.map(Array.from)));

不，它们没有内置操作，但你可以很容易地创建自己的操作:

Map.prototype.assign = function(...maps) {
    for (const m of maps)
        for (const kv of m)
            this.add(...kv);
    return this;
};

Set.prototype.concat = function(...sets) {
    const c = this.constructor;
    let res = new (c[Symbol.species] || c)();
    for (const set of [this, ...sets])
        for (const v of set)
            res.add(v);
    return res;
};

一个很好的解决方案，无论你是否有两个或更多的映射合并是将它们作为一个数组，并使用以下:

Array.prototype.merge = function () {
  return this.reduce((p, c) => Object.assign(c, p), {});
};

出于我不理解的原因，您不能直接使用内置方法将一个Set的内容添加到另一个Set。像联合、交叉、合并等操作…是非常基本的集合操作，但不是内置的。幸运的是，您可以相当容易地自己构建这些。

[2021年新增]-现在有一个提议为这些类型的操作添加新的Set/Map方法，但实施的时间还不清楚。他们似乎处于规范过程的第二阶段。

要实现合并操作(将一个Set的内容合并到另一个Set中，或将一个Map的内容合并到另一个Map中)，你可以使用单个.forEach()行来完成:

var s = new Set([1,2,3]);
var t = new Set([4,5,6]);

t.forEach(s.add, s);
console.log(s);   // 1,2,3,4,5,6

对于Map，你可以这样做:

var s = new Map([["key1", 1], ["key2", 2]]);
var t = new Map([["key3", 3], ["key4", 4]]);

t.forEach(function(value, key) {
    s.set(key, value);
});

或者，在ES6语法中:

t.forEach((value, key) => s.set(key, value));

[2021年新增]

由于现在有一个新的Set方法的官方提议，你可以使用这个polyfill提议的.union()方法，它将在ES6+版本的ECMAScript中工作。注意，根据规范，这将返回一个新Set，它是另外两个Set的并集。它不会将一个集合的内容合并到另一个集合中，这实现了建议中指定的类型检查。

if (!Set.prototype.union) {
    Set.prototype.union = function(iterable) {
        if (typeof this !== "object") {
            throw new TypeError("Must be of object type");
        }
        const Species = this.constructor[Symbol.species];
        const newSet = new Species(this);
        if (typeof newSet.add !== "function") {
            throw new TypeError("add method on new set species is not callable");
        }
        for (item of iterable) {
            newSet.add(item);
        }
        return newSet;
    }
}

或者，这里有一个更完整的版本，它对ECMAScript过程进行了建模，以更完整地获得物种构造函数，并且已经适应于在甚至可能没有Symbol或有Symbol的旧版本Javascript上运行。种类:

if (!Set.prototype.union) {
    Set.prototype.union = function(iterable) {
        if (typeof this !== "object") {
            throw new TypeError("Must be of object type");
        }
        const Species = getSpeciesConstructor(this, Set);
        const newSet = new Species(this);
        if (typeof newSet.add !== "function") {
            throw new TypeError("add method on new set species is not callable");
        }
        for (item of iterable) {
            newSet.add(item);
        }
        return newSet;
    }
}

function isConstructor(C) {
    return typeof C === "function" && typeof C.prototype === "object";
}

function getSpeciesConstructor(obj, defaultConstructor) {
    const C = obj.constructor;
    if (!C) return defaultConstructor;
    if (typeof C !== "function") {
        throw new TypeError("constructor is not a function");
    }

    // use try/catch here to handle backward compatibility when Symbol does not exist
    let S;
    try {
        S = C[Symbol.species];
        if (!S) {
            // no S, so use C
            S = C;
        }
    } catch (e) {
        // No Symbol so use C
        S = C;
    }
    if (!isConstructor(S)) {
        throw new TypeError("constructor function is not a constructor");
    }
    return S;
}

供参考，如果你想要一个内置Set对象的简单子类，它包含一个.merge()方法，你可以使用这个:

// subclass of Set that adds new methods
// Except where otherwise noted, arguments to methods
//   can be a Set, anything derived from it or an Array
// Any method that returns a new Set returns whatever class the this object is
//   allowing SetEx to be subclassed and these methods will return that subclass
//   For this to work properly, subclasses must not change behavior of SetEx methods
//
// Note that if the contructor for SetEx is passed one or more iterables, 
// it will iterate them and add the individual elements of those iterables to the Set
// If you want a Set itself added to the Set, then use the .add() method
// which remains unchanged from the original Set object.  This way you have
// a choice about how you want to add things and can do it either way.

class SetEx extends Set {
    // create a new SetEx populated with the contents of one or more iterables
    constructor(...iterables) {
        super();
        this.merge(...iterables);
    }
    
    // merge the items from one or more iterables into this set
    merge(...iterables) {
        for (let iterable of iterables) {
            for (let item of iterable) {
                this.add(item);
            }
        }
        return this;        
    }
    
    // return new SetEx object that is union of all sets passed in with the current set
    union(...sets) {
        let newSet = new this.constructor(...sets);
        newSet.merge(this);
        return newSet;
    }
    
    // return a new SetEx that contains the items that are in both sets
    intersect(target) {
        let newSet = new this.constructor();
        for (let item of this) {
            if (target.has(item)) {
                newSet.add(item);
            }
        }
        return newSet;        
    }
    
    // return a new SetEx that contains the items that are in this set, but not in target
    // target must be a Set (or something that supports .has(item) such as a Map)
    diff(target) {
        let newSet = new this.constructor();
        for (let item of this) {
            if (!target.has(item)) {
                newSet.add(item);
            }
        }
        return newSet;        
    }
    
    // target can be either a Set or an Array
    // return boolean which indicates if target set contains exactly same elements as this
    // target elements are iterated and checked for this.has(item)
    sameItems(target) {
        let tsize;
        if ("size" in target) {
            tsize = target.size;
        } else if ("length" in target) {
            tsize = target.length;
        } else {
            throw new TypeError("target must be an iterable like a Set with .size or .length");
        }
        if (tsize !== this.size) {
            return false;
        }
        for (let item of target) {
            if (!this.has(item)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

module.exports = SetEx;

这意味着在它自己的文件setex.js中，然后你可以在node.js中使用require()并取代内置的Set。