我也遇到了同样的问题:我第一次是在跑步时把证书下载到我的小MacBook上的。当我试图在iMac上安装证书时…然后我遇到了这一页上描述的问题。

和你们很多人一样，我花了几个小时把头发揪出来，然后我按照下面的步骤来解决它:

Close all your stuff except your webpage that should be logged into App Dev center. Open Xcode. Click WINDOW > ORGANIZER. Then click the Devices tab and select "Provisioning Profiles" on the left. That should bring up your provisioning profiles. Highlight one by one (if more than 1), right click and delete profile. Yes, just do it! Delete them all! (I kept making a new one after a new one trying to make the thing work.) From the first page you see after logging into the App Dev Center on the right side click "iOS PROVISIONING PORTAL" > (do not "launch assistant"). Instead click on the left side. Select CERTIFICATES. You will probably have just one line listed with your name/company - from there click on the right side REVOKE. Click OK to verify that's what you want to do. On the same page click DEVICES. Click the box next to your device you are trying to provision and click REMOVE SELECTED. Again click OK to verify. Wait about 2 minutes to let Apple do their thing. Now click on "HOME" that is on the left side navigation. Click "Launch Assistant" create a new app ID - call it whatever you want. Just make sure it's unique enough to know that's the one you just created because the others you've been messing with all day will not be deleted from Apples Dev Center. You should be able to follow the rest of the Assistant without troubles -- the main thing is you just had to delete your old provision profiles and start over.

好运！

我通过

A)进入门户上的配置文件页面

b)在你遇到麻烦的配置文件上点击Edit(右边)。

c)选中相应的证书框(默认不勾选)，选择正确的App ID(我的旧的已经过期了)

d)下载并使用新的配置文件。删除旧的。

显然，这个问题有4个不同的原因:

您的钥匙串缺少与您的 iPhone Developer或iPhone 发行证书。 您的钥匙链缺少苹果全球开发者关系 中级证书。 您的证书已被撤销或已过期。 在线证书状态协议(OCSP)或证书 撤销列表(CRL)被打开 钥匙串访问首选项

.

“这是苹果门户网站的一个漏洞。他们在配置配置文件中缺少一个必要的字段。他们在2009年6月16日晚些时候修复了这个错误。”

Because I keep coming back to this question, I will leave my answer here for the solution that works for me. It turns out that for a same public/private key developer identifier of me, it's installed twice in my keychain. Both have private key. But when I compare, one is private key of me within my developer organisation, and another one is private key of me as a personal developer. It turns out Xcode keeps trying using the wrong key. Removing the wrong duplicate key solves all the problem. Hey future me, check this one first next time!

如果你有新的mac，你可以去 IOS开发中心->供应门户->证书->开发->撤销并创建新证书。我的问题解决了。我的错误是“代码签名错误:身份'iPhone开发人员'不匹配任何有效的，未过期的证书/私钥对在您的钥匙串”

For Xcode 13 (maybe earlier?) - The key to this is to use the "Build Settings" tab, not the "Signing and Capabilities" tab in your Target Settings. Once you are in "Build Settings", search for the "Signing" section (you can type "Signing" in the search box). There you will see a sub-section called Code Signing Identity. In that section you can click on each line and directly choose any certificate you have in your keychain. You need to do that for all of the relevant configurations (the ones that you want to upload to TestFlight/AppStore). When you go back to the "Signing and Capabilities" tab, you should see the results of what you did and the error should have gone away.

我从下面的答案中得到了灵感:https://stackoverflow.com/a/37043501/826946

但我认为明确地列出这一点可能会有所帮助。