我在linux终端上通过利用subprocess(假设目录中存在one.pdf和two.pdf)使用pdf unite，目的是将它们合并为three.pdf

 import subprocess
 subprocess.call(['pdfunite one.pdf two.pdf three.pdf'],shell=True)

def pdf_merger(路径): """将pdf文件合并为一个pdf""" "

import logging
logging.basicConfig(filename = 'output.log', level = logging.DEBUG, format = '%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s' )

try:
    import glob, os
    import PyPDF2
    
    os.chdir(path)
    
    pdfs = []
    
    for file in glob.glob("*.pdf"):
        pdfs.append(file)
        
    if len(pdfs) == 0:
        logging.info("No pdf in the given directory")
        
    else:
        merger = PyPDF2.PdfFileMerger()
        
        for pdf in pdfs:
            merger.append(pdf)
            
        merger.write('result.pdf')
        merger.close()
        
except Exception as e:
    logging.error('Error has happened')
    logging.exception('Exception occured' + str(e))

使用字典以获得更大的灵活性(例如sort, dedup):

import os
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
# use dict to sort by filepath or filename
file_dict = {}
for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk("<dir>"):
    for file in files:
        filepath = subdir + os.sep + file
        # you can have multiple endswith
        if filepath.endswith((".pdf", ".PDF")):
            file_dict[file] = filepath
# use strict = False to ignore PdfReadError: Illegal character error
merger = PdfFileMerger(strict=False)

for k, v in file_dict.items():
    print(k, v)
    merger.append(v)

merger.write("combined_result.pdf")

http://pieceofpy.com/2009/03/05/concatenating-pdf-with-python/提供了一个解决方案。

类似的:

from pyPdf import PdfFileWriter, PdfFileReader

def append_pdf(input,output):
    [output.addPage(input.getPage(page_num)) for page_num in range(input.numPages)]

output = PdfFileWriter()

append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("C:\\sample.pdf","rb")),output)
append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("c:\\sample1.pdf","rb")),output)
append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("c:\\sample2.pdf","rb")),output)
append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("c:\\sample3.pdf","rb")),output)

output.write(file("c:\\combined.pdf","wb"))

------ 11月25日更新------

------似乎以上代码不再工作------

------请使用以下:------

from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger, PdfFileReader
import os

merger = PdfFileMerger()

file_folder = "C:\\My Ducoments\\"

root, dirs, files = next(os.walk(file_folder))

for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):
    for f in files:
        if f.endswith(".pdf"):
            merger.append(file_folder + f)

merger.write(file_folder + "Economists-1.pdf")

您可以从PyPDF2模块使用pdffilemerge。

例如，要从路径列表中合并多个PDF文件，可以使用以下函数:

from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger

# pass the path of the output final file.pdf and the list of paths
def merge_pdf(out_path: str, extracted_files: list [str]):
    merger   = PdfFileMerger()
    
    for pdf in extracted_files:
        merger.append(pdf)

    merger.write(out_path)
    merger.close()

merge_pdf('./final.pdf', extracted_files)

这个函数从父文件夹中递归地获取所有文件:

import os

# pass the path of the parent_folder
def fetch_all_files(parent_folder: str):
    target_files = []
    for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(parent_folder):
        for name in files:
            target_files.append(os.path.join(path, name))
    return target_files 

# get a list of all the paths of the pdf
extracted_files = fetch_all_files('./parent_folder')

最后，使用这两个函数进行声明。可以包含多个文档的parent_folder_path，以及用于合并PDF的目的地的output_pdf_path:

# get a list of all the paths of the pdf
parent_folder_path = './parent_folder'
outup_pdf_path     = './final.pdf'

extracted_files = fetch_all_files(parent_folder_path)
merge_pdf(outup_pdf_path, extracted_files)

你可以从这里获得完整的代码(来源):如何使用Python合并PDF文档

使用Pypdf或其后续版本PyPDF2:

作为PDF工具包构建的Pure-Python库。它能够: 逐页拆分文档， 逐页合并文件，

(以及更多)

下面是一个适用于这两个版本的示例程序。

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
try:
    from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
except ImportError:
    from pyPdf import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter

def pdf_cat(input_files, output_stream):
    input_streams = []
    try:
        # First open all the files, then produce the output file, and
        # finally close the input files. This is necessary because
        # the data isn't read from the input files until the write
        # operation. Thanks to
        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6773631/problem-with-closing-python-pypdf-writing-getting-a-valueerror-i-o-operation/6773733#6773733
        for input_file in input_files:
            input_streams.append(open(input_file, 'rb'))
        writer = PdfFileWriter()
        for reader in map(PdfFileReader, input_streams):
            for n in range(reader.getNumPages()):
                writer.addPage(reader.getPage(n))
        writer.write(output_stream)
    finally:
        for f in input_streams:
            f.close()
        output_stream.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if sys.platform == "win32":
        import os, msvcrt
        msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)
    pdf_cat(sys.argv[1:], sys.stdout)