我在linux终端上通过利用subprocess(假设目录中存在one.pdf和two.pdf)使用pdf unite，目的是将它们合并为three.pdf

 import subprocess
 subprocess.call(['pdfunite one.pdf two.pdf three.pdf'],shell=True)

使用Pypdf或其后续版本PyPDF2:

作为PDF工具包构建的Pure-Python库。它能够: 逐页拆分文档， 逐页合并文件，

(以及更多)

下面是一个适用于这两个版本的示例程序。

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
try:
    from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
except ImportError:
    from pyPdf import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter

def pdf_cat(input_files, output_stream):
    input_streams = []
    try:
        # First open all the files, then produce the output file, and
        # finally close the input files. This is necessary because
        # the data isn't read from the input files until the write
        # operation. Thanks to
        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6773631/problem-with-closing-python-pypdf-writing-getting-a-valueerror-i-o-operation/6773733#6773733
        for input_file in input_files:
            input_streams.append(open(input_file, 'rb'))
        writer = PdfFileWriter()
        for reader in map(PdfFileReader, input_streams):
            for n in range(reader.getNumPages()):
                writer.addPage(reader.getPage(n))
        writer.write(output_stream)
    finally:
        for f in input_streams:
            f.close()
        output_stream.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if sys.platform == "win32":
        import os, msvcrt
        msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)
    pdf_cat(sys.argv[1:], sys.stdout)

Giovanni G. PY以一种简单易用的方式(至少对我来说)给出了答案:

import os
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger

def merge_pdfs(export_dir, input_dir, folder):
    current_dir = os.path.join(input_dir, folder)
    pdfs = os.listdir(current_dir)
    
    merger = PdfFileMerger()
    for pdf in pdfs:
        merger.append(open(os.path.join(current_dir, pdf), 'rb'))

    with open(os.path.join(export_dir, folder + ".pdf"), "wb") as fout:
        merger.write(fout)

export_dir = r"E:\Output"
input_dir = r"E:\Input"
folders = os.listdir(input_dir)
[merge_pdfs(export_dir, input_dir, folder) for folder in folders];

您可以从PyPDF2模块使用pdffilemerge。

例如，要从路径列表中合并多个PDF文件，可以使用以下函数:

from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger

# pass the path of the output final file.pdf and the list of paths
def merge_pdf(out_path: str, extracted_files: list [str]):
    merger   = PdfFileMerger()
    
    for pdf in extracted_files:
        merger.append(pdf)

    merger.write(out_path)
    merger.close()

merge_pdf('./final.pdf', extracted_files)

这个函数从父文件夹中递归地获取所有文件:

import os

# pass the path of the parent_folder
def fetch_all_files(parent_folder: str):
    target_files = []
    for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(parent_folder):
        for name in files:
            target_files.append(os.path.join(path, name))
    return target_files 

# get a list of all the paths of the pdf
extracted_files = fetch_all_files('./parent_folder')

最后，使用这两个函数进行声明。可以包含多个文档的parent_folder_path，以及用于合并PDF的目的地的output_pdf_path:

# get a list of all the paths of the pdf
parent_folder_path = './parent_folder'
outup_pdf_path     = './final.pdf'

extracted_files = fetch_all_files(parent_folder_path)
merge_pdf(outup_pdf_path, extracted_files)

你可以从这里获得完整的代码(来源):如何使用Python合并PDF文档

使用正确的python解释器:

conda activate py_envs

pip install PyPDF2

Python代码:

from PyPDF2 import PdfMerger

#set path files
import os
os.chdir('/ur/path/to/folder/')
cwd = os.path.abspath('')
files = os.listdir(cwd)

def merge_pdf_files():
    merger = PdfMerger()
    pdf_files = [x for x in files if x.endswith(".pdf")]
    [merger.append(pdf) for pdf in pdf_files]
    with open("merged_pdf_all.pdf", "wb") as new_file:
        merger.write(new_file)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    merge_pdf_files()

pdfrw库可以很容易地做到这一点，假设您不需要保存书签和注释，并且您的pdf文件没有加密。Cat.py是一个示例拼接脚本，而子集.py是一个示例页面子集脚本。

串联脚本的相关部分——假设input是一个输入文件名列表，outfn是一个输出文件名:

from pdfrw import PdfReader, PdfWriter

writer = PdfWriter()
for inpfn in inputs:
    writer.addpages(PdfReader(inpfn).pages)
writer.write(outfn)

正如你所看到的，省略最后一页是很容易的，例如:

    writer.addpages(PdfReader(inpfn).pages[:-1])

免责声明:我是pdfrw的主要作者。