合并目录下的所有pdf文件

把pdf文件放到目录下。启动程序。你会得到一个合并了所有pdf文件的pdf。

import os
from PyPDF2 import PdfMerger

x = [a for a in os.listdir() if a.endswith(".pdf")]

merger = PdfMerger()

for pdf in x:
    merger.append(open(pdf, 'rb'))

with open("result.pdf", "wb") as fout:
    merger.write(fout)

今天我该如何编写上面相同的代码呢

from glob import glob
from PyPDF2 import PdfMerger



def pdf_merge():
    ''' Merges all the pdf files in current directory '''
    merger = PdfMerger()
    allpdfs = [a for a in glob("*.pdf")]
    [merger.append(pdf) for pdf in allpdfs]
    with open("Merged_pdfs.pdf", "wb") as new_file:
        merger.write(new_file)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    pdf_merge()

下面是针对我的特定用例的最常见答案的时间比较:合并5个大单页pdf文件的列表。每个测试我都运行了两次。

(免责声明:我在Flask中运行这个函数，您的里程可能会有所不同)

博士TL;

pdfrw是我测试的3个pdf文件组合库中最快的一个。

PyPDF2

start = time.time()
merger = PdfFileMerger()
for pdf in all_pdf_obj:
    merger.append(
        os.path.join(
            os.getcwd(), pdf.filename # full path
                )
            )
formatted_name = f'Summary_Invoice_{date.today()}.pdf'
merge_file = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), formatted_name)
merger.write(merge_file)
merger.close()
end = time.time()
print(end - start) #1 66.50084733963013 #2 68.2995400428772

PyMuPDF

start = time.time()
result = fitz.open()

for pdf in all_pdf_obj:
    with fitz.open(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), pdf.filename)) as mfile:
        result.insertPDF(mfile)
formatted_name = f'Summary_Invoice_{date.today()}.pdf'

result.save(formatted_name)
end = time.time()
print(end - start) #1 2.7166640758514404 #2 1.694727897644043

PDFrw

start = time.time()
result = fitz.open()

writer = PdfWriter()
for pdf in all_pdf_obj:
    writer.addpages(PdfReader(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), pdf.filename)).pages)

formatted_name = f'Summary_Invoice_{date.today()}.pdf'
writer.write(formatted_name)
end = time.time()
print(end - start) #1 0.6040127277374268 #2 0.9576816558837891

您可以从PyPDF2模块使用pdffilemerge。

例如，要从路径列表中合并多个PDF文件，可以使用以下函数:

from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger

# pass the path of the output final file.pdf and the list of paths
def merge_pdf(out_path: str, extracted_files: list [str]):
    merger   = PdfFileMerger()
    
    for pdf in extracted_files:
        merger.append(pdf)

    merger.write(out_path)
    merger.close()

merge_pdf('./final.pdf', extracted_files)

这个函数从父文件夹中递归地获取所有文件:

import os

# pass the path of the parent_folder
def fetch_all_files(parent_folder: str):
    target_files = []
    for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(parent_folder):
        for name in files:
            target_files.append(os.path.join(path, name))
    return target_files 

# get a list of all the paths of the pdf
extracted_files = fetch_all_files('./parent_folder')

最后，使用这两个函数进行声明。可以包含多个文档的parent_folder_path，以及用于合并PDF的目的地的output_pdf_path:

# get a list of all the paths of the pdf
parent_folder_path = './parent_folder'
outup_pdf_path     = './final.pdf'

extracted_files = fetch_all_files(parent_folder_path)
merge_pdf(outup_pdf_path, extracted_files)

你可以从这里获得完整的代码(来源):如何使用Python合并PDF文档

使用Pypdf或其后续版本PyPDF2:

作为PDF工具包构建的Pure-Python库。它能够: 逐页拆分文档， 逐页合并文件，

(以及更多)

下面是一个适用于这两个版本的示例程序。

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
try:
    from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
except ImportError:
    from pyPdf import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter

def pdf_cat(input_files, output_stream):
    input_streams = []
    try:
        # First open all the files, then produce the output file, and
        # finally close the input files. This is necessary because
        # the data isn't read from the input files until the write
        # operation. Thanks to
        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6773631/problem-with-closing-python-pypdf-writing-getting-a-valueerror-i-o-operation/6773733#6773733
        for input_file in input_files:
            input_streams.append(open(input_file, 'rb'))
        writer = PdfFileWriter()
        for reader in map(PdfFileReader, input_streams):
            for n in range(reader.getNumPages()):
                writer.addPage(reader.getPage(n))
        writer.write(output_stream)
    finally:
        for f in input_streams:
            f.close()
        output_stream.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if sys.platform == "win32":
        import os, msvcrt
        msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)
    pdf_cat(sys.argv[1:], sys.stdout)

它是可能的，使用Python，合并单独的PDF文件?

Yes.

下面的例子将一个文件夹中的所有文件合并为一个新的PDF文件:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from argparse import ArgumentParser
from glob import glob
from pyPdf import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
import os

def merge(path, output_filename):
    output = PdfFileWriter()

    for pdffile in glob(path + os.sep + '*.pdf'):
        if pdffile == output_filename:
            continue
        print("Parse '%s'" % pdffile)
        document = PdfFileReader(open(pdffile, 'rb'))
        for i in range(document.getNumPages()):
            output.addPage(document.getPage(i))

    print("Start writing '%s'" % output_filename)
    with open(output_filename, "wb") as f:
        output.write(f)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = ArgumentParser()

    # Add more options if you like
    parser.add_argument("-o", "--output",
                        dest="output_filename",
                        default="merged.pdf",
                        help="write merged PDF to FILE",
                        metavar="FILE")
    parser.add_argument("-p", "--path",
                        dest="path",
                        default=".",
                        help="path of source PDF files")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    merge(args.path, args.output_filename)

使用字典以获得更大的灵活性(例如sort, dedup):

import os
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
# use dict to sort by filepath or filename
file_dict = {}
for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk("<dir>"):
    for file in files:
        filepath = subdir + os.sep + file
        # you can have multiple endswith
        if filepath.endswith((".pdf", ".PDF")):
            file_dict[file] = filepath
# use strict = False to ignore PdfReadError: Illegal character error
merger = PdfFileMerger(strict=False)

for k, v in file_dict.items():
    print(k, v)
    merger.append(v)

merger.write("combined_result.pdf")