到目前为止，我发现这些答案既缺乏洞察力，也缺乏警告。你可以也应该注意与IE10+的不兼容性(如果你在乎的话)。

这是完整的示例，其中包括应用程序部分和服务部分。注意，我们设置了observe: "response"来捕捉文件名的头信息。还要注意，Content-Disposition报头必须由服务器设置并公开，否则当前的Angular HttpClient将不会传递它。我在下面添加了一段dotnet核心代码。

public exportAsExcelFile(dataId: InputData) {
    return this.http.get(this.apiUrl + `event/export/${event.id}`, {
        responseType: "blob",
        observe: "response"
    }).pipe(
        tap(response => {
            this.downloadFile(response.body, this.parseFilename(response.headers.get('Content-Disposition')));
        })
    );
}

private downloadFile(data: Blob, filename: string) {
    const blob = new Blob([data], {type: 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;charset=utf-8;'});
    if (navigator.msSaveBlob) { // IE 10+
        navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, filename);
    } else {
        const link = document.createElement('a');
        if (link.download !== undefined) {
            // Browsers that support HTML5 download attribute
            const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
            link.setAttribute('href', url);
            link.setAttribute('download', filename);
            link.style.visibility = 'hidden';
            document.body.appendChild(link);
            link.click();
            document.body.removeChild(link);
        }
    }
}

private parseFilename(contentDisposition): string {
    if (!contentDisposition) return null;
    let matches = /filename="(.*?)"/g.exec(contentDisposition);

    return matches && matches.length > 1 ? matches[1] : null;
}

Dotnet核心，具有内容处理和媒体类型

 private object ConvertFileResponse(ExcelOutputDto excelOutput)
    {
        if (excelOutput != null)
        {
            ContentDisposition contentDisposition = new ContentDisposition
            {
                FileName = excelOutput.FileName.Contains(_excelExportService.XlsxExtension) ? excelOutput.FileName : "TeamsiteExport.xlsx",
                Inline = false
            };
            Response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition");
            Response.Headers.Add("Content-Disposition", contentDisposition.ToString());
            return File(excelOutput.ExcelSheet, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
        }
        else
        {
            throw new UserFriendlyException("The excel output was empty due to no events.");
        }
    }

这是我在我的案例中做的事情

// service method
downloadFiles(vendorName, fileName) {
    return this.http.get(this.appconstants.filesDownloadUrl, { params: { vendorName: vendorName, fileName: fileName }, responseType: 'arraybuffer' }).map((res: ArrayBuffer) => { return res; })
        .catch((error: any) => _throw('Server error: ' + error));
}

// a controller function which actually downloads the file
saveData(data, fileName) {
    var a = document.createElement("a");
    document.body.appendChild(a);
    a.style = "display: none";
    let blob = new Blob([data], { type: "octet/stream" }),
        url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
    a.href = url;
    a.download = fileName;
    a.click();
    window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}

// a controller function to be called on requesting a download
downloadFiles() {
    this.service.downloadFiles(this.vendorName, this.fileName).subscribe(data => this.saveData(data, this.fileName), error => console.log("Error downloading the file."),
        () => console.info("OK"));
}

解决方案从这里引用

 let headers = new Headers({
                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
                'MyApp-Application': 'AppName',
                'Accept': 'application/vnd.ms-excel'
            });
            let options = new RequestOptions({
                headers: headers,
                responseType: ResponseContentType.Blob
            });


this.http.post(this.urlName + '/services/exportNewUpc', localStorageValue, options)
                .subscribe(data => {
                    if (navigator.appVersion.toString().indexOf('.NET') > 0)
                    window.navigator.msSaveBlob(data.blob(), "Export_NewUPC-Items_" + this.selectedcategory + "_" + this.retailname +"_Report_"+this.myDate+".xlsx");

                    else {
                        var a = document.createElement("a");
                        a.href = URL.createObjectURL(data.blob());
                        a.download = "Export_NewUPC-Items_" + this.selectedcategory + "_" + this.retailname +"_Report_"+this.myDate+ ".xlsx";
                        a.click();
                    }
                    this.ui_loader = false;
                    this.selectedexport = 0;
                }, error => {
                    console.log(error.json());
                    this.ui_loader = false;
                    document.getElementById("exceptionerror").click();
                });

这个答案表明不能直接使用AJAX下载文件，主要是出于安全原因。我来描述一下在这种情况下我怎么做，

01. 在component.html文件中的锚标记中添加href属性， 如:-

<div>
       <a [href]="fileUrl" mat-raised-button (click)='getGenaratedLetterTemplate(element)'> GENARATE </a>
</div>

02. 在组件中执行以下所有步骤。Ts绕过安全级别，弹出对话框， 如:-

import { environment } from 'environments/environment';
import { DomSanitizer } from '@angular/platform-browser';
export class ViewHrApprovalComponent implements OnInit {
private apiUrl = environment.apiUrl;
  fileUrl
 constructor(
    private sanitizer: DomSanitizer,
    private letterService: LetterService) {}
getGenaratedLetterTemplate(letter) {

    this.data.getGenaratedLetterTemplate(letter.letterId).subscribe(
      // cannot download files directly with AJAX, primarily for security reasons);
    console.log(this.apiUrl + 'getGeneratedLetter/' + letter.letterId);
    this.fileUrl = this.sanitizer.bypassSecurityTrustResourceUrl(this.apiUrl + 'getGeneratedLetter/' + letter.letterId);
  }

注意:如果状态码为200时出现错误“OK”，则此回答将有效

我找到了一个从angular 2下载而不会损坏的解决方案， 使用spring MVC和angular 2

我的返回类型是:- responseentity从java结束。这里我发送字节[]数组从控制器返回类型。

第二步-在你的工作空间中包含文件保存器-在索引页中:

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/FileSaver.js/2014-11-29/FileSaver.min.js"></script>

第3 - at组件ts编写以下代码:

import {ResponseContentType} from '@angular.core';

let headers = new Headers({ 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'MyApp-Application' : 'AppName', 'Accept': 'application/pdf' });
        let options = new RequestOptions({ headers: headers, responseType: ResponseContentType.Blob });
            this.http
            .post('/project/test/export',
                    somevalue,options)
              .subscribe(data => {

                  var mediaType = 'application/vnd.ms-excel';
                  let blob: Blob = data.blob();
                    window['saveAs'](blob, 'sample.xls');

                });

这将为您提供xls文件格式。如果需要其他格式，请使用正确的扩展名更改介质类型和文件名。

对于那些使用Redux模式

我在文件保存器中添加了@Hector Cuevas的名字，在他的回答中。使用Angular2 v. 2.3.1，我不需要添加@types/file-saver。

以PDF格式下载日志为例。

日记账操作

public static DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS = '[Journals] Download as PDF';
public downloadJournals(referenceId: string): Action {
 return {
   type: JournalActions.DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS,
   payload: { referenceId: referenceId }
 };
}

public static DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS_SUCCESS = '[Journals] Download as PDF Success';
public downloadJournalsSuccess(blob: Blob): Action {
 return {
   type: JournalActions.DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS_SUCCESS,
   payload: { blob: blob }
 };
}

期刊效应

@Effect() download$ = this.actions$
    .ofType(JournalActions.DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS)
    .switchMap(({payload}) =>
        this._journalApiService.downloadJournal(payload.referenceId)
        .map((blob) => this._actions.downloadJournalsSuccess(blob))
        .catch((err) => handleError(err, this._actions.downloadJournalsFail(err)))
    );

@Effect() downloadJournalSuccess$ = this.actions$
    .ofType(JournalActions.DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS_SUCCESS)
    .map(({payload}) => saveBlobAs(payload.blob, 'journal.pdf'))

期刊服务

public downloadJournal(referenceId: string): Observable<any> {
    const url = `${this._config.momentumApi}/api/journals/${referenceId}/download`;
    return this._http.getBlob(url);
}

HTTP服务

public getBlob = (url: string): Observable<any> => {
    return this.request({
        method: RequestMethod.Get,
        url: url,
        responseType: ResponseContentType.Blob
    });
};

轴颈减速器 虽然这只设置了我们应用程序中使用的正确状态，但我仍然想添加它来显示完整的模式。

case JournalActions.DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS: {
  return Object.assign({}, state, <IJournalState>{ downloading: true, hasValidationErrors: false, errors: [] });
}

case JournalActions.DOWNLOAD_JOURNALS_SUCCESS: {
  return Object.assign({}, state, <IJournalState>{ downloading: false, hasValidationErrors: false, errors: [] });
}

我希望这对你有帮助。