每个Node.js程序在其环境中都有一些全局变量，这些变量表示关于进程的一些信息，其中一个是__dirname。

如果你使用pkg来打包你的应用，你会发现这个表达式很有用:

appDirectory = require('path').dirname(process.pkg ? process.execPath : (require.main ? require.main.filename : process.argv[0]));

process.pkg tells if the app has been packaged by pkg. process.execPath holds the full path of the executable, which is /usr/bin/node or similar for direct invocations of scripts (node test.js), or the packaged app. require.main.filename holds the full path of the main script, but it's empty when Node runs in interactive mode. __dirname holds the full path of the current script, so I'm not using it (although it may be what OP asks; then better use appDirectory = process.pkg ? require('path').dirname(process.execPath) : (__dirname || require('path').dirname(process.argv[0])); noting that in interactive mode __dirname is empty. For interactive mode, use either process.argv[0] to get the path to the Node executable or process.cwd() to get the current directory.

如果你想在shell脚本中使用类似$0的东西，试试这个:

var path = require('path');

var command = getCurrentScriptPath();

console.log(`Usage: ${command} <foo> <bar>`);

function getCurrentScriptPath () {
    // Relative path from current working directory to the location of this script
    var pathToScript = path.relative(process.cwd(), __filename);

    // Check if current working dir is the same as the script
    if (process.cwd() === __dirname) {
        // E.g. "./foobar.js"
        return '.' + path.sep + pathToScript;
    } else {
        // E.g. "foo/bar/baz.js"
        return pathToScript;
    }
}

这个命令返回当前目录:

var currentPath = process.cwd();

例如，使用路径读取文件:

var fs = require('fs');
fs.readFile(process.cwd() + "\\text.txt", function(err, data)
{
    if(err)
        console.log(err)
    else
        console.log(data.toString());
});

var settings = 
    JSON.parse(
        require('fs').readFileSync(
            require('path').resolve(
                __dirname, 
                'settings.json'),
            'utf8'));

当涉及到主脚本时，它非常简单:

process.argv[1]

来自Node.js文档:

process.argv 包含命令行参数的数组。第一个元素是“node”，第二个元素是JavaScript文件的路径。下一个元素将是任何额外的命令行参数。

如果你需要知道模块文件的路径，那么使用__filename。