In my specific case, I was trying to build my node package with the node docker image so that I wouldn't have to install npm on the deployment server. It worked well until, outside out the container and on the host machine, I tried to move a file into the node_modules directory that the node docker image had created, to which I was denied permissions because it was owned by root. I realized that I could work around this by copying the directory out of the container onto the host machine. Via docker docs...

的UID:GID创建复制到本地计算机的文件 调用docker cp命令的用户。

这是我用来更改docker容器中创建的目录的所有权的bash代码。

NODE_IMAGE=node_builder
docker run -v $(pwd)/build:/build -w="/build" --name $NODE_IMAGE node:6-slim npm i --production
# node_modules is owned by root, so we need to copy it out 
docker cp $NODE_IMAGE:/build/node_modules build/lambda 
# you might have issues trying to remove the directory "node_modules" within the shared volume "build", because it is owned by root, so remove the image and its volumes
docker rm -vf $NODE_IMAGE || true

如果需要，您可以使用第二个docker容器删除该目录。

docker run -v $(pwd)/build:/build -w="/build" --name $RMR_IMAGE node:6-slim rm -r node_modules

好的，这现在被跟踪在docker问题#7198

现在，我用你的第二个选择来处理这个问题:

将用户从主机映射到容器

Dockerfile

#=======
# Users
#=======
# TODO: Idk how to fix hardcoding uid & gid, specifics to docker host machine
RUN (adduser --system --uid=1000 --gid=1000 \
        --home /home/myguestuser --shell /bin/bash myguestuser)

CLI

# DIR_HOST and DIR_GUEST belongs to uid:gid 1000:1000
docker run -d -v ${DIR_HOST}:${DIR_GUEST} elgalu/myservice:latest

我目前更倾向于哈米的回答

如果你这样做是为了开发，一个很好的解决方案是使用bindfs:

保持容器用户拥有源代码。(如果可能的话，让容器克隆源代码。) 使用bindfs并为主机用户映射文件夹。

下面是我的docker-compose设置现在的样子:

project:
  web/src # Container clones it using init scripts.
  web/log
  __web__/src # Host user uses this. It's just bindfs mirror.
  __web__/log

我已经考虑这个问题一年多了，bindfs是我遇到过的最简单的选择。除了克隆，没有运行成本。

在大多数情况下，这可能不是最好的方法，但它还没有被提及，所以也许它会帮助到某些人。

绑定挂载主机卷 主机文件夹FOOBAR挂载在容器/卷/FOOBAR中 修改容器的启动脚本，以找到感兴趣的卷的GID $ TARGET_GID=$(stat -c "%g" /volume/FOOBAR) 确保您的用户属于一个具有此GID的组(您可能必须创建一个新组)。对于本例，我将假装我的软件在容器内以nobody用户运行，因此我希望确保没有人属于组id等于TARGET_GID的组

  EXISTS=$(cat /etc/group | grep $TARGET_GID | wc -l)

  # Create new group using target GID and add nobody user
  if [ $EXISTS == "0" ]; then
    groupadd -g $TARGET_GID tempgroup
    usermod -a -G tempgroup nobody
  else
    # GID exists, find group name and add
    GROUP=$(getent group $TARGET_GID | cut -d: -f1)
    usermod -a -G $GROUP nobody
  fi

我喜欢这样做是因为我可以轻松地修改主机卷上的组权限，并且知道这些更新的权限适用于docker容器内部。这种情况无需对我的主机文件夹/文件进行任何权限或所有权修改，这让我很高兴。

我不喜欢这种方法，因为它假定将自己添加到容器内的任意组(碰巧使用您想要的GID)中没有危险。它不能与Dockerfile中的USER子句一起使用(除非该用户具有根权限)。此外，它是一种黑客工作;-)

如果你想要硬核，你显然可以在许多方面扩展它——例如，搜索任何子文件上的所有组，多个卷，等等。

In my specific case, I was trying to build my node package with the node docker image so that I wouldn't have to install npm on the deployment server. It worked well until, outside out the container and on the host machine, I tried to move a file into the node_modules directory that the node docker image had created, to which I was denied permissions because it was owned by root. I realized that I could work around this by copying the directory out of the container onto the host machine. Via docker docs...

的UID:GID创建复制到本地计算机的文件 调用docker cp命令的用户。

这是我用来更改docker容器中创建的目录的所有权的bash代码。

NODE_IMAGE=node_builder
docker run -v $(pwd)/build:/build -w="/build" --name $NODE_IMAGE node:6-slim npm i --production
# node_modules is owned by root, so we need to copy it out 
docker cp $NODE_IMAGE:/build/node_modules build/lambda 
# you might have issues trying to remove the directory "node_modules" within the shared volume "build", because it is owned by root, so remove the image and its volumes
docker rm -vf $NODE_IMAGE || true

如果需要，您可以使用第二个docker容器删除该目录。

docker run -v $(pwd)/build:/build -w="/build" --name $RMR_IMAGE node:6-slim rm -r node_modules

基地图片

使用这个图片:https://hub.docker.com/r/reduardo7/docker-host-user

or

重要:这会破坏容器在主机间的可移植性。

1) init.sh

#!/bin/bash

if ! getent passwd $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME > /dev/null
  then
    echo "Creating user $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME:$DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME"
    groupadd --gid $DOCKDEV_GROUP_ID -r $DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME
    useradd --system --uid=$DOCKDEV_USER_ID --gid=$DOCKDEV_GROUP_ID \
        --home-dir /home --password $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME
    usermod -a -G sudo $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME
    chown -R $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME:$DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME /home
  fi

sudo -u $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME bash

2） Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:latest
# Volumes
    VOLUME ["/home/data"]
# Copy Files
    COPY /home/data/init.sh /home
# Init
    RUN chmod a+x /home/init.sh

3) run.sh

#!/bin/bash

DOCKDEV_VARIABLES=(\
  DOCKDEV_USER_NAME=$USERNAME\
  DOCKDEV_USER_ID=$UID\
  DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME=$(id -g -n $USERNAME)\
  DOCKDEV_GROUP_ID=$(id -g $USERNAME)\
)

cmd="docker run"

if [ ! -z "${DOCKDEV_VARIABLES}" ]; then
  for v in ${DOCKDEV_VARIABLES[@]}; do
    cmd="${cmd} -e ${v}"
  done
fi

# /home/usr/data contains init.sh
$cmd -v /home/usr/data:/home/data -i -t my-image /home/init.sh

4)使用docker构建

4)跑!

sh run.sh