In my specific case, I was trying to build my node package with the node docker image so that I wouldn't have to install npm on the deployment server. It worked well until, outside out the container and on the host machine, I tried to move a file into the node_modules directory that the node docker image had created, to which I was denied permissions because it was owned by root. I realized that I could work around this by copying the directory out of the container onto the host machine. Via docker docs...

的UID:GID创建复制到本地计算机的文件 调用docker cp命令的用户。

这是我用来更改docker容器中创建的目录的所有权的bash代码。

NODE_IMAGE=node_builder
docker run -v $(pwd)/build:/build -w="/build" --name $NODE_IMAGE node:6-slim npm i --production
# node_modules is owned by root, so we need to copy it out 
docker cp $NODE_IMAGE:/build/node_modules build/lambda 
# you might have issues trying to remove the directory "node_modules" within the shared volume "build", because it is owned by root, so remove the image and its volumes
docker rm -vf $NODE_IMAGE || true

如果需要，您可以使用第二个docker容器删除该目录。

docker run -v $(pwd)/build:/build -w="/build" --name $RMR_IMAGE node:6-slim rm -r node_modules

尝试在Dockerfile中添加命令

RUN usermod -u 1000 www-data

Credits转至https://github.com/denderello/symfony-docker-example/issues/2#issuecomment-94387272

如果你这样做是为了开发，一个很好的解决方案是使用bindfs:

保持容器用户拥有源代码。(如果可能的话，让容器克隆源代码。) 使用bindfs并为主机用户映射文件夹。

下面是我的docker-compose设置现在的样子:

project:
  web/src # Container clones it using init scripts.
  web/log
  __web__/src # Host user uses this. It's just bindfs mirror.
  __web__/log

我已经考虑这个问题一年多了，bindfs是我遇到过的最简单的选择。除了克隆，没有运行成本。

如果你使用Docker Compose，以特权模式启动容器:

wordpress:
    image: wordpress:4.5.3
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8084:80
    privileged: true

这里有一种方法，它仍然使用纯数据容器，但不要求它与应用程序容器同步(就具有相同的uid/gid而言)。

假设，你想在容器中运行一些应用程序作为非根$USER没有登录shell。

在Dockerfile中:

RUN useradd -s /bin/false myuser

# Set environment variables
ENV VOLUME_ROOT /data
ENV USER myuser

...

ENTRYPOINT ["./entrypoint.sh"]

然后，在entrypoint.sh中:

chown -R $USER:$USER $VOLUME_ROOT
su -s /bin/bash - $USER -c "cd $repo/build; $@"

基地图片

使用这个图片:https://hub.docker.com/r/reduardo7/docker-host-user

or

重要:这会破坏容器在主机间的可移植性。

1) init.sh

#!/bin/bash

if ! getent passwd $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME > /dev/null
  then
    echo "Creating user $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME:$DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME"
    groupadd --gid $DOCKDEV_GROUP_ID -r $DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME
    useradd --system --uid=$DOCKDEV_USER_ID --gid=$DOCKDEV_GROUP_ID \
        --home-dir /home --password $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME
    usermod -a -G sudo $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME
    chown -R $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME:$DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME /home
  fi

sudo -u $DOCKDEV_USER_NAME bash

2） Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:latest
# Volumes
    VOLUME ["/home/data"]
# Copy Files
    COPY /home/data/init.sh /home
# Init
    RUN chmod a+x /home/init.sh

3) run.sh

#!/bin/bash

DOCKDEV_VARIABLES=(\
  DOCKDEV_USER_NAME=$USERNAME\
  DOCKDEV_USER_ID=$UID\
  DOCKDEV_GROUP_NAME=$(id -g -n $USERNAME)\
  DOCKDEV_GROUP_ID=$(id -g $USERNAME)\
)

cmd="docker run"

if [ ! -z "${DOCKDEV_VARIABLES}" ]; then
  for v in ${DOCKDEV_VARIABLES[@]}; do
    cmd="${cmd} -e ${v}"
  done
fi

# /home/usr/data contains init.sh
$cmd -v /home/usr/data:/home/data -i -t my-image /home/init.sh

4)使用docker构建

4)跑!

sh run.sh