对我来说，我必须在NodeJS文件中指定路径。

// did not work!!!!!
require('dotenv').config()

而不是

// DID WORK!!
require('dotenv').config({ path: '/full/custom/path/to/your/.env' })

从命令行运行crontab -e时，可以在crontab本身中定义环境变量。

LANG=nb_NO.UTF-8
LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8
# m h  dom mon dow   command

* * * * * sleep 5s && echo "yo"

此特性仅适用于特定的cron实现。Ubuntu和Debian目前使用vixie-cron，它允许在crontab文件中声明这些(也可以是GNU mcron)。

Archlinux和RedHat使用cronie，它不允许声明环境变量，并且会在cron.log中抛出语法错误。每个条目都可以采取变通措施:

# m h  dom mon dow   command
* * * * * export LC_ALL=nb_NO.UTF-8; sleep 5s && echo "yo"

我尝试了大部分提供的解决方案，但一开始都没用。然而，事实证明，并不是解决方案失败了。显然，我的~/。Bashrc文件以以下代码块开始:

case $- in
    *i*) ;;
    *) return;;
esac

This basically is a case statement that checks the current set of options in the current shell to determine that the shell is running interactively. If the shell happens to be running interactively, then it moves on to sourcing the ~/.bashrc file. However, in a shell invoked by cron, the $- variable doesn't contain the i value which indicates interactivity. Therefore, the ~/.bashrc file never gets sourced fully. As a result, the environment variables never got set. If this happens to be your issue, feel free to comment out the block of code as follows and try again:

# case $- in
#     *i*) ;;
#     *) return;;
# esac

我希望这对你有用

如果你通过cron开始执行脚本:

#!/bin/bash -l

他们应该捡起你的~/。Bash_profile环境变量

让'cron'运行一个shell脚本，在运行命令之前设置环境。

总是这样。

#   @(#)$Id: crontab,v 4.2 2007/09/17 02:41:00 jleffler Exp $
#   Crontab file for Home Directory for Jonathan Leffler (JL)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#Min     Hour    Day     Month   Weekday Command
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
0        *       *       *       *       /usr/bin/ksh /work1/jleffler/bin/Cron/hourly
1        1       *       *       *       /usr/bin/ksh /work1/jleffler/bin/Cron/daily
23       1       *       *       1-5     /usr/bin/ksh /work1/jleffler/bin/Cron/weekday
2        3       *       *       0       /usr/bin/ksh /work1/jleffler/bin/Cron/weekly
21       3       1       *       *       /usr/bin/ksh /work1/jleffler/bin/Cron/monthly

~/bin/Cron中的脚本都是指向单个脚本'runcron'的链接，它看起来像:

:       "$Id: runcron.sh,v 2.1 2001/02/27 00:53:22 jleffler Exp $"
#
#       Commands to be performed by Cron (no debugging options)

#       Set environment -- not done by cron (usually switches HOME)
. $HOME/.cronfile

base=`basename $0`
cmd=${REAL_HOME:-/real/home}/bin/$base

if [ ! -x $cmd ]
then cmd=${HOME}/bin/$base
fi

exec $cmd ${@:+"$@"}

(使用较旧的编码标准编写-现在，我会使用shebang '#!开头说。)

“~ /。Cronfile '是我个人资料的一个变种，供cron使用——严格地说，没有交互，也没有为了吵闹而产生的回声。您可以安排执行.profile等等。(REAL_HOME的东西是我的环境的一个人工制品-你可以假装它是相同的$HOME。)

因此，这段代码读取适当的环境，然后从我的主目录执行非cron版本的命令。例如，我的'weekday'命令是这样的:

:       "@(#)$Id: weekday.sh,v 1.10 2007/09/17 02:42:03 jleffler Exp $"
#
#       Commands to be done each weekday

# Update ICSCOPE
n.updics

'daily'命令更简单:

:       "@(#)$Id: daily.sh,v 1.5 1997/06/02 22:04:21 johnl Exp $"
#
#       Commands to be done daily

# Nothing -- most things are done on weekdays only

exit 0

而不是

0  *  *  *  *  sh /my/script.sh

使用bash -l -c

0  *  *  *  *  bash -l -c 'sh /my/script.sh'