我试图像这样安装doozer:

$ goinstall github.com/ha/doozer

我得到这些错误。

goinstall: os: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: fmt: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: io: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: reflect: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: math: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: rand: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: url: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: net: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: sync: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: runtime: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: strings: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: sort: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: strconv: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: bytes: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: log: go/build: package could not be found locally goinstall: encoding/binary: go/build: package could not be found locally


当前回答

我读了go help gopath文档,仍然非常困惑,但从另一个go文档页面中发现了这个小块:

GOPATH环境变量指定工作空间的位置。它可能是开发Go代码时需要设置的唯一环境变量。

http://golang.org/doc/code.html#GOPATH

其他回答

第一次运行go env。 如果你看到go没有安装,你可以通过homebrew或包和/或其他方式安装它。 如果您看到输出,那么您的Go已经安装。 它向你展示了所有已设置和未设置的env。

如果你看到GOROOT为空:

在我的电脑上:/usr/local/go/bin/go 然后export GOROOT=/usr/local/go

如果你看到GOPATH为空:

在计算机的任何位置为go项目创建任意目录,在我的例子中是:~/GO_PROJECTS 然后导出GOPATH=~/GO_PROJECTS

具体到GOROOT, Go 1.9会自动将其设置到其安装路径。 即使你安装了多个Go,调用1.9。xone将GOROOT设置为/path/到/go/1.9(之前,如果没有设置,它假设默认路径为/usr/local/go或c:\ go)。

参见CL Go Review 53370:

The go tool will now use the path from which it was invoked to attempt to locate the root of the Go install tree. This means that if the entire Go installation is moved to a new location, the go tool should continue to work as usual. This may be overriden by setting GOROOT in the environment, which should only be done in unusual circumstances. Note that this does not affect the result of the runtime.GOROOT() function, which will continue to report the original installation location; this may be fixed in later releases.

在cmd/go文档中讨论了GOPATH:

GOPATH环境变量列出了寻找Go代码的位置。在 Unix,值是一个冒号分隔的字符串。Windows操作系统为 以分号分隔的字符串。在Plan 9中,取值为列表。 必须将GOPATH设置为在外部获取、构建和安装包 标准围棋树。

安装说明中讨论了GOROOT:

The Go binary distributions assume they will be installed in /usr/local/go (or c:\Go under Windows), but it is possible to install the Go tools to a different location. In this case you must set the GOROOT environment variable to point to the directory in which it was installed. For example, if you installed Go to your home directory you should add the following commands to $HOME/.profile: export GOROOT=$HOME/go export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin Note: GOROOT must be set only when installing to a custom location.

(更新版的克里斯·邦奇的回答。)

GOPATH的讨论如下:

GOPATH环境变量 GOPATH可以设置为一个以冒号分隔的路径列表,其中Go 可以找到代码、包对象和可执行文件。 设置GOPATH使用goinstall来构建和安装您自己的代码和 Go树之外的外部库(并避免写入 makefile)。

这里讨论的是GOROOT:

$GOROOT Go树的根,通常是$HOME/ Go。默认为 目录的父目录。Bash运行。如果你选择不去的话 设置$GOROOT时,必须运行gomake而不是make或gmake 使用传统的makefile开发Go程序。

以下是我的简单设置:

directory for go related things: ~/programming/go
directory for go compiler/tools: ~/programming/go/go-1.4
directory for go software      : ~/programming/go/packages

GOROOT、GOPATH、PATH的设置如下:

export GOROOT=/home/user/programming/go/go-1.4
export GOPATH=/home/user/programming/go/packages
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin

所以,简而言之:

GOROOT是编译器/工具,来自go安装。 GOPATH是为你自己的项目/第三方库(下载“go get”)。