我知道这个问题很老了，但是现在我们可以在没有WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限的情况下实现相同的结果。而不是我们可以使用文件提供程序。

private fun storeBitmap(bitmap: Bitmap, file: File){
        requireContext().getUriForFile(file)?.run {
            requireContext().contentResolver.openOutputStream(this)?.run {
                bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, this)
                close()
            }
        }
    }

如何从提供者检索文件?

fun Context.getUriForFile(file: File): Uri? {
        return FileProvider.getUriForFile(
            this,
            "$packageName.fileprovider",
            file
        )
    }

另外，不要忘记在Android manifest中注册你的提供商

<provider
        android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
        android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileprovider"
        android:exported="false"
        android:grantUriPermissions="true">
        <meta-data
            android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
            android:resource="@xml/file_paths"/>
    </provider>

您应该使用Bitmap.compress()方法将位图保存为文件。它将压缩(如果所使用的格式允许的话)您的图片并将其推入OutputStream。

下面是一个通过getImageBitmap(myurl)获得的位图实例，可以压缩为JPEG，压缩率为85%:

// Assume block needs to be inside a Try/Catch block.
String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
OutputStream fOut = null;
Integer counter = 0;
File file = new File(path, "FitnessGirl"+counter+".jpg"); // the File to save , append increasing numeric counter to prevent files from getting overwritten.
fOut = new FileOutputStream(file);

Bitmap pictureBitmap = getImageBitmap(myurl); // obtaining the Bitmap
pictureBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 85, fOut); // saving the Bitmap to a file compressed as a JPEG with 85% compression rate
fOut.flush(); // Not really required
fOut.close(); // do not forget to close the stream

MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(getContentResolver(),file.getAbsolutePath(),file.getName(),file.getName());

您想要保存位图到您选择的目录。我做了一个ImageWorker库，使用户能够加载，保存和转换位图/绘图/base64图像。

最小SDK - 14

先决条件

保存文件需要WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限。 检索文件需要READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限。

储蓄位图/ Drawable Base64

ImageWorker.to(context).
    directory("ImageWorker").
    subDirectory("SubDirectory").
    setFileName("Image").
    withExtension(Extension.PNG).
    save(sourceBitmap,85)

加载位图

val bitmap: Bitmap? = ImageWorker.from(context).
    directory("ImageWorker").
    subDirectory("SubDirectory").
    setFileName("Image").
    withExtension(Extension.PNG).
    load()

实现

添加依赖关系

在项目级别Gradle

allprojects {
        repositories {
            ...
            maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
        }
    }

在应用级Gradle

dependencies {
            implementation 'com.github.ihimanshurawat:ImageWorker:0.51'
    }

你可以在https://github.com/ihimanshurawat/ImageWorker/blob/master/README.md上阅读更多

我还想保存一张图片。但是我的问题(?)是我想从我画的位图中保存它。

我是这样写的:

 @Override
 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
            switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case R.id.save_sign:      

                myView.save();
                break;

            }
            return false;    

    }

public void save() {
            String filename;
            Date date = new Date(0);
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat ("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
            filename =  sdf.format(date);

            try{
                 String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
                 OutputStream fOut = null;
                 File file = new File(path, "/DCIM/Signatures/"+filename+".jpg");
                 fOut = new FileOutputStream(file);

                 mBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 85, fOut);
                 fOut.flush();
                 fOut.close();

                 MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(getContentResolver()
                 ,file.getAbsolutePath(),file.getName(),file.getName());

            }catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

 }

在onActivityResult:

String filename = "pippo.png";
File sd = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
File dest = new File(sd, filename);

Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap)data.getExtras().get("data");
try {
     FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dest);
     bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 90, out);
     out.flush();
     out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
}

为视频创建一个视频缩略图。如果视频损坏或格式不支持，它可能返回null。

private void makeVideoPreview() {
    Bitmap thumbnail = ThumbnailUtils.createVideoThumbnail(videoAbsolutePath, MediaStore.Images.Thumbnails.MINI_KIND);
    saveImage(thumbnail);
}

使用以下代码将位图保存在sdcard中

商店形象

private void storeImage(Bitmap image) {
    File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile();
    if (pictureFile == null) {
        Log.d(TAG,
                "Error creating media file, check storage permissions: ");// e.getMessage());
        return;
    } 
    try {
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);
        image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 90, fos);
        fos.close();
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        Log.d(TAG, "File not found: " + e.getMessage());
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.d(TAG, "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());
    }  
}

获取图像存储路径

/** Create a File for saving an image or video */
private  File getOutputMediaFile(){
    // To be safe, you should check that the SDCard is mounted
    // using Environment.getExternalStorageState() before doing this. 
    File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
            + "/Android/data/"
            + getApplicationContext().getPackageName()
            + "/Files"); 

    // This location works best if you want the created images to be shared
    // between applications and persist after your app has been uninstalled.

    // Create the storage directory if it does not exist
    if (! mediaStorageDir.exists()){
        if (! mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()){
            return null;
        }
    } 
    // Create a media file name
    String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("ddMMyyyy_HHmm").format(new Date());
    File mediaFile;
        String mImageName="MI_"+ timeStamp +".jpg";
        mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator + mImageName);  
    return mediaFile;
}