我在我的项目中使用JPA。
我遇到一个查询，我需要对五个表进行连接操作。因此，我创建了一个返回五个字段的本机查询。
现在我想将结果对象转换为java POJO类，其中包含相同的五个字符串。
在JPA中有任何方法可以直接将结果转换为POJO对象列表吗??
我想出了如下的解决办法。
@NamedNativeQueries({
@NamedNativeQuery(
name = "nativeSQL",
query = "SELECT * FROM Actors",
resultClass = db.Actor.class),
@NamedNativeQuery(
name = "nativeSQL2",
query = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Actors",
resultClass = XXXXX) // <--------------- problem
})
现在在resultClass中，我们需要提供一个实际的JPA实体类吗?
或
我们可以将其转换为包含相同列名的任何JAVA POJO类?
参见下面的示例，使用POJO作为伪实体从本机查询检索结果，而不使用复杂的SqlResultSetMapping。只需要两个注释，一个裸露的@Enity和一个假的@Id在你的POJO。@Id可以用于您选择的任何字段，@Id字段可以有重复的键，但不能为空值。
因为@Enity不映射到任何物理表，所以这个POJO被称为伪实体。
环境:eclipselink 2.5.0-RC1, jpa-2.1.0, mysql-connector-java-5.1.14
您可以在这里下载完整的maven项目
本机查询是基于mysql的样本雇员数据库
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/employee/en/employees-installation.html
persistence . xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.1"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="jpa-mysql" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<class>org.moonwave.jpa.model.pojo.Employee</class>
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/employees" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="user" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="***" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
Employee.java
package org.moonwave.jpa.model.pojo;
@Entity
public class Employee {
@Id
protected Long empNo;
protected String firstName;
protected String lastName;
protected String title;
public Long getEmpNo() {
return empNo;
}
public void setEmpNo(Long empNo) {
this.empNo = empNo;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("empNo: ").append(empNo);
sb.append(", firstName: ").append(firstName);
sb.append(", lastName: ").append(lastName);
sb.append(", title: ").append(title);
return sb.toString();
}
}
EmployeeNativeQuery.java
public class EmployeeNativeQuery {
private EntityManager em;
private EntityManagerFactory emf;
public void setUp() throws Exception {
emf=Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("jpa-mysql");
em=emf.createEntityManager();
}
public void tearDown()throws Exception {
em.close();
emf.close();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void query() {
Query query = em.createNativeQuery("select e.emp_no as empNo, e.first_name as firstName, e.last_name as lastName," +
"t.title from employees e join titles t on e.emp_no = t.emp_no", Employee.class);
query.setMaxResults(30);
List<Employee> list = (List<Employee>) query.getResultList();
int i = 0;
for (Object emp : list) {
System.out.println(++i + ": " + emp.toString());
}
}
public static void main( String[] args ) {
EmployeeNativeQuery test = new EmployeeNativeQuery();
try {
test.setUp();
test.query();
test.tearDown();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
最简单的方法就是使用投影。它可以将查询结果直接映射到接口，并且比使用SqlResultSetMapping更容易实现。
一个例子如下所示:
@Repository
public interface PeopleRepository extends JpaRepository<People, Long> {
@Query(value = "SELECT p.name AS name, COUNT(dp.people_id) AS count " +
"FROM people p INNER JOIN dream_people dp " +
"ON p.id = dp.people_id " +
"WHERE p.user_id = :userId " +
"GROUP BY dp.people_id " +
"ORDER BY p.name", nativeQuery = true)
List<PeopleDTO> findByPeopleAndCountByUserId(@Param("userId") Long userId);
@Query(value = "SELECT p.name AS name, COUNT(dp.people_id) AS count " +
"FROM people p INNER JOIN dream_people dp " +
"ON p.id = dp.people_id " +
"WHERE p.user_id = :userId " +
"GROUP BY dp.people_id " +
"ORDER BY p.name", nativeQuery = true)
Page<PeopleDTO> findByPeopleAndCountByUserId(@Param("userId") Long userId, Pageable pageable);
}
// Interface to which result is projected
public interface PeopleDTO {
String getName();
Long getCount();
}
投影接口中的字段必须与该实体中的字段匹配。否则字段映射可能会中断。
同样，如果你使用SELECT表。列表示法总是定义与实体名称匹配的别名，如示例所示。
使用DTO设计模式。它在EJB 2.0中使用。实体由容器管理。采用DTO设计模式来解决这一问题。
但是，当应用程序分别开发服务器端和客户端时，现在可能会使用它。DTO用于服务器端不想将带有注释的实体传递/返回给客户端。
DTO示例:
PersonEntity.java
@Entity
public class PersonEntity {
@Id
private String id;
private String address;
public PersonEntity(){
}
public PersonEntity(String id, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.address = address;
}
//getter and setter
}
PersonDTO.java
public class PersonDTO {
private String id;
private String address;
public PersonDTO() {
}
public PersonDTO(String id, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.address = address;
}
//getter and setter
}
DTOBuilder.java
public class DTOBuilder() {
public static PersonDTO buildPersonDTO(PersonEntity person) {
return new PersonDTO(person.getId(). person.getAddress());
}
}
java <——可能需要
public class EntityBuilder() {
public static PersonEntity buildPersonEntity(PersonDTO person) {
return new PersonEntity(person.getId(). person.getAddress());
}
}
使用Hibernate:
@Transactional(readOnly=true)
public void accessUser() {
EntityManager em = repo.getEntityManager();
org.hibernate.Session session = em.unwrap(org.hibernate.Session.class);
org.hibernate.SQLQuery q = (org.hibernate.SQLQuery) session.createSQLQuery("SELECT u.username, u.name, u.email, 'blabla' as passe, login_type as loginType FROM users u").addScalar("username", StringType.INSTANCE).addScalar("name", StringType.INSTANCE).addScalar("email", StringType.INSTANCE).addScalar("passe", StringType.INSTANCE).addScalar("loginType", IntegerType.INSTANCE)
.setResultTransformer(Transformers.aliasToBean(User2DTO.class));
List<User2DTO> userList = q.list();
}
