我在我的项目中使用JPA。
我遇到一个查询，我需要对五个表进行连接操作。因此，我创建了一个返回五个字段的本机查询。
现在我想将结果对象转换为java POJO类，其中包含相同的五个字符串。
在JPA中有任何方法可以直接将结果转换为POJO对象列表吗??
我想出了如下的解决办法。
@NamedNativeQueries({
@NamedNativeQuery(
name = "nativeSQL",
query = "SELECT * FROM Actors",
resultClass = db.Actor.class),
@NamedNativeQuery(
name = "nativeSQL2",
query = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Actors",
resultClass = XXXXX) // <--------------- problem
})
现在在resultClass中，我们需要提供一个实际的JPA实体类吗?
或
我们可以将其转换为包含相同列名的任何JAVA POJO类?
如果希望将自定义查询结果直接映射到实体，而不需要编写任何映射代码，可以尝试这种方式。根据我的经验，这是最方便的方法，但缺点是失去了hibernate ddl-auto的好处:
Disable hibernate validation by removing the hibernate.ddl-auto. If not doing this, hibernate can complain about missing table in database.
Create a pojo with @Entity for the custom result set without table mapping, something like:
@Getter
@Setter
@Entity
public class MyCustomeResult implements Serializable {
@Id
private Long id;
@Column(name = "name")
private String name;
}
In repository, use the entity to map directly from query.getResultList()
public List<MyCustomeResult> findByExampleCustomQuery(Long test) {
String sql = "select id, name from examples where id =:test";
Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery(sql, MyCustomeResult.class);
return query.setParameter("test", test).getResultList();
}
使用DTO设计模式。它在EJB 2.0中使用。实体由容器管理。采用DTO设计模式来解决这一问题。
但是，当应用程序分别开发服务器端和客户端时，现在可能会使用它。DTO用于服务器端不想将带有注释的实体传递/返回给客户端。
DTO示例:
PersonEntity.java
@Entity
public class PersonEntity {
@Id
private String id;
private String address;
public PersonEntity(){
}
public PersonEntity(String id, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.address = address;
}
//getter and setter
}
PersonDTO.java
public class PersonDTO {
private String id;
private String address;
public PersonDTO() {
}
public PersonDTO(String id, String address) {
this.id = id;
this.address = address;
}
//getter and setter
}
DTOBuilder.java
public class DTOBuilder() {
public static PersonDTO buildPersonDTO(PersonEntity person) {
return new PersonDTO(person.getId(). person.getAddress());
}
}
java <——可能需要
public class EntityBuilder() {
public static PersonEntity buildPersonEntity(PersonDTO person) {
return new PersonEntity(person.getId(). person.getAddress());
}
}
参见下面的示例，使用POJO作为伪实体从本机查询检索结果，而不使用复杂的SqlResultSetMapping。只需要两个注释，一个裸露的@Enity和一个假的@Id在你的POJO。@Id可以用于您选择的任何字段，@Id字段可以有重复的键，但不能为空值。
因为@Enity不映射到任何物理表，所以这个POJO被称为伪实体。
环境:eclipselink 2.5.0-RC1, jpa-2.1.0, mysql-connector-java-5.1.14
您可以在这里下载完整的maven项目
本机查询是基于mysql的样本雇员数据库
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/employee/en/employees-installation.html
persistence . xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.1"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="jpa-mysql" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<class>org.moonwave.jpa.model.pojo.Employee</class>
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/employees" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="user" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="***" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
Employee.java
package org.moonwave.jpa.model.pojo;
@Entity
public class Employee {
@Id
protected Long empNo;
protected String firstName;
protected String lastName;
protected String title;
public Long getEmpNo() {
return empNo;
}
public void setEmpNo(Long empNo) {
this.empNo = empNo;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("empNo: ").append(empNo);
sb.append(", firstName: ").append(firstName);
sb.append(", lastName: ").append(lastName);
sb.append(", title: ").append(title);
return sb.toString();
}
}
EmployeeNativeQuery.java
public class EmployeeNativeQuery {
private EntityManager em;
private EntityManagerFactory emf;
public void setUp() throws Exception {
emf=Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("jpa-mysql");
em=emf.createEntityManager();
}
public void tearDown()throws Exception {
em.close();
emf.close();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void query() {
Query query = em.createNativeQuery("select e.emp_no as empNo, e.first_name as firstName, e.last_name as lastName," +
"t.title from employees e join titles t on e.emp_no = t.emp_no", Employee.class);
query.setMaxResults(30);
List<Employee> list = (List<Employee>) query.getResultList();
int i = 0;
for (Object emp : list) {
System.out.println(++i + ": " + emp.toString());
}
}
public static void main( String[] args ) {
EmployeeNativeQuery test = new EmployeeNativeQuery();
try {
test.setUp();
test.query();
test.tearDown();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
在这种情况下，使用“数据库视图”这样的实体也就是不可变实体是非常容易的。
正常的实体
@Entity
@Table(name = "people")
data class Person(
@Id
val id: Long = -1,
val firstName: String = "",
val lastName: String? = null
)
视图类实体
@Entity
@Immutable
@Subselect("""
select
p.id,
concat(p.first_name, ' ', p.last_name) as full_name
from people p
""")
data class PersonMin(
@Id
val id: Long,
val fullName: String,
)
在任何存储库中，我们都可以像这样创建查询函数/方法:
@Query(value = "select p from PersonMin p")
fun findPeopleMinimum(pageable: Pageable): Page<PersonMin>
