我一直在尝试用我正在做的一个node.js项目来设置HTTPS。我基本上遵循了这个例子的node.js文档:
// curl -k https://localhost:8000/
var https = require('https');
var fs = require('fs');
var options = {
key: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-key.pem'),
cert: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-cert.pem')
};
https.createServer(options, function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(200);
res.end("hello world\n");
}).listen(8000);
现在，当我做的时候
curl -k https://localhost:8000/
我得到
hello world
像预期的那样。但如果我这样做了
curl -k http://localhost:8000/
我得到
curl: (52) Empty reply from server
回想起来，这似乎是显而易见的，它将以这种方式工作，但与此同时，最终访问我的项目的人不会输入https://yadayada，我希望所有的流量从他们访问网站的那一刻起就使用https。
我怎么能得到节点(和Express，因为这是我正在使用的框架)把所有传入的流量交给https，不管它是否被指定?我还没有找到任何解决这个问题的文档。或者只是假设在生产环境中，节点在它前面有一些东西(例如nginx)来处理这种重定向?
这是我第一次尝试web开发，所以如果这是显而易见的，请原谅我的无知。
这个答案需要更新以与Express 4.0一起工作。下面是我如何让单独的http服务器工作:
var express = require('express');
var http = require('http');
var https = require('https');
// Primary https app
var app = express()
var port = process.env.PORT || 3000;
app.set('env', 'development');
app.set('port', port);
var router = express.Router();
app.use('/', router);
// ... other routes here
var certOpts = {
key: '/path/to/key.pem',
cert: '/path/to/cert.pem'
};
var server = https.createServer(certOpts, app);
server.listen(port, function(){
console.log('Express server listening to port '+port);
});
// Secondary http app
var httpApp = express();
var httpRouter = express.Router();
httpApp.use('*', httpRouter);
httpRouter.get('*', function(req, res){
var host = req.get('Host');
// replace the port in the host
host = host.replace(/:\d+$/, ":"+app.get('port'));
// determine the redirect destination
var destination = ['https://', host, req.url].join('');
return res.redirect(destination);
});
var httpServer = http.createServer(httpApp);
httpServer.listen(8080);
这招对我很管用:
/* Headers */
require('./security/Headers/HeadersOptions').Headers(app);
/* Server */
const ssl = {
key: fs.readFileSync('security/ssl/cert.key'),
cert: fs.readFileSync('security/ssl/cert.pem')
};
//https server
https.createServer(ssl, app).listen(443, '192.168.1.2' && 443, '127.0.0.1');
//http server
app.listen(80, '192.168.1.2' && 80, '127.0.0.1');
app.use(function(req, res, next) {
if(req.secure){
next();
}else{
res.redirect('https://' + req.headers.host + req.url);
}
});
建议在重定向到https之前添加头
现在，当你这样做时:
curl http://127.0.0.1 --include
你会得到:
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
//
Location: https://127.0.0.1/
Vary: Accept
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 40
Date: Thu, 04 Jul 2019 09:57:34 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
Found. Redirecting to https://127.0.0.1/
我使用快捷4.17.1
莱恩，谢谢你给我指明了方向。我用一些代码充实了你的答案(第二段)，它是有效的。在这个场景中，这些代码片段被放在我的express应用程序中:
// set up plain http server
var http = express();
// set up a route to redirect http to https
http.get('*', function(req, res) {
res.redirect('https://' + req.headers.host + req.url);
// Or, if you don't want to automatically detect the domain name from the request header, you can hard code it:
// res.redirect('https://example.com' + req.url);
})
// have it listen on 8080
http.listen(8080);
https express服务器监听3000上的ATM。我设置了这些iptables规则，这样节点就不必以root用户运行:
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3000
总的来说，这和我想要的完全一样。
为了防止通过HTTP窃取cookie，请参阅以下答案(来自评论)或使用以下代码:
const session = require('cookie-session');
app.use(
session({
secret: "some secret",
httpOnly: true, // Don't let browser javascript access cookies.
secure: true, // Only use cookies over https.
})
);
如果你遵循传统端口，因为HTTP默认尝试端口80,HTTPS默认尝试端口443，你可以简单地在同一台机器上有两个服务器:
代码如下:
var https = require('https');
var fs = require('fs');
var options = {
key: fs.readFileSync('./key.pem'),
cert: fs.readFileSync('./cert.pem')
};
https.createServer(options, function (req, res) {
res.end('secure!');
}).listen(443);
// Redirect from http port 80 to https
var http = require('http');
http.createServer(function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(301, { "Location": "https://" + req.headers['host'] + req.url });
res.end();
}).listen(80);
使用https测试:
$ curl https://127.0.0.1 -k
secure!
与http:
$ curl http://127.0.0.1 -i
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://127.0.0.1/
Date: Sun, 01 Jun 2014 06:15:16 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
更多细节:Nodejs HTTP和HTTPS通过相同的端口
