我一直在尝试用我正在做的一个node.js项目来设置HTTPS。我基本上遵循了这个例子的node.js文档:
// curl -k https://localhost:8000/
var https = require('https');
var fs = require('fs');
var options = {
key: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-key.pem'),
cert: fs.readFileSync('test/fixtures/keys/agent2-cert.pem')
};
https.createServer(options, function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(200);
res.end("hello world\n");
}).listen(8000);
现在，当我做的时候
curl -k https://localhost:8000/
我得到
hello world
像预期的那样。但如果我这样做了
curl -k http://localhost:8000/
我得到
curl: (52) Empty reply from server
回想起来，这似乎是显而易见的，它将以这种方式工作，但与此同时，最终访问我的项目的人不会输入https://yadayada，我希望所有的流量从他们访问网站的那一刻起就使用https。
我怎么能得到节点(和Express，因为这是我正在使用的框架)把所有传入的流量交给https，不管它是否被指定?我还没有找到任何解决这个问题的文档。或者只是假设在生产环境中，节点在它前面有一些东西(例如nginx)来处理这种重定向?
这是我第一次尝试web开发，所以如果这是显而易见的，请原谅我的无知。
经过多年研究从http到https的完美重定向，我在这里找到了完美的解决方案。
const http = require("http");
const https = require("https");
const { parse } = require("url");
const next = require("next");
const fs = require("fs");
const ports = {
http: 3000,
https: 3001
}
const dev = process.env.NODE_ENV !== "production";
const app = next({ dev });
const handle = app.getRequestHandler();
const httpsOptions = {
key: fs.readFileSync("resources/certificates/localhost-key.pem"),
cert: fs.readFileSync("resources/certificates/localhost.pem")
};
// Automatic HTTPS connection/redirect with node.js/express
// source: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7450940/automatic-https-
connection-redirect-with-node-js-express
app.prepare().then(() => {
// Redirect from http port to https
http.createServer(function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(301, { "Location": "https://" + req.headers['host'].replace(ports.http, ports.https) + req.url });
console.log("http request, will go to >> ");
console.log("https://" + req.headers['host'].replace(ports.http, ports.https) + req.url);
res.end();
}).listen(ports.http, (err) => {
if (err) throw err;
console.log("ready - started server on url: http://localhost:" + ports.http);
});
https.createServer(httpsOptions, (req, res) => {
const parsedUrl = parse(req.url, true);
handle(req, res, parsedUrl);
}).listen(ports.https, (err) => {
if (err) throw err;
console.log("ready - started server on url: https://localhost:" + ports.https);
});
});
莱恩，谢谢你给我指明了方向。我用一些代码充实了你的答案(第二段)，它是有效的。在这个场景中，这些代码片段被放在我的express应用程序中:
// set up plain http server
var http = express();
// set up a route to redirect http to https
http.get('*', function(req, res) {
res.redirect('https://' + req.headers.host + req.url);
// Or, if you don't want to automatically detect the domain name from the request header, you can hard code it:
// res.redirect('https://example.com' + req.url);
})
// have it listen on 8080
http.listen(8080);
https express服务器监听3000上的ATM。我设置了这些iptables规则，这样节点就不必以root用户运行:
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3000
总的来说，这和我想要的完全一样。
为了防止通过HTTP窃取cookie，请参阅以下答案(来自评论)或使用以下代码:
const session = require('cookie-session');
app.use(
session({
secret: "some secret",
httpOnly: true, // Don't let browser javascript access cookies.
secure: true, // Only use cookies over https.
})
);
