经过多年研究从http到https的完美重定向，我在这里找到了完美的解决方案。

const http = require("http");
const https = require("https");

const { parse } = require("url");
const next = require("next");
const fs = require("fs");

const ports = {
http: 3000,
https: 3001
}

const dev = process.env.NODE_ENV !== "production";
const app = next({ dev });
const handle = app.getRequestHandler();

const httpsOptions = {
key: fs.readFileSync("resources/certificates/localhost-key.pem"),
cert: fs.readFileSync("resources/certificates/localhost.pem")
};

// Automatic HTTPS connection/redirect with node.js/express
// source: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7450940/automatic-https- 
connection-redirect-with-node-js-express
app.prepare().then(() => {

// Redirect from http port to https
http.createServer(function (req, res) {
    res.writeHead(301, { "Location": "https://" + req.headers['host'].replace(ports.http, ports.https) + req.url });
    console.log("http request, will go to >> ");
    console.log("https://" + req.headers['host'].replace(ports.http, ports.https) + req.url);
    res.end();
}).listen(ports.http, (err) => {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log("ready - started server on url: http://localhost:" + ports.http);
});

https.createServer(httpsOptions, (req, res) => {
    const parsedUrl = parse(req.url, true);
    handle(req, res, parsedUrl);
}).listen(ports.https, (err) => {
    if (err) throw err;
    console.log("ready - started server on url: https://localhost:" + ports.https);
});
});

这对我来说是有效的:

app.get("*",(req,res,next) => {
    if (req.headers["x-forwarded-proto"]) {
        res.redirect("https://" + req.headers.host + req.url)
    }
    if (!res.headersSent) {
        next()
    }
})

把它放在所有HTTP处理程序之前。

莱恩，谢谢你给我指明了方向。我用一些代码充实了你的答案(第二段)，它是有效的。在这个场景中，这些代码片段被放在我的express应用程序中:

// set up plain http server
var http = express();

// set up a route to redirect http to https
http.get('*', function(req, res) {  
    res.redirect('https://' + req.headers.host + req.url);

    // Or, if you don't want to automatically detect the domain name from the request header, you can hard code it:
    // res.redirect('https://example.com' + req.url);
})

// have it listen on 8080
http.listen(8080);

https express服务器监听3000上的ATM。我设置了这些iptables规则，这样节点就不必以root用户运行:

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3000

总的来说，这和我想要的完全一样。

为了防止通过HTTP窃取cookie，请参阅以下答案(来自评论)或使用以下代码:

const session = require('cookie-session');
app.use(
  session({
    secret: "some secret",
    httpOnly: true,  // Don't let browser javascript access cookies.
    secure: true, // Only use cookies over https.
  })
);

从0.4.12开始，我们还没有使用Node的HTTP/HTTPS服务器在同一个端口上监听HTTP和HTTPS的真正干净的方法。

有些人通过让Node的HTTPS服务器(这也适用于Express.js)侦听443(或其他端口)，并让一个小型http服务器绑定到80并将用户重定向到安全端口来解决这个问题。

如果你必须能够在一个端口上处理这两个协议，那么你需要把nginx, lighttpd, apache，或其他一些web服务器放在那个端口上，并充当Node的反向代理。

杰克的答案更新了代码。在https服务器旁边运行这个程序。

// set up plain http server
var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var http = require('http');

var server = http.createServer(app);

// set up a route to redirect http to https
app.get('*', function(req, res) {
  res.redirect('https://' + req.headers.host + req.url);
})

// have it listen on 80
server.listen(80);

var express = require('express');
var app = express();

app.get('*',function (req, res) {
    res.redirect('https://<domain>' + req.url);
});

app.listen(80);

这就是我们所使用的，而且效果非常好!