使用axios进行API调用的函数:

function getFileToDownload (apiUrl) {
   return axios.get(apiUrl, {
     responseType: 'arraybuffer',
     headers: {
       'Content-Type': 'application/json'
     }
   })
}

调用函数，然后下载excel文件:

getFileToDownload('putApiUrlHere')
  .then (response => {
      const type = response.headers['content-type']
      const blob = new Blob([response.data], { type: type, encoding: 'UTF-8' })
      const link = document.createElement('a')
      link.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)
      link.download = 'file.xlsx'
      link.click()
  })

这个函数将帮助您下载一个现成的xlsx, csv等文件下载。我只是从后端发送一个就绪的xlsx静态文件，它在反应。

const downloadFabricFormat = async () => {
    try{
      await axios({
        url: '/api/fabric/fabric_excel_format/',
        method: 'GET',
        responseType: 'blob',
      }).then((response) => {
         const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([response.data]));
         const link = document.createElement('a');
         link.href = url;
         link.setAttribute('download', 'Fabric Excel Format.xlsx');
         document.body.appendChild(link);
         link.click();
      });
    } catch(error){
      console.log(error)
    }
  };

Axios。后解决方案与IE和其他浏览器

我在这里找到了一些不可思议的解决方案。但他们通常不会考虑IE浏览器的问题。也许这样可以为别人节省一些时间。

axios.post("/yourUrl",
    data,
    { responseType: 'blob' }
).then(function (response) {
    let fileName = response.headers["content-disposition"].split("filename=")[1];
    if (window.navigator && window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob) { // IE variant
        window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(new Blob([response.data],
                { type: 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet' }
            ),
            fileName
        );
    } else {
        const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([response.data],
            { type: 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet' }));
        const link = document.createElement('a');
        link.href = url;
        link.setAttribute('download',
            response.headers["content-disposition"].split("filename=")[1]);
        document.body.appendChild(link);
        link.click();
    }
    }
);

上面的例子适用于excel文件，但是稍加改变就可以应用于任何格式。

在服务器上，我这样做是为了发送一个excel文件。

response.contentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"

response.addHeader(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION, "attachment; filename=exceptions.xlsx")

我有一个问题，我从axios const axiosResponse = await axios.get(pdf.url)传输到谷歌驱动器googleDrive.files。create({media: {body: axiosResponse.)data, mimeType}， requestBody: {name: fileName, parents: [parentFolder]， mimeType}， auth: jwtClient})上传一个损坏的文件。

文件损坏的原因是axios转换了axiosResponse。数据转换为字符串。为了解决这个问题，我必须要求axios返回一个axios.get流。url， {responseType: 'stream'})。

有几个关键点大部分答案都被忽略了。

我将在这里进行更深入的解释。

TLDR;

如果您正在创建一个标记链接并通过浏览器请求启动下载，那么

总是调用window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);。否则就会有 不必要的内存尖峰。 不需要使用document.body. appendchild (link);将创建的链接附加到文档主体，从而避免以后不必要地删除子链接。

---

有关组件代码和更深入的分析，请进一步阅读

首先要弄清楚试图从中下载数据的API端点是公共的还是私有的。你能控制服务器吗?

---

如果服务器响应

Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=dummy.pdf
Content-Type: application/pdf

浏览器总是会尝试下载名称为'dummy.pdf'的文件

---

如果服务器响应

Content-Disposition: inline; filename=dummy.pdf
Content-Type: application/pdf

浏览器将首先尝试打开一个本地文件阅读器，如果名称为'dummy.pdf'，否则它将开始下载文件。

---

如果服务器没有响应以上两个头

如果没有设置下载属性，浏览器(至少chrome)将尝试打开该文件。如果设置，它将下载文件。在url不是blob的情况下，文件名将是最后一个路径参数的值。

---

除此之外，请记住使用transfer - encoding:从服务器传输大量数据。这将确保客户端知道在缺少Content-Length报头的情况下何时停止读取当前请求

私人档案

import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import axios from "axios";

export default function DownloadPrivateFile(props) {
  const [download, setDownload] = useState(false);

  useEffect(() => {
    async function downloadApi() {
      try {
        // It doesn't matter whether this api responds with the Content-Disposition header or not
        const response = await axios.get(
          "http://localhost:9000/api/v1/service/email/attachment/1mbdoc.docx",
          {
            responseType: "blob", // this is important!
            headers: { Authorization: "sometoken" },
          }
        );
        const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([response.data])); // you can mention a type if you wish
        const link = document.createElement("a");
        link.href = url;
        link.setAttribute("download", "dummy.docx"); //this is the name with which the file will be downloaded
        link.click();
        // no need to append link as child to body.
        setTimeout(() => window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url), 0); // this is important too, otherwise we will be unnecessarily spiking memory!
        setDownload(false);
      } catch (e) {} //error handling }
    }

    if (download) {
      downloadApi();
    }
  }, [download]);

  return <button onClick={() => setDownload(true)}>Download Private</button>;
}

公共档案

import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
export default function DownloadPublicFile(props) {
  const [download, setDownload] = useState(false);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (download) {
      const link = document.createElement("a");
      link.href =
        "http://localhost:9000/api/v1/service/email/attachment/dummy.pdf";
      link.setAttribute("download", "dummy.pdf");
      link.click();
      setDownload(false);
    }
  }, [download]);

  return <button onClick={() => setDownload(true)}>Download Public</button>;
}

很高兴知道:

Always control file downloads from server. Axios in the browser uses XHR under the hood, in which streaming of responses is not supported. Use onDownloadProgress method from Axios to implement progress bar. Chunked responses from server do not ( cannot ) indicate Content-Length. Hence you need some way of knowing the response size if you are using them while building a progress bar. <a> tag links can only make GET HTTP requests without any ability to send headers or cookies to the server (ideal for downloading from public endpoints) Brower request is slightly different from XHR request made in code.

参考:AJAX请求和常规浏览器请求之间的区别

诀窍是在render()中创建一个不可见的锚标记，并添加一个React ref，允许在我们有axios响应时触发单击:

class Example extends Component {
    state = {
        ref: React.createRef()
    }

    exportCSV = () => {
        axios.get(
            '/app/export'
        ).then(response => {
            let blob = new Blob([response.data], {type: 'application/octet-stream'})
            let ref = this.state.ref
            ref.current.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob)
            ref.current.download = 'data.csv'
            ref.current.click()
        })
    }

    render(){
        return(
            <div>
                <a style={{display: 'none'}} href='empty' ref={this.state.ref}>ref</a>
                <button onClick={this.exportCSV}>Export CSV</button>
            </div>
        )
    }
}

以下是文档:https://reactjs.org/docs/refs-and-the-dom.html。你可以在这里找到类似的想法:https://thewebtier.com/snippets/download-files-with-axios/。