我在Android 8.0 Oreo的联系人簿中检索联系人时遇到了这个问题:只有全屏不透明的活动才能请求方向

我正在尝试从电话联系簿中获取我的活动中的联系人,它对棒棒糖、棉花糖、牛轧糖等都非常有效,但它会给我奥利奥这样的错误,请帮助我。我的代码在下面。

演示代码:-

private void loadContacts() {
            contactAsync = new ContactLoaderAsync();
            contactAsync.execute();
        }

        private class ContactLoaderAsync extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
            private Cursor numCursor;

            @Override
            protected void onPreExecute() {
                super.onPreExecute();
                Uri numContacts = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI;
                String[] numProjection = new String[]{ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE};
                if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 11) {
                    numCursor = InviteByContactActivity.this.managedQuery(numContacts, numProjection, null, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME + " COLLATE NOCASE ASC");
                } else {
                    CursorLoader cursorLoader = new CursorLoader(InviteByContactActivity.this, numContacts, numProjection, null, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME + " COLLATE NOCASE ASC");
                    numCursor = cursorLoader.loadInBackground();
                }

            }

            @Override
            protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
                if (numCursor.moveToFirst()) {
                    try {
                        final int contactIdIndex = numCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID);
                        final int displayNameIndex = numCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME);
                        final int numberIndex = numCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);
                        final int typeIndex = numCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE);
                        String displayName, number, type;
                        do {
                            displayName = numCursor.getString(displayNameIndex);
                            number = numCursor.getString(numberIndex);
                            type = getContactTypeString(numCursor.getString(typeIndex), true);
                            final ContactModel contact = new ContactModel(displayName, type, number);
                            phoneNumber = number.replaceAll(" ", "").replaceAll("\\(", "").replaceAll("\\)", "").replaceAll("-", "");

                            if (phoneNumber != null || displayName != null) {
                                contacts.add(phoneNumber);
                                contactsName.add(displayName);
                                contactsChecked.add(false);

                                filterdNames.add(phoneNumber);
                                filterdContactNames.add(displayName);
                                filterdCheckedNames.add(false);
                            }
                        } while (numCursor.moveToNext());
                    } finally {
                        numCursor.close();
                    }
                }


                Collections.sort(contacts, new Comparator<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public int compare(String lhs, String rhs) {
                        return lhs.compareToIgnoreCase(rhs);
                    }
                });

                InviteByContactActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        mContactAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                    }
                });

                return null;
            }
        }

        private String getContactTypeString(String typeNum, boolean isPhone) {
            String type = PHONE_TYPES.get(typeNum);
            if (type == null)
                return "other";
            return type;
        }

        static HashMap<String, String> PHONE_TYPES = new HashMap<String, String>();

        static {
            PHONE_TYPES.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE_HOME + "", "home");
            PHONE_TYPES.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE_MOBILE + "", "mobile");
            PHONE_TYPES.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE_WORK + "", "work");
        }
}

错误日志:

E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main Process: com.example, PID: 6573
                                                             java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example/com.example.Activity.InviteByContactActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation
                                                              Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation

当前回答

在manifest文件中,将第二个活动paren战术vityname设置为第一个活动,并删除第二个活动的screenOrientation参数。这意味着您的第一个活动是父活动,并决定您的第二个活动的方向。

<activity
        android:name=".view.FirstActiviy"
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" />

<activity
        android:name=".view.SecondActivity"
        android:parentActivityName=".view.FirstActiviy"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.Transparent" />

其他回答

如果你必须使用setRequestedOrientation(),除了牺牲Android 8.0上的windowIsTranslucent属性外别无他法

值\styles.xml为API级别25- (<8.0)

<style name="Base.Theme.DesignDemo" parent="Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light">
        ...
        <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
        ...
    </style>

Values-v26 \styles.xml用于API级别26 (=8.0)

<style name="Base.Theme.DesignDemo" parent="Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light">
    ...
    <!-- android 8.0(api26),Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation -->
    <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">false</item>
    ...
</style>

v27\styles.xml for API level 27+ (>8.0)

<style name="Base.Theme.DesignDemo" parent="Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light">
    ...
    <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
    ...
</style>

在Android O和以后,当你设置

 android:screenOrientation="portrait"

在清单。

去掉那条线,然后使用

 setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT);

在你的活动中。

这将解决你的问题。

许多人已经给出了解决方案,所以我将谈谈问题的根源。

根据异常日志:

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation
    at android.app.Activity.onCreate(Activity.java:1081)
    at android.support.v4.app.SupportActivity.onCreate(SupportActivity.java:66)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreate(FragmentActivity.java:297)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.onCreate(AppCompatActivity.java:84)
    at com.nut.blehunter.ui.DialogContainerActivity.onCreate(DialogContainerActivity.java:43)
    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7372)
    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1218)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3147)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3302) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap12(Unknown Source:0) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1891) 
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:108) 
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:166)

Activity.java中触发异常的代码

    //Need to pay attention mActivityInfo.isFixedOrientation() and ActivityInfo.isTranslucentOrFloating(ta)
    if (getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion >= O_MR1 && mActivityInfo.isFixedOrientation()) {
        final TypedArray ta = obtainStyledAttributes(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window);
        final boolean isTranslucentOrFloating = ActivityInfo.isTranslucentOrFloating(ta);
        ta.recycle();

        //Exception occurred
        if (isTranslucentOrFloating) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Only fullscreen opaque activities can request orientation");
        }
    }

mActivityInfo.isFixedOrientation ():

        /**
        * Returns true if the activity's orientation is fixed.
        * @hide
        */
        public boolean isFixedOrientation() {
            return isFixedOrientationLandscape() || isFixedOrientationPortrait()
                    || screenOrientation == SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LOCKED;
        }
        /**
        * Returns true if the activity's orientation is fixed to portrait.
        * @hide
        */
        boolean isFixedOrientationPortrait() {
            return isFixedOrientationPortrait(screenOrientation);
        }

        /**
        * Returns true if the activity's orientation is fixed to portrait.
        * @hide
        */
        public static boolean isFixedOrientationPortrait(@ScreenOrientation int orientation) {
            return orientation == SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT
                    || orientation == SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR_PORTRAIT
                    || orientation == SCREEN_ORIENTATION_REVERSE_PORTRAIT
                    || orientation == SCREEN_ORIENTATION_USER_PORTRAIT;
        }

        /**
        * Determines whether the {@link Activity} is considered translucent or floating.
        * @hide
        */
        public static boolean isTranslucentOrFloating(TypedArray attributes) {
            final boolean isTranslucent = attributes.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowIsTranslucent, false);
            final boolean isSwipeToDismiss = !attributes.hasValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowIsTranslucent)
                                            && attributes.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowSwipeToDismiss, false);
            final boolean isFloating = attributes.getBoolean(com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowIsFloating, false);
            return isFloating || isTranslucent || isSwipeToDismiss;
        }

根据上面的代码分析,当TargetSdkVersion>=27时,当使用SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE、SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT等相关属性时,使用windowIsTranslucent、windowIsFloating、windowSwipeToDismiss主题属性会触发异常。

发现问题后,您可以根据需要更改TargetSdkVersion或删除主题的相关属性。

谷歌在v27之后在Activity的onCreate方法上抛出这个异常,它们的意思是:如果一个Activity是半透明的或浮动的,它的方向应该依赖于父Activity(后台),不能自己做决定。

即使你从浮动或半透明的活动中删除android:screenOrientation="portrait",但在其父(背景)活动上固定方向,它仍然由父固定,我已经测试过了。

一个特殊的情况:如果你在一个启动器活动上做半透明,它没有父(背景),所以总是随着设备旋转。想要修复它,你必须采取另一种方式来替换<item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item> style。

请检查你的活动样式,并确保如果你没有使用任何半透明相关的东西,改变样式为交替。这样我们就能解决这个问题。

android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Translucent.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"
android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"