我正在使用datetime Python模块。我希望从当前日期计算6个月的日期。有人能帮我一下吗?

我想从当前日期生成一个6个月后的日期的原因是为了生成一个回顾日期。如果用户在系统中输入数据,系统将有从输入数据之日起6个月的审查日期。


当前回答

这个解决方案适用于12月,而本页上的大多数答案都不适用。 在使用模量(%)或整数除法(//)之前,您需要首先将月份从基于1的索引(例如Jan = 1)转移到基于0的索引(例如Jan = 0),否则11月(11)加上1个月得到12,当找到余数(12% 12)时,得到0。

(不要建议“(月% 12)+ 1”或10月+ 1 = 12月!)

def AddMonths(d,x):
    newmonth = ((( d.month - 1) + x ) % 12 ) + 1
    newyear  = int(d.year + ((( d.month - 1) + x ) / 12 ))
    return datetime.date( newyear, newmonth, d.day)

然而……这并不能解释1月31日+一个月的问题。所以我们回到OP,你说增加一个月是什么意思?一种解决方案是回溯,直到找到一个有效的日期,因为大多数人会假设一月的最后一天加一个月等于二月的最后一天。 这也适用于负数的月份。 证明:

>>> import datetime
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),1)
datetime.date(2010, 9, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),4)
datetime.date(2010, 12, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),5)
datetime.date(2011, 1, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),13)
datetime.date(2011, 9, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),24)
datetime.date(2012, 8, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),-1)
datetime.date(2010, 7, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),0)
datetime.date(2010, 8, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),-12)
datetime.date(2009, 8, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),-8)
datetime.date(2009, 12, 25)
>>> AddMonths(datetime.datetime(2010,8,25),-7)
datetime.date(2010, 1, 25)>>> 

其他回答

这里有一个dateutil的例子。relativedelta,我发现它对于迭代过去一年很有用,每次跳过一个月到现在的日期:

>>> import datetime
>>> from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
>>> today = datetime.datetime.today()
>>> month_count = 0
>>> while month_count < 12:
...  day = today - relativedelta(months=month_count)
...  print day
...  month_count += 1
... 
2010-07-07 10:51:45.187968
2010-06-07 10:51:45.187968
2010-05-07 10:51:45.187968
2010-04-07 10:51:45.187968
2010-03-07 10:51:45.187968
2010-02-07 10:51:45.187968
2010-01-07 10:51:45.187968
2009-12-07 10:51:45.187968
2009-11-07 10:51:45.187968
2009-10-07 10:51:45.187968
2009-09-07 10:51:45.187968
2009-08-07 10:51:45.187968

和其他答案一样,你必须弄清楚你说的“6个月后”到底是什么意思。如果你的意思是“六年后某个月的今天”,那么这个是:

datetime.datetime.now() + relativedelta(months=6)

当我需要添加几个月或几年的时间,并且不想导入更多的库时,我就会这样做。

import datetime
__author__ = 'Daniel Margarido'


# Check if the int given year is a leap year
# return true if leap year or false otherwise
def is_leap_year(year):
    if (year % 4) == 0:
        if (year % 100) == 0:
            if (year % 400) == 0:
                return True
            else:
                return False
        else:
            return True
    else:
        return False


THIRTY_DAYS_MONTHS = [4, 6, 9, 11]
THIRTYONE_DAYS_MONTHS = [1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12]

# Inputs -> month, year Booth integers
# Return the number of days of the given month
def get_month_days(month, year):
    if month in THIRTY_DAYS_MONTHS:   # April, June, September, November
        return 30
    elif month in THIRTYONE_DAYS_MONTHS:   # January, March, May, July, August, October, December
        return 31
    else:   # February
        if is_leap_year(year):
            return 29
        else:
            return 28

# Checks the month of the given date
# Selects the number of days it needs to add one month
# return the date with one month added
def add_month(date):
    current_month_days = get_month_days(date.month, date.year)
    next_month_days = get_month_days(date.month + 1, date.year)

    delta = datetime.timedelta(days=current_month_days)
    if date.day > next_month_days:
        delta = delta - datetime.timedelta(days=(date.day - next_month_days) - 1)

    return date + delta


def add_year(date):
    if is_leap_year(date.year):
        delta = datetime.timedelta(days=366)
    else:
        delta = datetime.timedelta(days=365)

    return date + delta


# Validates if the expected_value is equal to the given value
def test_equal(expected_value, value):
    if expected_value == value:
        print "Test Passed"
        return True

    print "Test Failed : " + str(expected_value) + " is not equal to " str(value)
    return False

# Test leap year
print "---------- Test leap year ----------"
test_equal(True, is_leap_year(2012))
test_equal(True, is_leap_year(2000))
test_equal(False, is_leap_year(1900))
test_equal(False, is_leap_year(2002))
test_equal(False, is_leap_year(2100))
test_equal(True, is_leap_year(2400))
test_equal(True, is_leap_year(2016))

# Test add month
print "---------- Test add month ----------"
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 2, 1), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 1, 1)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 6, 16), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 5, 16)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 3, 15), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 2, 15)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2017, 1, 12), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 12, 12)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 3, 1), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 1, 31)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2015, 3, 1), add_month(datetime.date(2015, 1, 31)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 3, 1), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 1, 30)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 4, 30), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 3, 30)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 5, 1), add_month(datetime.date(2016, 3, 31)))

# Test add year
print "---------- Test add year ----------"
test_equal(datetime.date(2016, 2, 2), add_year(datetime.date(2015, 2, 2)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2001, 2, 2), add_year(datetime.date(2000, 2, 2)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2100, 2, 2), add_year(datetime.date(2099, 2, 2)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2101, 2, 2), add_year(datetime.date(2100, 2, 2)))
test_equal(datetime.date(2401, 2, 2), add_year(datetime.date(2400, 2, 2)))

只需创建一个datetime.date()对象,调用add_month(date)来添加一个月,调用add_year(date)来添加一个年。

修改了Johannes Wei在1new_month = 121情况下的答案。这对我来说非常合适。月份可以是正的,也可以是负的。

def addMonth(d,months=1):
    year, month, day = d.timetuple()[:3]
    new_month = month + months
    return datetime.date(year + ((new_month-1) / 12), (new_month-1) % 12 +1, day)

还有另一个解决方案,希望有人会喜欢:

def add_months(d, months):
    return d.replace(year=d.year+months//12).replace(month=(d.month+months)%12)

这个解决方案并不适用于所有情况下的第29、30、31天,所以需要更健壮的解决方案(这已经不是那么好了:)):

def add_months(d, months):
    for i in range(4):
        day = d.day - i
        try:
            return d.replace(day=day).replace(year=d.year+int(months)//12).replace(month=(d.month+int(months))%12)
        except:
            pass
    raise Exception("should not happen")

使用python datetime模块为datetime.today()添加6个月的时间增量。

http://docs.python.org/library/datetime.html

你当然要解决Johannes weß提出的问题——你说的6个月是什么意思?