在ubuntu上从源代码安装python 3.8时遇到了这个问题。下面总结了成功安装默认python 3.7所需的步骤:

sudo apt -y install libssl-dev zlib1g-dev build-essential

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.0/Python-3.8.0.tgz
tar -xf Python-3.8.0.tgz
cd Python-3.8.0/

./configure --enable-optimizations
make
sudo make altinstall

zlib1g-dev和build-essential的安装说明是多余的，因为ubuntu桌面已经有了这些，但对于Amazon的一些EC2实例来说是必要的。Python 3.8.0是目前的最新版本，但应该被最新的可用版本所取代。

这些指令最适合将python 3.7作为python3的默认值，并在虚拟环境中运行python 3.8。

我试着:

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

在那之后，它在Windows 10中工作得很好。

对于Debian用户，以下可能会用到:

 sudo apt install libssl-dev libncurses5-dev libsqlite3-dev libreadline-dev libtk8.6 libgdm-dev libdb4o-cil-dev libpcap-dev

然后cd到Python 3. exe文件所在的文件夹。X库源代码，运行:

./configure
make
make install

我得到了同样的错误:

WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/pb-tool/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")': /simple/pb-tool/
ERROR: Operation cancelled by user
WARNING: pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/pip/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /simple/pip/ (Caused by SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")) - skipping

在《Anaconda》中，我使用了以下命令:

conda install anaconda-navigator

本文中提到:pip配置了需要TLS/SSL的位置，但是Python中的SSL模块不可用

如果您已经通过scoop安装了anaconda，并且在conda环境中使用pip时遇到此错误，您可以通过…

将这些添加到路径中

C:\Users\YOUR_USERNAME\scoop\apps\anaconda3\current
C:\Users\YOUR_USERNAME\scoop\apps\anaconda3\current\Scripts
C:\Users\YOUR_USERNAME\scoop\apps\anaconda3\current\Library
C:\Users\YOUR_USERNAME\scoop\apps\anaconda3\current\Library\bin

通过scoop安装openssl

scoop install openssl

并从..复制以下dll。\anaconda3\Library\bin到..\anaconda3\ dll

引用:

https://stackoverflow.com/a/54897379 https://stackoverflow.com/a/60405693

对于Windows 10下的Miniconda3, python=3.7.5，我尝试了以上所有建议;毫无效果。我不得不降级到python=3.7.0，这解决了这个问题

conda install python=3.7.0

显然这很混乱。答案表明升级到3.8.5也可以工作，但这在我的环境中有太多的副作用。