如何将表单的所有元素转换为JavaScript对象?

我希望有某种方法从表单自动构建JavaScript对象,而不必遍历每个元素。我不希望使用$('#formid').serialize();返回的字符串;,我也不希望$('#formid').serializeArray()返回映射;


当前回答

有什么问题:

var data = {};
$(".form-selector").serializeArray().map(function(x){data[x.name] = x.value;}); 

其他回答

此代码转换并保存输入类型,而不是全部转换为字符串:

jQuery.fn.serializeForm = function () {
    var form = this.get(0);
    var i = [];
    var ret = {};
    for (i = form.elements.length - 1; i >= 0; i = i - 1) {
        if (form.elements[i].name === "") {
            continue;
        }
        var name = form.elements[i].name;
        switch (form.elements[i].nodeName) {
            case 'INPUT':
                switch (form.elements[i].type) {
                    case 'text':
                    case 'tel':
                    case 'email':
                    case 'hidden':
                    case 'password':
                        ret[name] = encodeURIComponent(form.elements[i].value);
                        break;
                    case 'checkbox':
                    case 'radio':
                        ret[name] = form.elements[i].checked;
                        break;
                    case 'number':
                        ret[name] = parseFloat(form.elements[i].value);
                        break;
                }
                break;
            case 'SELECT':
            case 'TEXTAREA':
                ret[name] = encodeURIComponent(form.elements[i].value);
                break;
        }
    }
    return ret;
};

例如,这是输出:

Day: 13
Key: ""
Month: 5
OnlyPayed: true
SearchMode: "0"
Year: 2021

而不是

Day: "13"
Key: ""
Month: "5"
OnlyPayed: "true"
SearchMode: "0"
Year: "2021"

这里有一种非jQuery方法:

    var getFormData = function(form) {
        //Ignore the submit button
        var elements = Array.prototype.filter.call(form.elements, function(element) {
            var type = element.getAttribute('type');
            return !type || type.toLowerCase() !== 'submit';
        });

您可以这样使用:

function() {

    var getFormData = function(form) {
        //Ignore the submit button
        var elements = Array.prototype.filter.call(form.elements, function(element) {
            var type = element.getAttribute('type');
            return !type || type.toLowerCase() !== 'submit';
        });

        //Make an object out of the form data: {name: value}
        var data = elements.reduce(function(data, element) {
            data[element.name] = element.value;
            return data;
        }, {});

        return data;
    };

    var post = function(action, data, callback) {
        var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
        request.onload = callback;
        request.open('post', action);
        request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        request.send(JSON.stringify(data), true);
        request.send();
    };

    var submit = function(e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        var form = e.target;
        var action = form.action;
        var data = getFormData(form);
        //change the third argument in order to do something
        //more intersting with the response than just print it
        post(action, data, console.log.bind(console));
    }

    //change formName below
    document.formName.onsubmit = submit;

})();

我的库phery中的代码有一个序列化例程,可以处理非常复杂的表单(如演示中所示https://github.com/pocesar/phery/blob/master/demo.php#L1664),而且不是一刀切。它实际上检查每个字段的类型。例如,单选框与范围不同,与keygen不同,与select multiple不同。我的功能涵盖了这一切,你可以看到它在https://github.com/pocesar/phery/blob/master/phery.js#L1851.

serializeForm:function (opt) {
    opt = $.extend({}, opt);

    if (typeof opt['disabled'] === 'undefined' || opt['disabled'] === null) {
        opt['disabled'] = false;
    }
    if (typeof opt['all'] === 'undefined' || opt['all'] === null) {
        opt['all'] = false;
    }
    if (typeof opt['empty'] === 'undefined' || opt['empty'] === null) {
        opt['empty'] = true;
    }

    var
        $form = $(this),
        result = {},
        formValues =
            $form
                .find('input,textarea,select,keygen')
                .filter(function () {
                    var ret = true;
                    if (!opt['disabled']) {
                        ret = !this.disabled;
                    }
                    return ret && $.trim(this.name);
                })
                .map(function () {
                    var
                        $this = $(this),
                        radios,
                        options,
                        value = null;

                    if ($this.is('[type="radio"]') || $this.is('[type="checkbox"]')) {
                        if ($this.is('[type="radio"]')) {
                            radios = $form.find('[type="radio"][name="' + this.name + '"]');
                            if (radios.filter('[checked]').size()) {
                                value = radios.filter('[checked]').val();
                            }
                        } else if ($this.prop('checked')) {
                            value = $this.is('[value]') ? $this.val() : 1;
                        }
                    } else if ($this.is('select')) {
                        options = $this.find('option').filter(':selected');
                        if ($this.prop('multiple')) {
                            value = options.map(function () {
                                return this.value || this.innerHTML;
                            }).get();
                        } else {
                            value = options.val();
                        }
                    } else {
                        value = $this.val();
                    }

                    return {
                        'name':this.name || null,
                        'value':value
                    };
                }).get();

    if (formValues) {
        var
            i,
            value,
            name,
            $matches,
            len,
            offset,
            j,
            fields;

        for (i = 0; i < formValues.length; i++) {
            name = formValues[i].name;
            value = formValues[i].value;

            if (!opt['all']) {
                if (value === null) {
                    continue;
                }
            } else {
                if (value === null) {
                    value = '';
                }
            }

            if (value === '' && !opt['empty']) {
                continue;
            }

            if (!name) {
                continue;
            }

            $matches = name.split(/\[/);

            len = $matches.length;

            for (j = 1; j < len; j++) {
                $matches[j] = $matches[j].replace(/\]/g, '');
            }

            fields = [];

            for (j = 0; j < len; j++) {
                if ($matches[j] || j < len - 1) {
                    fields.push($matches[j].replace("'", ''));
                }
            }

            if ($matches[len - 1] === '') {
                offset = assign_object(result, fields, [], true, false, false);

                if (value.constructor === Array) {
                    offset[0][offset[1]].concat(value);
                } else {
                    offset[0][offset[1]].push(value);
                }
            } else {
                assign_object(result, fields, value);
            }
        }
    }

    return result;
}

它是我的库phery的一部分,但可以移植到您自己的项目中。它在应该有数组的地方创建数组,从select、normalize复选框等选项中获取正确的选择选项。如果要将其转换为JSON(真正的JSON字符串),只需执行JSON.stringify($('form').serializeForm());

如果要发送带有JSON的表单,则必须在发送字符串时删除[]。您可以使用jQuery函数serializeObject()实现这一点:

var frm = $(document.myform);
var data = JSON.stringify(frm.serializeObject());

$.fn.serializeObject = function() {
    var o = {};
    //var a = this.serializeArray();
    $(this).find('input[type="hidden"], input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="checkbox"]:checked, input[type="radio"]:checked, select').each(function() {
        if ($(this).attr('type') == 'hidden') { //If checkbox is checked do not take the hidden field
            var $parent = $(this).parent();
            var $chb = $parent.find('input[type="checkbox"][name="' + this.name.replace(/\[/g, '\[').replace(/\]/g, '\]') + '"]');
            if ($chb != null) {
                if ($chb.prop('checked')) return;
            }
        }
        if (this.name === null || this.name === undefined || this.name === '')
            return;
        var elemValue = null;
        if ($(this).is('select'))
            elemValue = $(this).find('option:selected').val();
        else
            elemValue = this.value;
        if (o[this.name] !== undefined) {
            if (!o[this.name].push) {
                o[this.name] = [o[this.name]];
            }
            o[this.name].push(elemValue || '');
        }
        else {
            o[this.name] = elemValue || '';
        }
    });
    return o;
}

这是对Tobias Cohen函数的改进,该函数在多维数组中运行良好:

http://jsfiddle.net/BNnwF/2/

然而,这不是一个jQuery插件,但如果您想这样使用它,只需几秒钟就可以将它变成一个:只需替换函数声明包装器:

function serializeFormObject(form)
{
    ...
}

具有:

$.fn.serializeFormObject = function()
{
    var form = this;
    ...
};

我想这与梅斯克的解决方案相似,因为它做了相同的事情,但我认为这有点干净和简单。我还将macek的测试用例输入添加到小提琴中,并添加了一些额外的输入。到目前为止,这对我来说很好。

function serializeFormObject(form)
{
    function trim(str)
    {
        return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"");
    }

    var o = {};
    var a = $(form).serializeArray();
    $.each(a, function() {
        var nameParts = this.name.split('[');
        if (nameParts.length == 1) {
            // New value is not an array - so we simply add the new
            // value to the result object
            if (o[this.name] !== undefined) {
                if (!o[this.name].push) {
                    o[this.name] = [o[this.name]];
                }
                o[this.name].push(this.value || '');
            } else {
                o[this.name] = this.value || '';
            }
        }
        else {
            // New value is an array - we need to merge it into the
            // existing result object
            $.each(nameParts, function (index) {
                nameParts[index] = this.replace(/\]$/, '');
            });

            // This $.each merges the new value in, part by part
            var arrItem = this;
            var temp = o;
            $.each(nameParts, function (index) {
                var next;
                var nextNamePart;
                if (index >= nameParts.length - 1)
                    next = arrItem.value || '';
                else {
                    nextNamePart = nameParts[index + 1];
                    if (trim(this) != '' && temp[this] !== undefined)
                        next = temp[this];
                    else {
                        if (trim(nextNamePart) == '')
                            next = [];
                        else
                            next = {};
                    }
                }

                if (trim(this) == '') {
                    temp.push(next);
                } else
                    temp[this] = next;

                temp = next;
            });
        }
    });
    return o;
}