如何将表单的所有元素转换为JavaScript对象?

我希望有某种方法从表单自动构建JavaScript对象,而不必遍历每个元素。我不希望使用$('#formid').serialize();返回的字符串;,我也不希望$('#formid').serializeArray()返回映射;


当前回答

所以我使用了公认的答案,发现了一个主要缺陷。它不支持以下输入数组:

<input type="checkbox" name="array[]" value="1"/>
<input type="checkbox" name="array[]" value="2"/>
<input type="checkbox" name="array[]" value="3"/>

这一小改动应该可以解决以下问题:

function objectifyForm(inp){
    var rObject = {};
    for (var i = 0; i < inp.length; i++){
        if(inp[i]['name'].substr(inp[i]['name'].length - 2) == "[]"){
            var tmp = inp[i]['name'].substr(0, inp[i]['name'].length-2);
            if(Array.isArray(rObject[tmp])){
                rObject[tmp].push(inp[i]['value']);
            } else{
                rObject[tmp] = [];
                rObject[tmp].push(inp[i]['value']);
            }
        } else{
            rObject[inp[i]['name']] = inp[i]['value'];
        }
    }
    return rObject;
}

记住将$(this).serializeArray()的输出传递给它;否则它不会起作用。

其他回答

这里有一种非jQuery方法:

    var getFormData = function(form) {
        //Ignore the submit button
        var elements = Array.prototype.filter.call(form.elements, function(element) {
            var type = element.getAttribute('type');
            return !type || type.toLowerCase() !== 'submit';
        });

您可以这样使用:

function() {

    var getFormData = function(form) {
        //Ignore the submit button
        var elements = Array.prototype.filter.call(form.elements, function(element) {
            var type = element.getAttribute('type');
            return !type || type.toLowerCase() !== 'submit';
        });

        //Make an object out of the form data: {name: value}
        var data = elements.reduce(function(data, element) {
            data[element.name] = element.value;
            return data;
        }, {});

        return data;
    };

    var post = function(action, data, callback) {
        var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
        request.onload = callback;
        request.open('post', action);
        request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        request.send(JSON.stringify(data), true);
        request.send();
    };

    var submit = function(e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        var form = e.target;
        var action = form.action;
        var data = getFormData(form);
        //change the third argument in order to do something
        //more intersting with the response than just print it
        post(action, data, console.log.bind(console));
    }

    //change formName below
    document.formName.onsubmit = submit;

})();

我编写了一个jQuery模块jsForm,即使对于非常复杂的表单(也允许集合和其他更复杂的结构),它也可以实现这种双向。

它使用字段的名称(加上一些用于集合的特殊类)并匹配JSON对象。它允许自动复制用于收集和数据处理的DOM元素:

<html>
    <head>
        <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
        <script src="https://raw.github.com/corinis/jsForm/master/src/jquery.jsForm.js"></script>
        <script>
        $(function(){
            // Some JSON data
            var jsonData = {
                name: "TestName",   // Standard inputs
                description: "long Description\nMultiline", // Textarea
                links: [{href:'http://stackoverflow.com',description:'StackOverflow'}, {href:'http://www.github.com', description:'GitHub'}],   // Lists
                active: true,   // Checkbox
                state: "VISIBLE"    // Selects (enums)
            };

            // Initialize the form, prefix is optional and defaults to data
            $("#details").jsForm({
                data:jsonData
            });

            $("#show").click(function() {
                // Show the JSON data
                alert(JSON.stringify($("#details").jsForm("get"), null, " "));
            });
        });
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Simpel Form Test</h1>
        <div id="details">
            Name: <input name="data.name"/><br/>
            <input type="checkbox" name="data.active"/> active<br/>
            <textarea name="data.description"></textarea><br/>
            <select name="data.state">
                <option value="VISIBLE">visible</option>
                <option value="IMPORTANT">important</option>
                <option value="HIDDEN">hidden</option>
            </select>
            <fieldset>
                <legend>Links</legend>
                <ul class="collection" data-field="data.links">
                    <li><span class="field">links.description</span> Link: <input name="links.href"/> <button class="delete">x</button></li>
                </ul>
            </fieldset>
            <button class="add" data-field="data.links">add a link</button><br/>
            Additional field: <input name="data.addedField"/>
        </div>
        <button id="show">Show Object</button>
    </body>
</html>

我更喜欢这种方法,因为:您不必遍历2个集合,如果需要,您可以获取除“name”和“value”之外的其他内容,并且可以在将值存储在对象中之前对其进行清理(例如,如果您有不希望存储的默认值)。

$.formObject = function($o) {
    var o = {},
        real_value = function($field) {
            var val = $field.val() || "";

            // additional cleaning here, if needed

            return val;
        };

    if (typeof o != "object") {
        $o = $(o);
    }

    $(":input[name]", $o).each(function(i, field) {
        var $field = $(field),
            name = $field.attr("name"),
            value = real_value($field);

        if (o[name]) {
            if (!$.isArray(o[name])) {
                o[name] = [o[name]];
            }

            o[name].push(value);
        }

        else {
            o[name] = value;
        }
    });

    return o;
}

使用方式如下:

var obj = $.formObject($("#someForm"));

仅在Firefox中测试。

如果您想将表单转换为javascript对象,那么最简单的解决方案(此时)是使用jQuery的each和serializArray函数方法。

$.fn.serializeObject = function() {

  var form = {};
  $.each($(this).serializeArray(), function (i, field) {
    form[field.name] = field.value || "";
  });

  return form;
};

GitHub上托管的插件:https://github.com/tfmontague/form-object/blob/master/README.md

可与Bower一起安装:船首装置git://github.com/tfmontague/form-object.git

如果要发送带有JSON的表单,则必须在发送字符串时删除[]。您可以使用jQuery函数serializeObject()实现这一点:

var frm = $(document.myform);
var data = JSON.stringify(frm.serializeObject());

$.fn.serializeObject = function() {
    var o = {};
    //var a = this.serializeArray();
    $(this).find('input[type="hidden"], input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="checkbox"]:checked, input[type="radio"]:checked, select').each(function() {
        if ($(this).attr('type') == 'hidden') { //If checkbox is checked do not take the hidden field
            var $parent = $(this).parent();
            var $chb = $parent.find('input[type="checkbox"][name="' + this.name.replace(/\[/g, '\[').replace(/\]/g, '\]') + '"]');
            if ($chb != null) {
                if ($chb.prop('checked')) return;
            }
        }
        if (this.name === null || this.name === undefined || this.name === '')
            return;
        var elemValue = null;
        if ($(this).is('select'))
            elemValue = $(this).find('option:selected').val();
        else
            elemValue = this.value;
        if (o[this.name] !== undefined) {
            if (!o[this.name].push) {
                o[this.name] = [o[this.name]];
            }
            o[this.name].push(elemValue || '');
        }
        else {
            o[this.name] = elemValue || '';
        }
    });
    return o;
}