如何将表单的所有元素转换为JavaScript对象?
我希望有某种方法从表单自动构建JavaScript对象,而不必遍历每个元素。我不希望使用$('#formid').serialize();返回的字符串;,我也不希望$('#formid').serializeArray()返回映射;
如何将表单的所有元素转换为JavaScript对象?
我希望有某种方法从表单自动构建JavaScript对象,而不必遍历每个元素。我不希望使用$('#formid').serialize();返回的字符串;,我也不希望$('#formid').serializeArray()返回映射;
当前回答
如果要发送带有JSON的表单,则必须在发送字符串时删除[]。您可以使用jQuery函数serializeObject()实现这一点:
var frm = $(document.myform);
var data = JSON.stringify(frm.serializeObject());
$.fn.serializeObject = function() {
var o = {};
//var a = this.serializeArray();
$(this).find('input[type="hidden"], input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="checkbox"]:checked, input[type="radio"]:checked, select').each(function() {
if ($(this).attr('type') == 'hidden') { //If checkbox is checked do not take the hidden field
var $parent = $(this).parent();
var $chb = $parent.find('input[type="checkbox"][name="' + this.name.replace(/\[/g, '\[').replace(/\]/g, '\]') + '"]');
if ($chb != null) {
if ($chb.prop('checked')) return;
}
}
if (this.name === null || this.name === undefined || this.name === '')
return;
var elemValue = null;
if ($(this).is('select'))
elemValue = $(this).find('option:selected').val();
else
elemValue = this.value;
if (o[this.name] !== undefined) {
if (!o[this.name].push) {
o[this.name] = [o[this.name]];
}
o[this.name].push(elemValue || '');
}
else {
o[this.name] = elemValue || '';
}
});
return o;
}
其他回答
对于语义ui/formantic ui,有一个内置的行为get值:
const fields = $("#myForm.ui.form").form('get values');
const jsonStr = JSON.stringify(fields);
看见https://fomantic-ui.com/behaviors/form.html#/settings
get-values(标识符)返回与标识符数组匹配的元素值的对象。如果未通过IDS,将返回所有字段
serialize函数将JSON对象作为参数并返回serialize String。
function serialize(object) {
var _SPECIAL_CHARS = /[\\\"\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g, _CHARS = {
'\b' : '\\b',
'\t' : '\\t',
'\n' : '\\n',
'\f' : '\\f',
'\r' : '\\r',
'"' : '\\"',
'\\' : '\\\\'
}, EMPTY = '', OPEN_O = '{', CLOSE_O = '}', OPEN_A = '[', CLOSE_A = ']', COMMA = ',', COMMA_CR = ",\n", CR = "\n", COLON = ':', space = "", COLON_SP = ': ', stack = [], QUOTE = '"';
function _char(c) {
if (!_CHARS[c]) {
_CHARS[c] = '\\u' + ('0000' + (+(c.charCodeAt(0))).toString(16))
.slice(-4);
}
return _CHARS[c];
}
function _string(s) {
return QUOTE + s.replace(_SPECIAL_CHARS, _char) + QUOTE;
// return str.replace('\"','').replace('\"','');
}
function serialize(h, key) {
var value = h[key], a = [], colon = ":", arr, i, keys, t, k, v;
arr = value instanceof Array;
stack.push(value);
keys = value;
i = 0;
t = typeof value;
switch (t) {
case "object" :
if(value==null){
return null;
}
break;
case "string" :
return _string(value);
case "number" :
return isFinite(value) ? value + EMPTY : NULL;
case "boolean" :
return value + EMPTY;
case "null" :
return null;
default :
return undefined;
}
arr = value.length === undefined ? false : true;
if (arr) { // Array
for (i = value.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
a[i] = serialize(value, i) || NULL;
}
}
else { // Object
i = 0;
for (k in keys) {
if (keys.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
v = serialize(value, k);
if (v) {
a[i++] = _string(k) + colon + v;
}
}
}
}
stack.pop();
if (space && a.length) {
return arr
? "[" + _indent(a.join(COMMA_CR), space) + "\n]"
: "{\n" + _indent(a.join(COMMA_CR), space) + "\n}";
}
else {
return arr ? "[" + a.join(COMMA) + "]" : "{" + a.join(COMMA)
+ "}";
}
}
return serialize({
"" : object
}, "");
}
我更喜欢这种方法,因为:您不必遍历2个集合,如果需要,您可以获取除“name”和“value”之外的其他内容,并且可以在将值存储在对象中之前对其进行清理(例如,如果您有不希望存储的默认值)。
$.formObject = function($o) {
var o = {},
real_value = function($field) {
var val = $field.val() || "";
// additional cleaning here, if needed
return val;
};
if (typeof o != "object") {
$o = $(o);
}
$(":input[name]", $o).each(function(i, field) {
var $field = $(field),
name = $field.attr("name"),
value = real_value($field);
if (o[name]) {
if (!$.isArray(o[name])) {
o[name] = [o[name]];
}
o[name].push(value);
}
else {
o[name] = value;
}
});
return o;
}
使用方式如下:
var obj = $.formObject($("#someForm"));
仅在Firefox中测试。
这里有一种非jQuery方法:
var getFormData = function(form) {
//Ignore the submit button
var elements = Array.prototype.filter.call(form.elements, function(element) {
var type = element.getAttribute('type');
return !type || type.toLowerCase() !== 'submit';
});
您可以这样使用:
function() {
var getFormData = function(form) {
//Ignore the submit button
var elements = Array.prototype.filter.call(form.elements, function(element) {
var type = element.getAttribute('type');
return !type || type.toLowerCase() !== 'submit';
});
//Make an object out of the form data: {name: value}
var data = elements.reduce(function(data, element) {
data[element.name] = element.value;
return data;
}, {});
return data;
};
var post = function(action, data, callback) {
var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.onload = callback;
request.open('post', action);
request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
request.send(JSON.stringify(data), true);
request.send();
};
var submit = function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
var form = e.target;
var action = form.action;
var data = getFormData(form);
//change the third argument in order to do something
//more intersting with the response than just print it
post(action, data, console.log.bind(console));
}
//change formName below
document.formName.onsubmit = submit;
})();
从一些旧的答案来看:
$('form input, form select').toArray().reduce(function(m,e){m[e.name] = $(e).val(); return m;},{})