我有表,我已经尝试设置PK FK关系,但我想验证这一点。如何显示PK/FK约束?我看到了这个手册页,但它没有显示示例,我的谷歌搜索也是徒劳的。我的数据库是credentialing1,约束表是practices和cred_insurances。


当前回答

如果要向information_schema请求,你需要特权。如果你需要简单的键列表,你可以使用这个命令:

SHOW INDEXES IN <tablename>

其他回答

经过验证的答案的主要问题是必须解析输出以获得信息。下面是一个查询,允许您以更有用的方式获取它们:

SELECT cols.TABLE_NAME, cols.COLUMN_NAME, cols.ORDINAL_POSITION,
cols.COLUMN_DEFAULT, cols.IS_NULLABLE, cols.DATA_TYPE,
    cols.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, cols.CHARACTER_OCTET_LENGTH,
    cols.NUMERIC_PRECISION, cols.NUMERIC_SCALE,
    cols.COLUMN_TYPE, cols.COLUMN_KEY, cols.EXTRA,
    cols.COLUMN_COMMENT, refs.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME, refs.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME,
    cRefs.UPDATE_RULE, cRefs.DELETE_RULE,
    links.TABLE_NAME, links.COLUMN_NAME,
    cLinks.UPDATE_RULE, cLinks.DELETE_RULE
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.`COLUMNS` as cols
LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.`KEY_COLUMN_USAGE` AS refs
ON refs.TABLE_SCHEMA=cols.TABLE_SCHEMA
    AND refs.REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA=cols.TABLE_SCHEMA
    AND refs.TABLE_NAME=cols.TABLE_NAME
    AND refs.COLUMN_NAME=cols.COLUMN_NAME
LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS AS cRefs
ON cRefs.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA=cols.TABLE_SCHEMA
    AND cRefs.CONSTRAINT_NAME=refs.CONSTRAINT_NAME
LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.`KEY_COLUMN_USAGE` AS links
ON links.TABLE_SCHEMA=cols.TABLE_SCHEMA
    AND links.REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA=cols.TABLE_SCHEMA
    AND links.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME=cols.TABLE_NAME
    AND links.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME=cols.COLUMN_NAME
LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS AS cLinks
ON cLinks.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA=cols.TABLE_SCHEMA
    AND cLinks.CONSTRAINT_NAME=links.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE cols.TABLE_SCHEMA=DATABASE()
    AND cols.TABLE_NAME="table"

简单地查询INFORMATION_SCHEMA:

USE INFORMATION_SCHEMA;
SELECT TABLE_NAME,
       COLUMN_NAME,
       CONSTRAINT_NAME,
       REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
       REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = "<your_database_name>" 
      AND TABLE_NAME = "<your_table_name>" 
      AND REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME IS NOT NULL;

类似于@Resh32,但是不需要使用use语句:

SELECT TABLE_NAME,
       COLUMN_NAME,
       CONSTRAINT_NAME,
       REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
       REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = "database_name" 
      AND TABLE_NAME = "table_name" 
      AND REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME IS NOT NULL;

有用,例如使用ORM。

我使用

SHOW CREATE TABLE mytable;

这向您展示了以当前形式重新创建mytable所需的SQL语句。您可以看到所有的列及其类型(如DESC),但它还显示约束信息(以及表类型、字符集等)。

如果要向information_schema请求,你需要特权。如果你需要简单的键列表,你可以使用这个命令:

SHOW INDEXES IN <tablename>