如果要向information_schema请求，你需要特权。如果你需要简单的键列表，你可以使用这个命令:

SHOW INDEXES IN <tablename>

简单地查询INFORMATION_SCHEMA:

USE INFORMATION_SCHEMA;
SELECT TABLE_NAME,
       COLUMN_NAME,
       CONSTRAINT_NAME,
       REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
       REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = "<your_database_name>" 
      AND TABLE_NAME = "<your_table_name>" 
      AND REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME IS NOT NULL;

类似于@Resh32，但是不需要使用use语句:

SELECT TABLE_NAME,
       COLUMN_NAME,
       CONSTRAINT_NAME,
       REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
       REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = "database_name" 
      AND TABLE_NAME = "table_name" 
      AND REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME IS NOT NULL;

有用，例如使用ORM。

如果要向information_schema请求，你需要特权。如果你需要简单的键列表，你可以使用这个命令:

SHOW INDEXES IN <tablename>

我使用

SHOW CREATE TABLE mytable;

这向您展示了以当前形式重新创建mytable所需的SQL语句。您可以看到所有的列及其类型(如DESC)，但它还显示约束信息(以及表类型、字符集等)。

你可以用这个:

select
    table_name,column_name,referenced_table_name,referenced_column_name
from
    information_schema.key_column_usage
where
    referenced_table_name is not null
    and table_schema = 'my_database' 
    and table_name = 'my_table'

或者为了更好的格式输出使用:

select
    concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',  
    concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references'
from
    information_schema.key_column_usage
where
    referenced_table_name is not null
    and table_schema = 'my_database' 
    and table_name = 'my_table'