这是我为这个目的写的一个小方法。它使用来自Apache Commons的Validate。

请随意使用。

/**
 * Converts a <code>List</code> to a map. One of the methods of the list is called to retrive
 * the value of the key to be used and the object itself from the list entry is used as the
 * objct. An empty <code>Map</code> is returned upon null input.
 * Reflection is used to retrieve the key from the object instance and method name passed in.
 *
 * @param <K> The type of the key to be used in the map
 * @param <V> The type of value to be used in the map and the type of the elements in the
 *            collection
 * @param coll The collection to be converted.
 * @param keyType The class of key
 * @param valueType The class of the value
 * @param keyMethodName The method name to call on each instance in the collection to retrieve
 *            the key
 * @return A map of key to value instances
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of the other paremeters are invalid.
 */
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> asMap(final java.util.Collection<V> coll,
        final Class<K> keyType,
        final Class<V> valueType,
        final String keyMethodName) {

    final HashMap<K, V> map = new HashMap<K, V>();
    Method method = null;

    if (isEmpty(coll)) return map;
    notNull(keyType, Messages.getString(KEY_TYPE_NOT_NULL));
    notNull(valueType, Messages.getString(VALUE_TYPE_NOT_NULL));
    notEmpty(keyMethodName, Messages.getString(KEY_METHOD_NAME_NOT_NULL));

    try {
        // return the Method to invoke to get the key for the map
        method = valueType.getMethod(keyMethodName);
    }
    catch (final NoSuchMethodException e) {
        final String message =
            String.format(
                    Messages.getString(METHOD_NOT_FOUND),
                    keyMethodName,
                    valueType);
        e.fillInStackTrace();
        logger.error(message, e);
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(message, e);
    }
    try {
        for (final V value : coll) {

            Object object;
            object = method.invoke(value);
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            final K key = (K) object;
            map.put(key, value);
        }
    }
    catch (final Exception e) {
        final String message =
            String.format(
                    Messages.getString(METHOD_CALL_FAILED),
                    method,
                    valueType);
        e.fillInStackTrace();
        logger.error(message, e);
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(message, e);
    }
    return map;
}

普遍的方法

public static <K, V> Map<K, V> listAsMap(Collection<V> sourceList, ListToMapConverter<K, V> converter) {
    Map<K, V> newMap = new HashMap<K, V>();
    for (V item : sourceList) {
        newMap.put( converter.getKey(item), item );
    }
    return newMap;
}

public static interface ListToMapConverter<K, V> {
    public K getKey(V item);
}

我喜欢Kango_V的答案，但我认为它太复杂了。我认为这个更简单，也许太简单了。如果愿意，您可以用通用标记替换String，并使其适用于任何键类型。

public static <E> Map<String, E> convertListToMap(Collection<E> sourceList, ListToMapConverterInterface<E> converterInterface) {
    Map<String, E> newMap = new HashMap<String, E>();
    for( E item : sourceList ) {
        newMap.put( converterInterface.getKeyForItem( item ), item );
    }
    return newMap;
}

public interface ListToMapConverterInterface<E> {
    public String getKeyForItem(E item);
}

这样用:

        Map<String, PricingPlanAttribute> pricingPlanAttributeMap = convertListToMap( pricingPlanAttributeList,
                new ListToMapConverterInterface<PricingPlanAttribute>() {

                    @Override
                    public String getKeyForItem(PricingPlanAttribute item) {
                        return item.getFullName();
                    }
                } );

如果你使用Kotlin，这里有一个例子:

listOf("one", "two").mapIndexed { i, it -> i to it }.toMap()

从Java 8开始，答案由@ZouZou使用收集器。toMap收集器当然是解决这个问题的惯用方法。

由于这是一个非常常见的任务，我们可以将其变成一个静态实用程序。

这样解决方案就变成了一行程序。

/**
 * Returns a map where each entry is an item of {@code list} mapped by the
 * key produced by applying {@code mapper} to the item.
 *
 * @param list the list to map
 * @param mapper the function to produce the key from a list item
 * @return the resulting map
 * @throws IllegalStateException on duplicate key
 */
public static <K, T> Map<K, T> toMapBy(List<T> list,
        Function<? super T, ? extends K> mapper) {
    return list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(mapper, Function.identity()));
}

下面是如何在List<Student>中使用它:

Map<Long, Student> studentsById = toMapBy(students, Student::getId);

这是我为这个目的写的一个小方法。它使用来自Apache Commons的Validate。

请随意使用。

/**
 * Converts a <code>List</code> to a map. One of the methods of the list is called to retrive
 * the value of the key to be used and the object itself from the list entry is used as the
 * objct. An empty <code>Map</code> is returned upon null input.
 * Reflection is used to retrieve the key from the object instance and method name passed in.
 *
 * @param <K> The type of the key to be used in the map
 * @param <V> The type of value to be used in the map and the type of the elements in the
 *            collection
 * @param coll The collection to be converted.
 * @param keyType The class of key
 * @param valueType The class of the value
 * @param keyMethodName The method name to call on each instance in the collection to retrieve
 *            the key
 * @return A map of key to value instances
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of the other paremeters are invalid.
 */
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> asMap(final java.util.Collection<V> coll,
        final Class<K> keyType,
        final Class<V> valueType,
        final String keyMethodName) {

    final HashMap<K, V> map = new HashMap<K, V>();
    Method method = null;

    if (isEmpty(coll)) return map;
    notNull(keyType, Messages.getString(KEY_TYPE_NOT_NULL));
    notNull(valueType, Messages.getString(VALUE_TYPE_NOT_NULL));
    notEmpty(keyMethodName, Messages.getString(KEY_METHOD_NAME_NOT_NULL));

    try {
        // return the Method to invoke to get the key for the map
        method = valueType.getMethod(keyMethodName);
    }
    catch (final NoSuchMethodException e) {
        final String message =
            String.format(
                    Messages.getString(METHOD_NOT_FOUND),
                    keyMethodName,
                    valueType);
        e.fillInStackTrace();
        logger.error(message, e);
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(message, e);
    }
    try {
        for (final V value : coll) {

            Object object;
            object = method.invoke(value);
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            final K key = (K) object;
            map.put(key, value);
        }
    }
    catch (final Exception e) {
        final String message =
            String.format(
                    Messages.getString(METHOD_CALL_FAILED),
                    method,
                    valueType);
        e.fillInStackTrace();
        logger.error(message, e);
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(message, e);
    }
    return map;
}