我想从一个Angular组件触发HTTP请求,但我不知道如何向它添加URL参数(查询字符串)。

this.http.get(StaticSettings.BASE_URL).subscribe(
  (response) => this.onGetForecastResult(response.json()),
  (error) => this.onGetForecastError(error.json()),
  () => this.onGetForecastComplete()
)

现在是我的静态设置。BASE_URL就像一个没有查询字符串的URL: http://atsomeplace.com/,但我想让它像http://atsomeplace.com/?var1=val1&var2=val2

如何添加var1,和var2到我的HTTP请求对象作为对象?

{
  query: {
    var1: val1,
    var2: val2
  }
}

然后只有HTTP模块将其解析为URL查询字符串。


当前回答

import { Http, Response } from '@angular/http';
constructor(private _http: Http, private router: Router) {
}

return this._http.get('http://url/login/' + email + '/' + password)
       .map((res: Response) => {
           return res.json();
        }).catch(this._handleError);

其他回答

import { Http, Response } from '@angular/http';
constructor(private _http: Http, private router: Router) {
}

return this._http.get('http://url/login/' + email + '/' + password)
       .map((res: Response) => {
           return res.json();
        }).catch(this._handleError);

编辑Angular >= 4.3.x

HttpClient是和HttpParams一起引入的。下面是一个使用示例:

import { HttpParams, HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';

constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }

let params = new HttpParams();
params = params.append('var1', val1);
params = params.append('var2', val2);

this.http.get(StaticSettings.BASE_URL, {params: params}).subscribe(...);

(老答案)

编辑Angular >= 4.x

requestOptions。搜索已弃用。requestOptions使用。改为参数:

let requestOptions = new RequestOptions();
requestOptions.params = params;

原始答案(Angular 2)

您需要导入URLSearchParams,如下所示

import { Http, RequestOptions, URLSearchParams } from '@angular/http';

然后构建参数并像下面这样进行http请求:

let params: URLSearchParams = new URLSearchParams();
params.set('var1', val1);
params.set('var2', val2);

let requestOptions = new RequestOptions();
requestOptions.search = params;

this.http.get(StaticSettings.BASE_URL, requestOptions)
    .toPromise()
    .then(response => response.json())
...

HttpClient方法允许你在它的选项中设置参数。

你可以通过从@angular/common/http包中导入HttpClientModule来配置它。

import {HttpClientModule} from '@angular/common/http';

@NgModule({
  imports: [ BrowserModule, HttpClientModule ],
  declarations: [ App ],
  bootstrap: [ App ]
})
export class AppModule {}

之后,您可以注入HttpClient并使用它来执行请求。

import {HttpClient} from '@angular/common/http'

@Component({
  selector: 'my-app',
  template: `
    <div>
      <h2>Hello {{name}}</h2>
    </div>
  `,
})
export class App {
  name:string;
  constructor(private httpClient: HttpClient) {
    this.httpClient.get('/url', {
      params: {
        appid: 'id1234',
        cnt: '5'
      },
      observe: 'response'
    })
    .toPromise()
    .then(response => {
      console.log(response);
    })
    .catch(console.log);
  }
}

对于版本4之前的angular版本,你可以使用Http服务做同样的事情。

Http。get方法接受一个实现RequestOptionsArgs的对象作为第二个参数。

该对象的搜索字段可用于设置字符串或URLSearchParams对象。

一个例子:

 // Parameters obj-
 let params: URLSearchParams = new URLSearchParams();
 params.set('appid', StaticSettings.API_KEY);
 params.set('cnt', days.toString());

 //Http request-
 return this.http.get(StaticSettings.BASE_URL, {
   search: params
 }).subscribe(
   (response) => this.onGetForecastResult(response.json()), 
   (error) => this.onGetForecastError(error.json()), 
   () => this.onGetForecastComplete()
 );

Http类的文档有更多详细信息。在这里可以找到它,在这里可以找到一个工作示例。

版本5 +

在Angular 5及更高版本中,你不必使用HttpParams。您可以直接发送json对象,如下所示。

let data = {limit: "2"};
this.httpClient.get<any>(apiUrl, {params: data});

请注意,数据值应该是字符串,即;{params: {limit: "2"}}

版本4.3.x +

使用@angular/common/http中的HttpParams、HttpClient

import { HttpParams, HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
...
constructor(private httpClient: HttpClient) { ... }
...
let params = new HttpParams();
params = params.append("page", 1);
....
this.httpClient.get<any>(apiUrl, {params: params});

另外,尝试使用JSON.stringify()对嵌套对象进行字符串化。

如果您计划发送多个参数。

组件

private options = {
  sort:   '-id',
  select: null,
  limit:  1000,
  skip:   0,
  from:   null,
  to:     null
};

constructor(private service: Service) { }

ngOnInit() {
  this.service.getAllItems(this.options)
    .subscribe((item: Item[]) => {
      this.item = item;
    });
}

服务

private options = new RequestOptions({headers: new Headers({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})});
constructor(private http: Http) { }

getAllItems(query: any) {
  let params: URLSearchParams = new URLSearchParams();
  for(let key in query){
    params.set(key.toString(), query[key]);
  }
  this.options.search = params;
  this.header = this.headers();

继续你的http请求,就像@ethemsulan做的那样。

服务器端路由

router.get('/api/items', (req, res) => {
  let q = {};
  let skip = req.query.skip;
  let limit = req.query.limit;
  let sort  = req.query.sort;
  q.from = req.query.from;
  q.to = req.query.to;

  Items.find(q)
    .skip(skip)
    .limit(limit)
    .sort(sort)
    .exec((err, items) => {
      if(err) {
        return res.status(500).json({
          title: "An error occurred",
          error: err
        });
      }
      res.status(200).json({
        message: "Success",
        obj:  items
      });
    });
});