While I totally agree there is no simple solution. There continues to be a single point of failure. Either the dockerfile, etcd, and so on. Apcera has a plan that looks like sidekick - dual authentication. In other words two container cannot talk unless there is a Apcera configuration rule. In their demo the uid/pwd was in the clear and could not be reused until the admin configured the linkage. For this to work, however, it probably meant patching Docker or at least the network plugin (if there is such a thing).

有一个新的docker命令用于“秘密”管理。但这只适用于蜂群。

docker service create
--name my-iis
--publish target=8000,port=8000
--secret src=homepage,target="\inetpub\wwwroot\index.html"
microsoft/iis:nanoserver 

While I totally agree there is no simple solution. There continues to be a single point of failure. Either the dockerfile, etcd, and so on. Apcera has a plan that looks like sidekick - dual authentication. In other words two container cannot talk unless there is a Apcera configuration rule. In their demo the uid/pwd was in the clear and could not be reused until the admin configured the linkage. For this to work, however, it probably meant patching Docker or at least the network plugin (if there is such a thing).

在Docker v1.9中，你可以使用ARG指令在构建操作时获取通过命令行传递给映像的参数。只需使用——build-arg标志。因此，您可以避免在Dockerfile中保留显式密码(或其他敏感信息)，并随时传递它们。

来源:https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/build/ http://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#arg

例子:

Dockerfile

FROM busybox
ARG user
RUN echo "user is $user"

生成映像命令

docker build --build-arg user=capuccino -t test_arguments -f path/to/dockerfile .

在构建过程中打印

$ docker build --build-arg user=capuccino -t test_arguments -f ./test_args.Dockerfile .

Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB
Step 1 : FROM busybox
 ---> c51f86c28340
Step 2 : ARG user
 ---> Running in 43a4aa0e421d
 ---> f0359070fc8f
Removing intermediate container 43a4aa0e421d
Step 3 : RUN echo "user is $user"
 ---> Running in 4360fb10d46a
**user is capuccino**
 ---> 1408147c1cb9
Removing intermediate container 4360fb10d46a
Successfully built 1408147c1cb9

希望能有所帮助!再见。

Docker现在(版本1.13或17.06或更高)支持管理秘密信息。下面是概述和更详细的文档

kubernetes和DCOS也存在类似的特征

仅运行时解决方案

Docker-compose还提供了一个非群模式的解决方案(自v1.11起: 秘密使用绑定安装)。

这些秘密被docker-compose挂载为/run/secrets/下面的文件。这可以在运行时(运行容器)解决问题，但不能在构建时(构建映像)解决问题，因为/run/secrets/在构建时没有被挂载。此外，此行为依赖于使用docker-compose运行容器。

例子:

Dockerfile

FROM alpine
CMD cat /run/secrets/password

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.1'
services:
  app:
    build: .
    secrets:
      - password

secrets:
  password:
    file: password.txt

要构建，执行:

docker-compose up -d

进一步阅读:

mikesir87的博客-在开发过程中使用Docker秘密