我相信在MySQL中存储Lat/Lng的最好方法是有一个POINT列(2D数据类型)和一个SPATIAL索引。

CREATE TABLE `cities` (
  `zip` varchar(8) NOT NULL,
  `country` varchar (2) GENERATED ALWAYS AS (SUBSTRING(`zip`, 1, 2)) STORED,
  `city` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
  `centre` point NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`zip`),
  KEY `country` (`country`),
  KEY `city` (`city`),
  SPATIAL KEY `centre` (`centre`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;


INSERT INTO `cities` (`zip`, `city`, `centre`) VALUES
('CZ-10000', 'Prague', POINT(50.0755381, 14.4378005));

你应该简单地使用varchar (20)

在rails上使用迁移ruby

class CreateNeighborhoods < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    create_table :neighborhoods do |t|
      t.string :name
      t.decimal :latitude, precision: 15, scale: 13
      t.decimal :longitude, precision: 15, scale: 13
      t.references :country, foreign_key: true
      t.references :state, foreign_key: true
      t.references :city, foreign_key: true

      t.timestamps
    end
  end
end

此外，您将看到浮点值是四舍五入的。

// e.g: given values 41.0473112,29.0077011

float(11,7) | decimal(11,7)
---------------------------
41.0473099  | 41.0473112
29.0077019  | 29.0077011

CREATE TABLE your_table_name (
   lattitude  REAL,
   longitude  REAL
)

也可以考虑在你的lat, long声明中添加进一步的验证:

CREATE TABLE your_table_name (
   lattitude  REAL CHECK(lattitude IS NULL OR (lattitude >= -90 AND lattitude <= 90)),
   longitude  REAL CHECK(longitude IS NULL OR (longitude >= -180 AND longitude <= 180))
)

解释: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/floating-point-types.html

MySQL支持空间数据类型，Point是可以使用的单值类型。例子:

CREATE TABLE `buildings` (
  `coordinate` POINT NOT NULL,
  /* Even from v5.7.5 you can define an index for it */
  SPATIAL INDEX `SPATIAL` (`coordinate`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

/* then for insertion you can */
INSERT INTO `buildings` 
(`coordinate`) 
VALUES
(POINT(40.71727401 -74.00898606));