使用前面评论中提到的BufferedReader，但这种方式更可读：

String FILE_PATH = "filepath.txt";

try (FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(FILE_PATH)) {
    BufferedReader fileBufferReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
    String text = fileBufferReader.lines()
        .collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));
    System.out.println(text);
} catch (IOException e) {
    // exception handling
}

如果您无权访问Files类，则可以使用本机解决方案。

static String readFile(File file, String charset)
        throws IOException
{
    FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
    byte[] buffer = new byte[fileInputStream.available()];
    int length = fileInputStream.read(buffer);
    fileInputStream.close();
    return new String(buffer, 0, length, charset);
}

我还不能评论其他条目，所以我就把它留在这里。

这里最好的答案之一(https://stackoverflow.com/a/326448/1521167):

private String readFile(String pathname) throws IOException {

File file = new File(pathname);
StringBuilder fileContents = new StringBuilder((int)file.length());
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(file);
String lineSeparator = System.getProperty("line.separator");

try {
    while(scanner.hasNextLine()) {        
        fileContents.append(scanner.nextLine() + lineSeparator);
    }
    return fileContents.toString();
} finally {
    scanner.close();
}
}

仍然有一个缺陷。它总是在字符串末尾添加换行符，这可能会导致一些奇怪的错误。我的建议是将其更改为：

    private String readFile(String pathname) throws IOException {
    File file = new File(pathname);
    StringBuilder fileContents = new StringBuilder((int) file.length());
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file)));
    String lineSeparator = System.getProperty("line.separator");

    try {
        if (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
            fileContents.append(scanner.nextLine());
        }
        while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
            fileContents.append(lineSeparator + scanner.nextLine());
        }
        return fileContents.toString();
    } finally {
        scanner.close();
    }
}

在java8中，有一个新类

java.util.stream.stream流

流表示一系列元素，并支持对这些元素执行计算的不同类型的操作

阅读更多信息：

Oracle文档

这里有一个例子：

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public Class ReadFile{
  public  static String readFile(String filePath) {
 StringBuilder  stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
    String ls = System.getProperty("line.separator");
        try {

            try (Stream<String> lines = Files.lines(Paths.get(filePath), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
                for (String line : (Iterable<String>) lines::iterator) {


                      stringBuilder.append(line);
                      stringBuilder.append(ls);


                }
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

      return stringBuilder.toString(); 


}

}

使用前面评论中提到的BufferedReader，但这种方式更可读：

String FILE_PATH = "filepath.txt";

try (FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(FILE_PATH)) {
    BufferedReader fileBufferReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
    String text = fileBufferReader.lines()
        .collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));
    System.out.println(text);
} catch (IOException e) {
    // exception handling
}

根据@erickson的回答，您可以使用：

public String readAll(String fileName) throws IOException {
    List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(new File(fileName).toPath());
    return String.join("\n", lines.toArray(new String[lines.size()]));
}