想要强制下载资源而不是直接在Web浏览器中呈现资源的Web应用程序在表单的HTTP响应中发出Content-Disposition报头:
Content-Disposition:附件;filename = filename
filename参数可用于建议浏览器将资源下载到的文件的名称。然而，RFC 2183 (Content-Disposition)在2.3节(文件名参数)中规定文件名只能使用US-ASCII字符:
当前[RFC 2045]语法限制
参数值(因此
内容-处置文件名)到
us - ascii。我们认可伟大的
允许任意的可取性
文件名中的字符集，但它是
超出了本文档的范围
定义必要的机制。
然而，有经验证据表明，目前大多数流行的Web浏览器似乎允许非us - ascii字符，但(由于缺乏标准)在文件名的编码方案和字符集规范上存在分歧。问题是，如果文件名“naïvefile”(不带引号，第三个字母是U+00EF)需要编码到Content-Disposition报头中，那么流行的浏览器采用了哪些不同的方案和编码?
为了解决这个问题，流行的浏览器是:
谷歌Chrome
Safari
Internet Explorer或Edge
火狐
歌剧
只是一个更新，因为我今天为了回应一个客户的问题而尝试了所有这些东西
With the exception of Safari configured for Japanese, all browsers our customer tested worked best with filename=text.pdf - where text is a customer value serialized by ASP.Net/IIS in utf-8 without url encoding. For some reason, Safari configured for English would accept and properly save a file with utf-8 Japanese name but that same browser configured for Japanese would save the file with the utf-8 chars uninterpreted. All other browsers tested seemed to work best/fine (regardless of language configuration) with the filename utf-8 encoded without url encoding.
I could not find a single browser implementing Rfc5987/8187 at all. I tested with the latest Chrome, Firefox builds plus IE 11 and Edge. I tried setting the header with just filename*=utf-8''texturlencoded.pdf, setting it with both filename=text.pdf; filename*=utf-8''texturlencoded.pdf. Not one feature of Rfc5987/8187 appeared to be getting processed correctly in any of the above.
我最终在“download.php”脚本中编写了以下代码(基于这篇博文和这些测试用例)。
$il1_filename = utf8_decode($filename);
$to_underscore = "\"\\#*;:|<>/?";
$safe_filename = strtr($il1_filename, $to_underscore, str_repeat("_", strlen($to_underscore)));
header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"$safe_filename\""
.( $safe_filename === $filename ? "" : "; filename*=UTF-8''".rawurlencode($filename) ));
只要只使用iso-latin1和“safe”字符，就使用标准的filename="…";如果不是，它会添加文件名*=UTF-8 " url编码的方式。根据这个具体的测试用例，它应该从MSIE9起，并在最近的FF, Chrome, Safari;在较低的MSIE版本中，它应该提供包含ISO8859-1版本的文件名，在非此编码的字符上使用下划线。
最后注意:最大值。在apache上，每个报头字段的大小为8190字节。UTF-8每个字符最多可以有四个字节;在rawurlencode之后，每个字符是x3 = 12字节。非常低效，但理论上仍然可以在文件名中有超过600个“smiles”%F0%9F%98%81。
PHP框架Symfony 4在HeaderUtils::makeDisposition中有$filenameFallback。
您可以查看这个函数的详细信息-它与上面的答案类似。
使用的例子:
$filenameFallback = preg_replace('#^.*\.#', md5($filename) . '.', $filename);
$disposition = $response->headers->makeDisposition(ResponseHeaderBag::DISPOSITION_ATTACHMENT, $filename, $filenameFallback);
$response->headers->set('Content-Disposition', $disposition);
只是一个更新，因为我今天为了回应一个客户的问题而尝试了所有这些东西
With the exception of Safari configured for Japanese, all browsers our customer tested worked best with filename=text.pdf - where text is a customer value serialized by ASP.Net/IIS in utf-8 without url encoding. For some reason, Safari configured for English would accept and properly save a file with utf-8 Japanese name but that same browser configured for Japanese would save the file with the utf-8 chars uninterpreted. All other browsers tested seemed to work best/fine (regardless of language configuration) with the filename utf-8 encoded without url encoding.
I could not find a single browser implementing Rfc5987/8187 at all. I tested with the latest Chrome, Firefox builds plus IE 11 and Edge. I tried setting the header with just filename*=utf-8''texturlencoded.pdf, setting it with both filename=text.pdf; filename*=utf-8''texturlencoded.pdf. Not one feature of Rfc5987/8187 appeared to be getting processed correctly in any of the above.
