我知道什么是a。在循环中(它在键上迭代),但我听说for…的第一次(它遍历值)。

我对……感到困惑。的循环。

var arr = [3, 5, 7];
arr.foo = "hello";
    
for (var i in arr) {
  console.log(i); // logs "0", "1", "2", "foo"
}
    
for (var i of arr) {
  console.log(i); // logs "3", "5", "7"
  // it doesn't log "3", "5", "7", "hello"
}

我理解为……Of迭代属性值。那为什么它记录的不是"3" "5" "7" "hello"而是"3" "5" "7"

不像……循环中,遍历每个键("0","1","2","foo"),也遍历foo键,for…Of不会遍历foo属性的值,即“hello”。为什么会这样?

在此我为……的循环。它应该日志“3”,“5”,“7”,“你好”,但日志“3”,“5”,“7”。为什么?

例子链接


当前回答

简单来说,forIN遍历数组(索引)/对象(键)中的key, 而forOF则遍历数组(value)的值。

其他回答

我在迭代器和生成器中找到了完整的答案(虽然它适用于TypeScript,但也适用于JavaScript)

Both for..of and for..in statements iterate over lists; the values iterated on are different though, for..in returns a list of keys on the object being iterated, whereas for..of returns a list of values of the numeric properties of the object being iterated. Here is an example that demonstrates this distinction: let list = [4, 5, 6]; for (let i in list) { console.log(i); // "0", "1", "2", } for (let i of list) { console.log(i); // "4", "5", "6" } Another distinction is that for..in operates on any object; it serves as a way to inspect properties on this object. for..of on the other hand, is mainly interested in values of iterable objects. Built-in objects like Map and Set implement Symbol.iterator property allowing access to stored values. let pets = new Set(["Cat", "Dog", "Hamster"]); pets["species"] = "mammals"; for (let pet in pets) { console.log(pet); // "species" } for (let pet of pets) { console.log(pet); // "Cat", "Dog", "Hamster" }

A看到了很多好的答案,但我决定把我的5美分只是为了有一个好的例子:

For in循环

遍历所有可枚举的道具

let nodes = document.documentElement.childNodes; 对于(var键在节点中){ Console.log (key); }

For循环

遍历所有可迭代值

let nodes = document.documentElement.childNodes; 对于(var节点中的节点){ console.log(node.toString()); }

简单的回答:为了……在键上循环,而for…对值的循环。

for (let x in ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] {
    console.log(x); 
}

// Output
0
1
2
3


for (let x of ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] {
    console.log(x); 
}

// Output
a
b
c
d

For of用于遍历可迭代对象,For in用于遍历对象属性

这里有一个要记住的小技巧:

For of不是针对对象的(而是针对可迭代对象的)

For in不是针对可迭代对象的,而是针对对象的

另一个技巧:

For in返回对象索引(键),而For of返回值

这里有一个有用的助记符来记住for…in Loop和for…的循环。

索引的对象

为…in Loop =>迭代数组中的索引。

为…of Loop =>遍历对象的对象。