我有两个JavaScript数组:

var array1 = ["Vijendra","Singh"];
var array2 = ["Singh", "Shakya"];

我希望输出为:

var array3 = ["Vijendra","Singh","Shakya"];

输出数组应删除重复的单词。

如何在JavaScript中合并两个数组,以便从每个数组中只获得唯一的项目,其顺序与它们插入原始数组的顺序相同?


当前回答

这很简单,可以用jQuery在一行中完成:

var arr1 = ['Vijendra', 'Singh'], arr2 =['Singh', 'Shakya'];

$.unique(arr1.concat(arr2))//one line

["Vijendra", "Singh", "Shakya"]

其他回答

//Array.indexOf was introduced in javascript 1.6 (ECMA-262) 
//We need to implement it explicitly for other browsers, 
if (!Array.prototype.indexOf)
{
  Array.prototype.indexOf = function(elt, from)
  {
    var len = this.length >>> 0;

    for (; from < len; from++)
    {
      if (from in this &&
          this[from] === elt)
        return from;
    }
    return -1;
  };
}
//now, on to the problem

var array1 = ["Vijendra","Singh"];
var array2 = ["Singh", "Shakya"];

var merged = array1.concat(array2);
var t;
for(i = 0; i < merged.length; i++)
  if((t = merged.indexOf(i + 1, merged[i])) != -1)
  {
    merged.splice(t, 1);
    i--;//in case of multiple occurrences
  }

其他浏览器的indexOf方法的实现取自MDC

仅合并阵列(不删除重复项)

ES5版本使用Array.concat:

var array1=[“Vijendra”,“Singh”];var array2=[“Singh”,“Shakya”];array1=array1.concat(array2);console.log(array1);

ES6版本使用销毁

const array1 = ["Vijendra","Singh"];
const array2 = ["Singh", "Shakya"];
const array3 = [...array1, ...array2];

由于没有“内置”的方法来删除重复项(ECMA-262实际上有Array.forEach,这将非常好),因此我们必须手动执行:

Array.prototype.unique = function() {
    var a = this.concat();
    for(var i=0; i<a.length; ++i) {
        for(var j=i+1; j<a.length; ++j) {
            if(a[i] === a[j])
                a.splice(j--, 1);
        }
    }

    return a;
};

然后,要使用它:

var array1 = ["Vijendra","Singh"];
var array2 = ["Singh", "Shakya"];
// Merges both arrays and gets unique items
var array3 = array1.concat(array2).unique(); 

这也将保持阵列的顺序(即,不需要排序)。

由于许多人对Array.prototype的原型扩充和in循环感到恼火,这里有一种不太侵入性的方法来使用它:

function arrayUnique(array) {
    var a = array.concat();
    for(var i=0; i<a.length; ++i) {
        for(var j=i+1; j<a.length; ++j) {
            if(a[i] === a[j])
                a.splice(j--, 1);
        }
    }

    return a;
}

var array1 = ["Vijendra","Singh"];
var array2 = ["Singh", "Shakya"];
    // Merges both arrays and gets unique items
var array3 = arrayUnique(array1.concat(array2));

对于那些有幸使用ES5可用的浏览器的人,可以像这样使用Object.defineProperty:

Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'unique', {
    enumerable: false,
    configurable: false,
    writable: false,
    value: function() {
        var a = this.concat();
        for(var i=0; i<a.length; ++i) {
            for(var j=i+1; j<a.length; ++j) {
                if(a[i] === a[j])
                    a.splice(j--, 1);
            }
        }

        return a;
    }
});

这很快,可以整理任意数量的数组,并且可以处理数字和字符串。

function collate(a){ // Pass an array of arrays to collate into one array
    var h = { n: {}, s: {} };
    for (var i=0; i < a.length; i++) for (var j=0; j < a[i].length; j++)
        (typeof a[i][j] === "number" ? h.n[a[i][j]] = true : h.s[a[i][j]] = true);
    var b = Object.keys(h.n);
    for (var i=0; i< b.length; i++)
        b[i]=Number(b[i]);
    return b.concat(Object.keys(h.s));
}

> a = [ [1,2,3], [3,4,5], [1,5,6], ["spoon", "fork", "5"] ]
> collate( a )

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, "5", "spoon", "fork"]

如果你不需要区分5和“5”,那么

function collate(a){
    var h = {};
    for (i=0; i < a.length; i++) for (var j=0; j < a[i].length; j++)
        h[a[i][j]] = typeof a[i][j] === "number";
    for (i=0, b=Object.keys(h); i< b.length; i++)
        if (h[b[i]])
            b[i]=Number(b[i]);
    return b;
}
[1, 2, 3, 4, "5", 6, "spoon", "fork"]

可以。

如果你不介意(或者更愿意)所有值都以字符串结尾,那么就这样:

function collate(a){
    var h = {};
    for (var i=0; i < a.length; i++)
        for (var j=0; j < a[i].length; j++)
            h[a[i][j]] = true;
    return Object.keys(h)
}
["1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "spoon", "fork"]

如果您实际上不需要数组,但只想收集唯一值并对其进行迭代,那么(在大多数浏览器(和node.js)中):

h = new Map();
for (i=0; i < a.length; i++)
    for (var j=0; j < a[i].length; j++)
        h.set(a[i][j]);

这可能更好。

带过滤器的最简单解决方案:

var array1 = ["Vijendra","Singh"];
var array2 = ["Singh", "Shakya"];

var mergedArrayWithoutDuplicates = array1.concat(
  array2.filter(seccondArrayItem => !array1.includes(seccondArrayItem))
);

表演

今天2020.10.15我在Chrome v86、Safari v13.1.2和Firefox v81上对MacOs HighSierra 10.13.6进行了测试,以确定所选的解决方案。

后果

适用于所有浏览器

解决方案H快速/最快解决方案L很快解决方案D在大型阵列的chrome上速度最快解决方案G在小阵列上速度很快解决方案M对于小型阵列来说是最慢的解决方案E对于大型阵列来说是最慢的

细节

我执行两个测试用例:

对于2元素数组-您可以在此处运行对于10000个元素数组-您可以在这里运行

关于解决方案A.BCDEGHJLM在下面的片段中显示

// https://stackoverflow.com/a/10499519/860099函数A(arr1,arr2){返回_并集(arr1,arr2)}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/53149853/860099函数B(arr1,arr2){return _.unionWith(arr1,arr2,_.isEqual);}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/27664971/860099函数C(arr1,arr2){return[…new Set([…arr1,…arr2])]}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/48130841/860099函数D(arr1,arr2){return Array.from(新集合(arr1.concat(arr2)))}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/23080662/860099函数E(arr1,arr2){return arr1.concat(arr2.filter((项)=>arr1.indexOf(项)<0))}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/28631880/860099函数G(arr1,arr2){var哈希={};变量i;对于(i=0;i<arr1.length;i++){hash[arr1[i]=真;}对于(i=0;i<arr2.length;i++){hash[ar2[i]=真;}return Object.keys(哈希);}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/13847481/860099函数H(a,b){var哈希={};var ret=[];对于(var i=0;i<a.length;i++){变量e=a[i];if(!hash[e]){hash[e]=真;ret.push(e);}}对于(var i=0;i<b.length;i++){变量e=b[i];if(!hash[e]){hash[e]=真;ret.push(e);}}返回ret;}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/1584377/860099函数J(arr1,arr2){函数arrayUnique(数组){var a=array.contat();对于(var i=0;i<a.length;++i){对于(var j=i+1;j<a.length;++j){如果(a[i]===a[j])a.接头(j-,1);}}返回a;}return arrayUnique(arr1.concat(arr2));}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/25120770/860099函数L(array1,array2){常量数组3=数组1.slice(0);设len1=阵列长度;设len2=阵列2.length;常量assoc={};而(len1--){assoc[array1[len1]]=空;}而(len2--){设itm=array2[len2];if(assoc[itm]==未定义){//消除indexOf调用array3.push(itm);assoc[itm]=空;}}返回数组3;}// https://stackoverflow.com/a/39336712/860099函数M(arr1,arr2){常量comp=f=>g=>x=>f(g(x));常量应用=f=>a=>f(a);常量flip=f=>b=>a=>f(a)(b);常量concat=xs=>y=>xs.contat(y);const afrom=应用(Array.from);const createSet=xs=>新集合(xs);常量过滤器=f=>xs=>xs.filter(apply(f));常量重复数据删除=comp(afrom)(createSet);常量并集=xs=>ys=>{const zs=创建集(xs);返回凹面(xs)(滤波器(x=>zs.has(x)? 假的:zs.add(x))(ys));}返回联合(重复数据消除(arr1))(arr2)}// -------------//测试// -------------var array1=[“Vijendra”,“Singh”];var array2=[“Singh”,“Shakya”];[A、B、C、D、E、G、H、J、L、M]。对于每个(f=>{console.log(`${f.name}[${f([…array1],[…array2])}]`);})<script src=“https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/4.17.20/lodash.min.js“integrity=”sha512-90vH1Z83AJY9DmlWa8WkjkV79yfS2n2Oxhsi2dZbIv0nC4E6m5AbH8Nh156kkM7JePmqD6tcZsfad1ueoaovww==“crossrorigin=”匿名“></script>此代码段仅显示性能测试中使用的函数-它本身不执行测试!

下面是chrome的示例测试运行

更新

我删除了案例F、I、K,因为它们修改了输入数组,基准测试给出了错误的结果