我有一个Nginx在码头集装箱里运行。我在主机系统上运行了MySql。我想从我的容器中连接到MySql。MySql仅绑定到本地主机设备。

是否有任何方法可以从这个docker容器连接到这个MySql或本地主机上的任何其他程序?

这个问题与“如何从docker容器中获取docker主机的IP地址”不同,因为docker主机IP地址可以是网络中的公共IP或私有IP,而这些IP可能在docker容器内无法访问(如果托管在AWS或其他地方,我指的是公共IP)。即使你有docker主机的IP地址,这并不意味着你可以从容器内连接到docker主机,因为你的docker网络可能是overlay、host、bridge、macvlan、none等,这限制了该IP地址的可达性。


当前回答

要使一切正常工作,您需要为服务器(caddy,nginx)创建一个配置,其中主域将为“docker.for.mac.localhost”http://localhost/api“在”http://docker.for.mac.localhost/api"

码头组合.yml

backend:
  restart: always
  image: backend
  build:
    dockerfile: backend.Dockerfile
    context: .
  environment:
    # add django setting.py os.getenv("var") to bd config and ALLOWED_HOSTS CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST
    DJANGO_ALLOWED_PROTOCOL: http
    DJANGO_ALLOWED_HOSTS: docker.for.mac.localhost
    POSTGRES_PASSWORD: 123456
    POSTGRES_USER: user
    POSTGRES_DB: bd_name
    WAITDB: "1"
  volumes:
    - backend_static:/app/static
    - backend_media:/app/media
  depends_on:
    - db

frontend:
  restart: always
  build:
    dockerfile: frontend.Dockerfile
    context: .
  image: frontend
  environment:
    #  replace baseURL for axios
    API_URL: http://docker.for.mac.localhost/b/api
    API_URL_BROWSER: http://docker.for.mac.localhost/b/api
    NUXT_HOST: 0.0.0.0
  depends_on:
    - backend

caddy:
  image: abiosoft/caddy
  restart: always
  volumes:
    - $HOME/.caddy:/root/.caddy
    - ./Caddyfile.local:/etc/Caddyfile
    - backend_static:/static
    - backend_media:/media
  ports:
  - 80:80
  depends_on:
    - frontend
    - backend
    - db

Caddyfile.local(Caddyfile.local)

http://docker.for.mac.localhost {

  proxy /b backend:5000 {
    header_upstream Host {host}
    header_upstream X-Real-IP {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-For {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Port {server_port}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Proto {scheme}
  }

  proxy / frontend:3000 {
    header_upstream Host {host}
    header_upstream X-Real-IP {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-For {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Port {server_port}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Proto {scheme}
  }

  root /

  log stdout
  errors stdout
  gzip
}

http://docker.for.mac.localhost/static {
  root /static
}

http://docker.for.mac.localhost/media {
  root /media
}

django设置.py

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [os.getenv("DJANGO_ALLOWED_HOSTS")]
    
CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = [f'{os.getenv("DJANGO_ALLOWED_PROTOCOL")}://{os.getenv("DJANGO_ALLOWED_HOSTS")}']

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2",
        "NAME": os.getenv("POSTGRES_DB"),
        "USER": os.getenv("POSTGRES_USER"),
        "PASSWORD": os.getenv("POSTGRES_PASSWORD"),
        "HOST": "db",
        "PORT": "5432",
    }
}

nuxt.config.js(baseURL变量将覆盖环境的API_URL)

axios: {
  baseURL: 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/b/api'
},

其他回答

我通过在MySQL中为容器的ip创建一个用户来解决这个问题:

$ sudo mysql<br>
mysql> create user 'username'@'172.17.0.2' identified by 'password';<br>
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on database_name.* to 'username'@'172.17.0.2' with grant option;<br>
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
<br>bind-address        = 172.17.0.1

$ sudo systemctl restart mysql.service

然后在容器上:jdbc:mysql://<b>172.17.0.1</b>:3306/database_name

你需要知道网关!我使用本地服务器的解决方案是在0.0.0.0:8000下公开它,然后使用子网运行docker并运行容器,如下所示:

docker network create --subnet=172.35.0.0/16 --gateway 172.35.0.1 SUBNET35
docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --net SUBNET35 <container-you-want-run-place-here>

因此,现在您可以通过http://172.35.0.1:8000

要使一切正常工作,您需要为服务器(caddy,nginx)创建一个配置,其中主域将为“docker.for.mac.localhost”http://localhost/api“在”http://docker.for.mac.localhost/api"

码头组合.yml

backend:
  restart: always
  image: backend
  build:
    dockerfile: backend.Dockerfile
    context: .
  environment:
    # add django setting.py os.getenv("var") to bd config and ALLOWED_HOSTS CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST
    DJANGO_ALLOWED_PROTOCOL: http
    DJANGO_ALLOWED_HOSTS: docker.for.mac.localhost
    POSTGRES_PASSWORD: 123456
    POSTGRES_USER: user
    POSTGRES_DB: bd_name
    WAITDB: "1"
  volumes:
    - backend_static:/app/static
    - backend_media:/app/media
  depends_on:
    - db

frontend:
  restart: always
  build:
    dockerfile: frontend.Dockerfile
    context: .
  image: frontend
  environment:
    #  replace baseURL for axios
    API_URL: http://docker.for.mac.localhost/b/api
    API_URL_BROWSER: http://docker.for.mac.localhost/b/api
    NUXT_HOST: 0.0.0.0
  depends_on:
    - backend

caddy:
  image: abiosoft/caddy
  restart: always
  volumes:
    - $HOME/.caddy:/root/.caddy
    - ./Caddyfile.local:/etc/Caddyfile
    - backend_static:/static
    - backend_media:/media
  ports:
  - 80:80
  depends_on:
    - frontend
    - backend
    - db

Caddyfile.local(Caddyfile.local)

http://docker.for.mac.localhost {

  proxy /b backend:5000 {
    header_upstream Host {host}
    header_upstream X-Real-IP {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-For {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Port {server_port}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Proto {scheme}
  }

  proxy / frontend:3000 {
    header_upstream Host {host}
    header_upstream X-Real-IP {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-For {remote}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Port {server_port}
    header_upstream X-Forwarded-Proto {scheme}
  }

  root /

  log stdout
  errors stdout
  gzip
}

http://docker.for.mac.localhost/static {
  root /static
}

http://docker.for.mac.localhost/media {
  root /media
}

django设置.py

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [os.getenv("DJANGO_ALLOWED_HOSTS")]
    
CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = [f'{os.getenv("DJANGO_ALLOWED_PROTOCOL")}://{os.getenv("DJANGO_ALLOWED_HOSTS")}']

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2",
        "NAME": os.getenv("POSTGRES_DB"),
        "USER": os.getenv("POSTGRES_USER"),
        "PASSWORD": os.getenv("POSTGRES_PASSWORD"),
        "HOST": "db",
        "PORT": "5432",
    }
}

nuxt.config.js(baseURL变量将覆盖环境的API_URL)

axios: {
  baseURL: 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/b/api'
},

我做了一个类似于上述帖子的黑客,获取本地IP以映射到容器中的别名(DNS)。主要问题是使用一个在Linux和OSX中都有效的简单脚本动态获取主机IP地址。我在两种环境中都使用了这个脚本(即使在配置了“$LANG”!=“en_*”的Linux发行版中也是如此):

ifconfig | grep -E "([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}" | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{ print $2 }' | cut -f2 -d: | head -n1

因此,使用Docker Compose,完整的配置将是:

启动脚本(docker run.sh):

export DOCKERHOST=$(ifconfig | grep -E "([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}" | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{ print $2 }' | cut -f2 -d: | head -n1)
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up

docker-compose.yml文件:

myapp:
  build: .
  ports:
    - "80:80"
  extra_hosts:
    - "dockerhost:$DOCKERHOST"

然后改变http://localhost到http://dockerhost在您的代码中。

有关如何定制DOCKERHOST脚本的更高级指南,请阅读本文并解释其工作原理。

在host.docker.internal为每个平台工作之前,您可以使用我的容器作为NAT网关,而无需任何手动设置:

https://github.com/qoomon/docker-host