我已经在我的本地机器上成功安装了Python 3.4和Python 3.6,但无法安装带有pip3的包。

当我执行pip3 install <package>时,我得到以下SSL相关错误:

pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
Collecting <package>
  Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/<package>/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available. - skipping
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement <package> (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for <package>

如何修复我的Python3。pip install <package>?


当前回答

从源代码构建是我在Ubuntu 22.10上的工作方式:

手动安装OpenSSL,在这里用OpenSSL 1.1.1测试,提取然后运行:

./config --prefix='/opt/openssl' --openssldir='/opt/ssl'
make
make install

然后使用旧版本的Python 3(这里是Python-3.8.16)运行:

export LD_RUN_PATH='/opt/openssl/lib'
export CC='gcc-12'  # sudo apt install gcc-12
./configure --enable-optimizations \
            --with-openssl='/opt/openssl' \
            --prefix='/opt/python/3.8' -C
make
make install

测试:

/opt/python/3.8/bin/python3 -c 'import ssl; print(ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION)'
OpenSSL 1.1.1s  1 Nov 2022

其他回答

如果你在Windows上使用anaconda,这对我来说是有效的:

我尝试了很多其他的解决方案,但没有工作(环境路径变量变化…)

该问题可能是由其他软件放置在Windows\System32文件夹中的dll(例如libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll或libssl-1_1-x64.dll或其他)引起的。

修复方法是从https://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html安装openSSL,它将dll替换为最新版本。

好的,这个问题的最新答案是,到目前为止不要使用Python 3.8,只使用3.7或更少的版本,因为大多数库都无法安装上面的错误

适用于osx brew用户

我的问题似乎与我的python安装有关,并通过重新安装python3和pip迅速解决。我认为它在操作系统更新后开始出错,但谁知道呢(此时我使用的是Mac OS 10.14.6)

brew reinstall python3 --force
# setup pip
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py
# installa pkg successfully 
pip install pandas

我在Debian9上安装python3.8.5时也遇到了同样的问题。我已经做了一个构建,但是当我尝试下载一些模块时,pip3.8出现了以下错误:

pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.

我已经搜索了问题的根源,发现python构建中有一个依赖于系统的部分是由系统独立的部分调用的。如果没有ssl,你只需要打开python终端,检查_ssl是否存在:

>>> help('modules')
.
.
_sre                enum                pwd                 wave
_ssl                errno               py_compile          weakref
_stat               faulthandler        pyclbr              webbrowser
.
.

如果不是,您的系统依赖ssl模块部分是缺失的。你也可以通过列出<python_installation_root>/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload的内容来检查:

>ls ./lib/python3.8/lib-dynload | grep ssl
_ssl.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so

这个问题是由PengShaw编写的,因为在构建过程中缺少libssl-dev。因此,您必须遵循推荐的python安装流程。首先安装先决条件,然后构建和安装python。在没有devel版本的库的情况下安装导致我的案例中缺少系统依赖部分。在本例中是_ssl。

注意Debian和CentOS的devel库名称不同,因此请检查网上发布的安装提示是否适合您特定的Linux系统类型:

For Debian:
sudo apt install -y libbz2-dev libffi-dev libssl-dev
./configure --enable-optimizations
make
make altinstall


For CentOS:
sudo yum -y install bzip2-devel libffi-devel openssl-devel
./configure --enable-optimizations
make
make altinstall

在配置和evtl之前列出配置选项肯定是个好主意。使用一些额外的选项:

./configure --help

最后但并非最不重要的是,如果您使用——prefix作为非默认安装位置,请记住将<python_installation_root>/lib添加到LD_LIBRARY_PATH。

I finally solve this issue. These are the detail of my env: Version of Python to install: 3.6.8 OS: Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS Root access: No Some people suggest to install libssl-dev, but it did not work for me. I follow this link and I fixed it! In short, I download, extract, build, and install OpenSSL (openssl-1.1.1b.tar.gz). Then, I modify .bashrc file follow this link. Next, I download and extract Python-3.6.8.tgz. I edit Modules/Setup.dist to modify SSL path (lines around #211). I did ./configure --prefix=$HOME/opt/python-3.6.8, make and make install. Last, I modify my .bashrc. Notice that I do not include --enable-optimizations in ./configure.