我也一直在考虑这个问题。从C的背景，你可以模拟函数返回的代码类型，以及参数类型，使用如下:

function top_function() {
    var rc;
    console.log("1st call");
    rc = Number(test_function("number", 1, "string", "my string"));
    console.log("typeof rc: " + typeof rc + "   rc: " + rc);
    console.log("2nd call");
    rc = Number(test_function("number", "a", "string", "my string"));
    console.log("typeof rc: " + typeof rc + "   rc: " + rc);
}
function test_function(parm_type_1, parm_val_1, parm_type_2, parm_val_2) {
    if (typeof parm_val_1 !== parm_type_1) console.log("Parm 1 not correct type");
    if (typeof parm_val_2 !== parm_type_2) console.log("Parm 2 not correct type");
    return parm_val_1;
}

在调用函数之前的Number返回一个Number类型，而不管实际返回值的类型是什么，就像在第二次调用中看到的，其中typeof rc = Number但值是NaN

上面的console.log是:

1st call
typeof rc: number   rc: 1
2nd call
Parm 1 not correct type
typeof rc: number   rc: NaN

不，JavaScript不是静态类型语言。有时可能需要手动检查函数体中的参数类型。

使用typeof或instanceof:

const assert = require('assert');

function myFunction(Date myDate, String myString)
{
    assert( typeof(myString) === 'string',  'Error message about incorrect arg type');
    assert( myDate instanceof Date,         'Error message about incorrect arg type');
}

也许是这样的辅助函数。但如果你发现自己经常使用这种语法，你可能应该切换到TypeScript。

function check(caller_args, ...types) {
    if(!types.every((type, index) => {
        if(typeof type === 'string')
            return typeof caller_args[index] === type
        return caller_args[index] instanceof type;
    })) throw Error("Illegal argument given");
}

function abc(name, id, bla) {
   check(arguments, "string", "number", MyClass)
   // code
}

不，相反，你需要根据你的需要做这样的事情:

function myFunction(myDate, myString) {
  if(arguments.length > 1 && typeof(Date.parse(myDate)) == "number" && typeof(myString) == "string") {
    //Code here
  }
}

虽然不能将类型通知JavaScript语言，但可以通知IDE，因此可以获得更有用的自动补全。

这里有两种方法:

Use JSDoc, a system for documenting JavaScript code in comments. In particular, you'll need the @param directive: /** * @param {Date} myDate - The date * @param {string} myString - The string */ function myFunction(myDate, myString) { // ... } You can also use JSDoc to define custom types and specify those in @param directives, but note that JSDoc won't do any type checking; it's only a documentation tool. To check types defined in JSDoc, look into TypeScript, which can parse JSDoc tags. Use type hinting by specifying the type right before the parameter in a /* comment */: This is a pretty widespread technique, used by ReactJS for instance. Very handy for parameters of callbacks passed to 3rd party libraries.

打印稿

对于实际的类型检查，最接近的解决方案是使用TypeScript，它是JavaScript的超集。这里是5分钟内的TypeScript。