我也一直在考虑这个问题。从C的背景，你可以模拟函数返回的代码类型，以及参数类型，使用如下:

function top_function() {
    var rc;
    console.log("1st call");
    rc = Number(test_function("number", 1, "string", "my string"));
    console.log("typeof rc: " + typeof rc + "   rc: " + rc);
    console.log("2nd call");
    rc = Number(test_function("number", "a", "string", "my string"));
    console.log("typeof rc: " + typeof rc + "   rc: " + rc);
}
function test_function(parm_type_1, parm_val_1, parm_type_2, parm_val_2) {
    if (typeof parm_val_1 !== parm_type_1) console.log("Parm 1 not correct type");
    if (typeof parm_val_2 !== parm_type_2) console.log("Parm 2 not correct type");
    return parm_val_1;
}

在调用函数之前的Number返回一个Number类型，而不管实际返回值的类型是什么，就像在第二次调用中看到的，其中typeof rc = Number但值是NaN

上面的console.log是:

1st call
typeof rc: number   rc: 1
2nd call
Parm 1 not correct type
typeof rc: number   rc: NaN

不，JavaScript不是静态类型语言。有时可能需要手动检查函数体中的参数类型。

也许是这样的辅助函数。但如果你发现自己经常使用这种语法，你可能应该切换到TypeScript。

function check(caller_args, ...types) {
    if(!types.every((type, index) => {
        if(typeof type === 'string')
            return typeof caller_args[index] === type
        return caller_args[index] instanceof type;
    })) throw Error("Illegal argument given");
}

function abc(name, id, bla) {
   check(arguments, "string", "number", MyClass)
   // code
}

虽然不能将类型通知JavaScript语言，但可以通知IDE，因此可以获得更有用的自动补全。

这里有两种方法:

Use JSDoc, a system for documenting JavaScript code in comments. In particular, you'll need the @param directive: /** * @param {Date} myDate - The date * @param {string} myString - The string */ function myFunction(myDate, myString) { // ... } You can also use JSDoc to define custom types and specify those in @param directives, but note that JSDoc won't do any type checking; it's only a documentation tool. To check types defined in JSDoc, look into TypeScript, which can parse JSDoc tags. Use type hinting by specifying the type right before the parameter in a /* comment */: This is a pretty widespread technique, used by ReactJS for instance. Very handy for parameters of callbacks passed to 3rd party libraries.

打印稿

对于实际的类型检查，最接近的解决方案是使用TypeScript，它是JavaScript的超集。这里是5分钟内的TypeScript。

不，相反，你需要根据你的需要做这样的事情:

function myFunction(myDate, myString) {
  if(arguments.length > 1 && typeof(Date.parse(myDate)) == "number" && typeof(myString) == "string") {
    //Code here
  }
}

您可以在函数中使用包装器来实现自动处理类型检查的系统。

使用这种方法，您可以构建一个完整的声明式类型检查系统，该系统将为您管理类型检查。 如果您有兴趣更深入地了解这个概念，请查看Functyped库

下面的实现以一种简单但有效的方式说明了主要思想:

/* * checkType() : Test the type of the value. If succeds return true, * if fails, throw an Error */ function checkType(value,type, i){ // perform the appropiate test to the passed // value according to the provided type switch(type){ case Boolean : if(typeof value === 'boolean') return true; break; case String : if(typeof value === 'string') return true; break; case Number : if(typeof value === 'number') return true; break; default : throw new Error(`TypeError : Unknown type provided in argument ${i+1}`); } // test didn't succeed , throw error throw new Error(`TypeError : Expecting a ${type.name} in argument ${i+1}`); } /* * typedFunction() : Constructor that returns a wrapper * to handle each function call, performing automatic * arguments type checking */ function typedFunction( parameterTypes, func ){ // types definitions and function parameters // count must match if(parameterTypes.length !== func.length) throw new Error(`Function has ${func.length} arguments, but type definition has ${parameterTypes.length}`); // return the wrapper... return function(...args){ // provided arguments count must match types // definitions count if(parameterTypes.length !== args.length) throw new Error(`Function expects ${func.length} arguments, instead ${args.length} found.`); // iterate each argument value, and perform a // type check against it, using the type definitions // provided in the construction stage for(let i=0; i<args.length;i++) checkType( args[i], parameterTypes[i] , i) // if no error has been thrown, type check succeed // execute function! return func(...args); } } // Play time! // Declare a function that expects 2 Numbers let myFunc = typedFunction( [ Number, Number ], (a,b)=>{ return a+b; }); // call the function, with an invalid second argument myFunc(123, '456') // ERROR! Uncaught Error: TypeError : Expecting a Number in argument 2