我正在升级一些旧的TypeScript代码以使用最新的编译器版本,我在调用setTimeout时有麻烦。代码期望调用浏览器的setTimeout函数,该函数返回一个数字:
setTimeout(处理程序:(…Args: any[]) => void, timeout: number): number;
但是,编译器将此解析为节点实现,该实现将返回NodeJS。定时器:
setTimeout(回调:(…Args: any[]) => void, ms: number,…args: any[]): NodeJS.Timer;
这段代码没有在节点中运行,但是节点类型被拉入作为对其他东西的依赖(不确定是什么)。
如何指示编译器选择我想要的setTimeout版本?
下面是问题代码:
let n: number;
n = setTimeout(function () { /* snip */ }, 500);
这将产生编译器错误:TS2322:类型'Timer'不能分配给类型'number'。
我正在使用RTL测试我的Counter应用程序,特别是在测试一个元素,如果计数达到15就要删除。由于组件在运行测试后被销毁,setTimeout仍然会在此之后运行,并抛出一个错误,说React不能对卸载的组件执行状态更新。因此,基于dhilt的回答,我能够以这种方式修复我的useEffect清理函数:
const [count, setCount] = useState(initialCount);
const [bigSize, setBigSize] = useState(initialCount >= 15);
useEffect(() => {
let id: NodeJS.Timeout;
if(count >= 15) {
id = setTimeout(() => setBigSize(true), 300);
}
return function cleanup() {
clearTimeout(id);
}
});
这是测试套件:
describe('when the incrementor changes to 5 and "add" button is clicked', () => {
beforeEach(async () => {
userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/Incrementor/), '{selectall}5');
userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', {name: "Add to Counter"}));
await screen.findByText('Current Count: 15');
})
it('renders Current Count: 15', () => {
expect(screen.getByText('Current Count: 15')).toBeInTheDocument();
});
it('renders too big and will dissapear after 300ms',async() => {
await waitForElementToBeRemoved(() => screen.queryByText(/size: small/i))
});
})
我还想提一下NodeJS的规范。超时包括[Symbol.toPrimitive](): number:
interface Timeout extends Timer {
/**
* If true, the `Timeout` object will keep the Node.js event loop active.
* @since v11.0.0
*/
hasRef(): boolean;
/**
* Sets the timer's start time to the current time, and reschedules the timer to
* call its callback at the previously specified duration adjusted to the current
* time. This is useful for refreshing a timer without allocating a new
* JavaScript object.
*
* Using this on a timer that has already called its callback will reactivate the
* timer.
* @since v10.2.0
* @return a reference to `timeout`
*/
refresh(): this;
[Symbol.toPrimitive](): number;
}
为了兼容性,Node中的其他超时api可以很好地处理普通整数id,它们不需要接受对象。这些对象用于“服务器”端,以允许对保持进程活跃和垃圾收集之类的事情进行更精细的控制。例如:
function clearTimeout(timeoutId: NodeJS.Timeout | string | number | undefined): void;
这意味着你可以对setTimeout和setInterval的结果使用原语强制转换:
let timeoutId: number | undefined;
timeoutId = Number(setTimeout(callback, ms));
function clear() {
clearTimeout(timeoutId);
}
与任何API都不冲突,同时如果您需要依赖它作为其他API契约的原始值,也不会给您带来类型问题。