我正在寻找一个命令行解决方案，将返回我的主(第一个)IP地址的本地主机，而不是127.0.0.1
该解决方案至少适用于Linux (Debian和RedHat)和OS X 10.7+
我知道在这两个平台上都可以使用ifconfig，但是它的输出在这些平台之间并不一致。
当前回答
我只是利用网络接口名称，我的自定义命令是
[[ $(ip addr | grep enp0s25) != '' ]] && ip addr show dev enp0s25 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p' || ip addr show dev eth0 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p'
在我自己的笔记本上
[flying@lempstacker ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[flying@lempstacker ~]$ [[ $(ip addr | grep enp0s25) != '' ]] && ip addr show dev enp0s25 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p' || ip addr show dev eth0 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p'
192.168.2.221
[flying@lempstacker ~]$
但如果网络接口拥有至少一个ip，那么它将显示属于它的所有ip
例如
Ubuntu 16.10
root@yakkety:~# sed -r -n 's@"@@g;s@^VERSION=(.*)@\1@p' /etc/os-release
16.04.1 LTS (Xenial Xerus)
root@yakkety:~# [[ $(ip addr | grep enp0s25) != '' ]] && ip addr show dev enp0s25 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p' || ip addr show dev eth0 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p'
178.62.236.250
root@yakkety:~#
Debian杰西
root@jessie:~# sed -r -n 's@"@@g;s@^PRETTY_NAME=(.*)@\1@p' /etc/os-release
Debian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)
root@jessie:~# [[ $(ip addr | grep enp0s25) != '' ]] && ip addr show dev enp0s25 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p' || ip addr show dev eth0 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p'
192.81.222.54
root@jessie:~#
CentOS 6 . 8
[root@centos68 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
[root@centos68 ~]# [[ $(ip addr | grep enp0s25) != '' ]] && ip addr show dev enp0s25 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p' || ip addr show dev eth0 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p'
162.243.17.224
10.13.0.5
[root@centos68 ~]# ip route get 1 | awk '{print $NF;exit}'
162.243.17.224
[root@centos68 ~]#
Fedora 24
[root@fedora24 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Fedora release 24 (Twenty Four)
[root@fedora24 ~]# [[ $(ip addr | grep enp0s25) != '' ]] && ip addr show dev enp0s25 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p' || ip addr show dev eth0 | sed -n -r 's@.*inet (.*)/.*brd.*@\1@p'
104.131.54.185
10.17.0.5
[root@fedora24 ~]# ip route get 1 | awk '{print $NF;exit}'
104.131.54.185
[root@fedora24 ~]#
link提供的命令ip route get 1 | awk '{print $NF;exit}'似乎更准确，而且更短。
其他回答
在一个默认网关的网络中查找这台计算机的IP地址(例如排除所有虚拟网络，docker桥接器)。互联网网关，wifi网关，以太网
ip route| grep $(ip route |grep default | awk '{ print $5 }') | grep -v "default" | awk '/scope/ { print $9 }'
适用于Linux。
测试:
➜ ~ ip route| grep $(ip route |grep default | awk '{ print $5 }') | grep -v "default" | awk '/scope/ { print $9 }'
192.168.0.114
➜ reverse-networking git:(feature/type-local) ✗ ifconfig wlp2s0
wlp2s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.114 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::d3b9:8e6e:caee:444 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether ac:x:y:z txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 25883684 bytes 27620415278 (25.7 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 27 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 7511319 bytes 1077539831 (1.0 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
在linux系统上获取本地ipv4地址的最短方法:
hostname -I | awk '{print $1}'
如果你知道网络接口(eth0, wlan, tun0等):
ifconfig eth0 | grep addr: | awk '{ print $2 }' | cut -d: -f2
linux下也可以通过该命令获取eth0的IP地址
/sbin/ip -4 -o addr show dev eth0| awk '{split($4,a,"/");print a[1]}'
输出如下所示
[root@localhost Sathish]# /sbin/ip -4 -o addr show dev eth0| awk '{split($4,a,"/");print a[1]}'
192.168.1.22
假设你需要自己的主要公共IP，就像从世界其他地方看到的那样，尝试以下任何一种:
wget http://ipecho.net/plain -O - -q
curl http://icanhazip.com
curl http://ifconfig.me/ip
