用Python打印XML非常漂亮

用Python打印XML的最佳方法(或各种方法)是什么?

当前回答

我在寻找“如何漂亮地打印html”时发现了这个问题

使用这篇文章中的一些想法，我调整了XML解决方案，以适用于XML或HTML:

from xml.dom.minidom import parseString as string_to_dom

def prettify(string, html=True):
    dom = string_to_dom(string)
    ugly = dom.toprettyxml(indent="  ")
    split = list(filter(lambda x: len(x.strip()), ugly.split('\n')))
    if html:
        split = split[1:]
    pretty = '\n'.join(split)
    return pretty

def pretty_print(html):
    print(prettify(html))

使用时是这样的:

html = """\
<div class="foo" id="bar"><p>'IDK!'</p><br/><div class='baz'><div>
<span>Hi</span></div></div><p id='blarg'>Try for 2</p>
<div class='baz'>Oh No!</div></div>
"""

pretty_print(html)

<div class="foo" id="bar">
  <p>'IDK!'</p>
  <br/>
  <div class="baz">
    <div>
      <span>Hi</span>
    </div>
  </div>
  <p id="blarg">Try for 2</p>
  <div class="baz">Oh No!</div>
</div>

2020-10-01 20:01:23

其他回答

XML pretty print for python看起来很适合这个任务。(名字也很恰当。)

另一种方法是使用pyXML，它有一个PrettyPrint函数。

2009-04-15 00:07:19

我遇到了这个问题，我是这样解决的:

def write_xml_file (self, file, xml_root_element, xml_declaration=False, pretty_print=False, encoding='unicode', indent='\t'):
    pretty_printed_xml = etree.tostring(xml_root_element, xml_declaration=xml_declaration, pretty_print=pretty_print, encoding=encoding)
    if pretty_print: pretty_printed_xml = pretty_printed_xml.replace('  ', indent)
    file.write(pretty_printed_xml)

在我的代码中，这个方法是这样调用的:

try:
    with open(file_path, 'w') as file:
        file.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>')

        # create some xml content using etree ...

        xml_parser = XMLParser()
        xml_parser.write_xml_file(file, xml_root, xml_declaration=False, pretty_print=True, encoding='unicode', indent='\t')

except IOError:
    print("Error while writing in log file!")

这只是因为etree默认使用两个空格来缩进，我发现这不是很强调缩进，因此不漂亮。我找不到任何树的设置或任何函数的参数来改变标准树缩进。我喜欢使用etree的简单性，但这真的让我很恼火。

2015-07-27 23:06:29

使用etree。缩进和etree.tostring

import lxml.etree as etree

root = etree.fromstring('<html><head></head><body><h1>Welcome</h1></body></html>')
etree.indent(root, space="  ")
xml_string = etree.tostring(root, pretty_print=True).decode()
print(xml_string)

输出

<html>
  <head/>
  <body>
    <h1>Welcome</h1>
  </body>
</html>

删除名称空间和前缀

import lxml.etree as etree


def dump_xml(element):
    for item in element.getiterator():
        item.tag = etree.QName(item).localname

    etree.cleanup_namespaces(element)
    etree.indent(element, space="  ")
    result = etree.tostring(element, pretty_print=True).decode()
    return result


root = etree.fromstring('<cs:document xmlns:cs="http://blabla.com"><name>hello world</name></cs:document>')
xml_string = dump_xml(root)
print(xml_string)

输出

<document>
  <name>hello world</name>
</document>

2020-10-08 21:01:26

下面是我解决难看的文本节点问题的解决方案。

uglyXml = doc.toprettyxml(indent='  ')

text_re = re.compile('>\n\s+([^<>\s].*?)\n\s+</', re.DOTALL)    
prettyXml = text_re.sub('>\g<1></', uglyXml)

print prettyXml

上面的代码将产生:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<issues>
  <issue>
    <id>1</id>
    <title>Add Visual Studio 2005 and 2008 solution files</title>
    <details>We need Visual Studio 2005/2008 project files for Windows.</details>
  </issue>
</issues>

而不是这样:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<issues>
  <issue>
    <id>
      1
    </id>
    <title>
      Add Visual Studio 2005 and 2008 solution files
    </title>
    <details>
      We need Visual Studio 2005/2008 project files for Windows.
    </details>
  </issue>
</issues>

免责声明:可能有一些限制。

2010-07-29 22:18:57

from lxml import etree
import xml.dom.minidom as mmd

xml_root = etree.parse(xml_fiel_path, etree.XMLParser())

def print_xml(xml_root):
    plain_xml = etree.tostring(xml_root).decode('utf-8')
    urgly_xml = ''.join(plain_xml .split())
    good_xml = mmd.parseString(urgly_xml)
    print(good_xml.toprettyxml(indent='    ',))

它的工作良好的xml与中国!

2019-08-12 09:24:45

用Python打印XML非常漂亮

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