如果您想提取最后一个文件扩展名，如果它有多个

class functions:
    def listdir(self, filepath):
        return os.listdir(filepath)
    
func = functions()

os.chdir("C:\\Users\Asus-pc\Downloads") #absolute path, change this to your directory
current_dir = os.getcwd()

for i in range(len(func.listdir(current_dir))): #i is set to numbers of files and directories on path directory
    if os.path.isfile((func.listdir(current_dir))[i]): #check if it is a file
        fileName = func.listdir(current_dir)[i] #put the current filename into a variable
        rev_fileName = fileName[::-1] #reverse the filename
        currentFileExtension = rev_fileName[:rev_fileName.index('.')][::-1] #extract from beginning until before .
        print(currentFileExtension) #output can be mp3,pdf,ini,exe, depends on the file on your absolute directory

输出为mp3，即使只有一个扩展名也能正常工作

import os.path
extension = os.path.splitext(filename)[1]

使用os.path.splitext：

>>> import os
>>> filename, file_extension = os.path.splitext('/path/to/somefile.ext')
>>> filename
'/path/to/somefile'
>>> file_extension
'.ext'

与大多数手动字符串拆分尝试不同，os.path.splitext将正确地将/a/b.c/d视为没有扩展名而不是扩展名.c/d，并将.bashrc视为没有延伸名而不是具有扩展名.bashrc：

>>> os.path.splitext('/a/b.c/d')
('/a/b.c/d', '')
>>> os.path.splitext('.bashrc')
('.bashrc', '')

这是一种直接的字符串表示技术：我看到提到了很多解决方案，但我认为大多数都在考虑拆分。然而，每次出现“.”时，Split都会执行此操作。您更希望查找的是分区。

string = "folder/to_path/filename.ext"
extension = string.rpartition(".")[-1]

为了好玩。。。只需收集dict中的扩展，并在文件夹中跟踪所有扩展。然后，只要拉动你想要的延伸部分。

import os

search = {}

for f in os.listdir(os.getcwd()):
    fn, fe = os.path.splitext(f)
    try:
        search[fe].append(f)
    except:
        search[fe]=[f,]

extensions = ('.png','.jpg')
for ex in extensions:
    found = search.get(ex,'')
    if found:
        print(found)

filename='ext.tar.gz'
extension = filename[filename.rfind('.'):]