是否有从文件名中提取扩展名的功能?


当前回答

如果您想提取最后一个文件扩展名,如果它有多个

class functions:
    def listdir(self, filepath):
        return os.listdir(filepath)
    
func = functions()

os.chdir("C:\\Users\Asus-pc\Downloads") #absolute path, change this to your directory
current_dir = os.getcwd()

for i in range(len(func.listdir(current_dir))): #i is set to numbers of files and directories on path directory
    if os.path.isfile((func.listdir(current_dir))[i]): #check if it is a file
        fileName = func.listdir(current_dir)[i] #put the current filename into a variable
        rev_fileName = fileName[::-1] #reverse the filename
        currentFileExtension = rev_fileName[:rev_fileName.index('.')][::-1] #extract from beginning until before .
        print(currentFileExtension) #output can be mp3,pdf,ini,exe, depends on the file on your absolute directory

输出为mp3,即使只有一个扩展名也能正常工作

其他回答

另一种右拆分解决方案:

# to get extension only

s = 'test.ext'

if '.' in s: ext = s.rsplit('.', 1)[1]

# or, to get file name and extension

def split_filepath(s):
    """
    get filename and extension from filepath 
    filepath -> (filename, extension)
    """
    if not '.' in s: return (s, '')
    r = s.rsplit('.', 1)
    return (r[0], r[1])

3.4版新增。

import pathlib

print(pathlib.Path('yourPath.example').suffix) # '.example'
print(pathlib.Path("hello/foo.bar.tar.gz").suffixes) # ['.bar', '.tar', '.gz']

我很惊讶还没有人提到pathlib,pathlib太棒了!

您可以使用以下代码拆分文件名和扩展名。

    import os.path
    filenamewithext = os.path.basename(filepath)
    filename, ext = os.path.splitext(filenamewithext)
    #print file name
    print(filename)
    #print file extension
    print(ext)

令人惊讶的是,这还没有被提及:

import os
fn = '/some/path/a.tar.gz'

basename = os.path.basename(fn)  # os independent
Out[] a.tar.gz

base = basename.split('.')[0]
Out[] a

ext = '.'.join(basename.split('.')[1:])   # <-- main part

# if you want a leading '.', and if no result `None`:
ext = '.' + ext if ext else None
Out[] .tar.gz

优点:

对我能想到的任何事情都能如愿以偿无模块无正则表达式跨平台易于扩展(例如,没有用于扩展的前导点,只有扩展的最后部分)

作为函数:

def get_extension(filename):
    basename = os.path.basename(filename)  # os independent
    ext = '.'.join(basename.split('.')[1:])
    return '.' + ext if ext else None

这是在一行中同时获取文件名和扩展名的最简单方法。

fName, ext = 'C:/folder name/Flower.jpeg'.split('/')[-1].split('.')

>>> print(fName)
Flower
>>> print(ext)
jpeg

与其他解决方案不同,您不需要为此导入任何包。