如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:

select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
        ic.column_id = c.column_id

where i.index_id > 0    
 and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
 and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
 and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
 and i.is_disabled = 0
 and i.is_hypothetical = 0
 and ic.key_ordinal > 0

order by ic.key_ordinal

这可不是我想要的。 我想要的是,列出所有用户定义的索引,(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。


当前回答

在Oracle中

select CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME,CONNECYBY.COLUMN_NAME
from (  select TABLE_OWNER SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_POSITION,trim(',' from sys_connect_by_path(COLUMN_NAME,',')) COLUMN_NAME
        from DBA_IND_COLUMNS
        start with COLUMN_POSITION = 1
        connect by TABLE_OWNER = prior TABLE_OWNER
        and TABLE_NAME = prior TABLE_NAME
        and INDEX_NAME = prior INDEX_NAME
        and COLUMN_POSITION = prior COLUMN_POSITION + 1) CONNECYBY
join (  select TABLE_OWNER SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,max(COLUMN_POSITION) COLUMN_POSITION
        from DBA_IND_COLUMNS
        group by TABLE_OWNER,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME) MAX_CONNECYBY
on (    CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME = MAX_CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME
        and CONNECYBY.COLUMN_POSITION = MAX_CONNECYBY.COLUMN_POSITION)
order by CONNECYBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECYBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECYBY.INDEX_NAME

SQL Server 与

CONNECTBY(SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME,INDEX_COLUMN_ID,COLUMN_NAME) 
as 
    (   select SCHEMAS.NAME SCHEMA_NAME
            , TABLES.NAME TABLE_NAME
            , INDEXES.NAME INDEX_NAME
            , INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID INDEX_COLUMN_ID
            , cast(COLUMNS.NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX)) COLUMN_NAME
        from SYS.INDEXES
        join SYS.TABLES on (INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = TABLES.OBJECT_ID)
        join SYS.SCHEMAS on (TABLES.SCHEMA_ID = SCHEMAS.SCHEMA_ID)
        join SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS on ( INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = INDEX_COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_ID = INDEXES.INDEX_ID)
        join SYS.COLUMNS on (   INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                and INDEX_COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID = COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID)
        where INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = 1
        union all
        select SCHEMAS.NAME SCHEMA_NAME
            , TABLES.NAME TABLE_NAME
            , INDEXES.NAME INDEX_NAME
            , INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID INDEX_COLUMN_ID
            , cast(PRIOR.COLUMN_NAME + ',' + COLUMNS.NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX)) COLUMN_NAME
        from SYS.INDEXES
        join SYS.TABLES on (INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = TABLES.OBJECT_ID)
        join SYS.SCHEMAS on (TABLES.SCHEMA_ID = SCHEMAS.SCHEMA_ID)
        join SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS on ( INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = INDEX_COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_ID = INDEXES.INDEX_ID)
        join SYS.COLUMNS on (   INDEXES.OBJECT_ID = COLUMNS.OBJECT_ID 
                                and INDEX_COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID = COLUMNS.COLUMN_ID)
        join CONNECTBY as PRIOR on (SCHEMAS.NAME = PRIOR.SCHEMA_NAME 
                                    and TABLES.NAME = PRIOR.TABLE_NAME 
                                    and INDEXES.NAME = PRIOR.INDEX_NAME 
                                    and INDEX_COLUMNS.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = PRIOR.INDEX_COLUMN_ID + 1))
select CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME,CONNECTBY.COLUMN_NAME
from CONNECTBY
join (  select  SCHEMA_NAME
                , TABLE_NAME
                , INDEX_NAME
                , MAX(INDEX_COLUMN_ID) INDEX_COLUMN_ID
        from CONNECTBY 
        group by SCHEMA_NAME,TABLE_NAME,INDEX_NAME) MAX_CONNECTBY
        on (CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME = MAX_CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME
            and CONNECTBY.INDEX_COLUMN_ID = MAX_CONNECTBY.INDEX_COLUMN_ID)
order by CONNECTBY.SCHEMA_NAME,CONNECTBY.TABLE_NAME,CONNECTBY.INDEX_NAME

其他回答

——简短而甜蜜:

SELECT OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(T.[object_id],DB_ID()) AS [Schema],  
  T.[name] AS [table_name], I.[name] AS [index_name], AC.[name] AS [column_name],  
  I.[type_desc], I.[is_unique], I.[data_space_id], I.[ignore_dup_key], I.[is_primary_key], 
  I.[is_unique_constraint], I.[fill_factor],    I.[is_padded], I.[is_disabled], I.[is_hypothetical], 
  I.[allow_row_locks], I.[allow_page_locks], IC.[is_descending_key], IC.[is_included_column] 
FROM sys.[tables] AS T  
  INNER JOIN sys.[indexes] I ON T.[object_id] = I.[object_id]  
  INNER JOIN sys.[index_columns] IC ON I.[object_id] = IC.[object_id] 
  INNER JOIN sys.[all_columns] AC ON T.[object_id] = AC.[object_id] AND IC.[column_id] = AC.[column_id] 
WHERE T.[is_ms_shipped] = 0 AND I.[type_desc] <> 'HEAP' 
ORDER BY T.[name], I.[index_id], IC.[key_ordinal]   

这是一种回退到索引的方法。您可以使用SHOWCONTIG来评估碎片。它将列出数据库或表的所有索引,以及统计信息。我要提醒的是,在大型数据库上,它可能是长时间运行的。对我来说,这种方法的好处之一是您不必是管理员就可以使用它。

——显示数据库中所有索引的碎片信息

SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO

...完成后关闭NOCOUNT

——显示表中所有索引的碎片信息

SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors) WITH ALL_INDEXES
GO

——显示特定索引上的碎片信息

SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors,aunmind)
GO

下面的查询包含了所有列的用户定义索引的所有相关信息(对于唯一约束和主键没有索引):

SELECT I.name as IndexName, 
        CASE WHEN I.is_unique = 1 THEN 'Yes' ELSE 'No' END as 'Unique',
        I.type_desc COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT as Index_Type,
        '[' + SCHEMA_NAME(T.schema_id) + ']' as 'Schema',
        '[' + T.name + ']' as TableName,
        STUFF((SELECT ', [' + C.name + CASE WHEN IC.is_descending_key = 0 THEN '] ASC' ELSE '] DESC' END
            FROM sys.index_columns IC INNER JOIN sys.columns C ON  IC.object_id = C.object_id  AND IC.column_id = C.column_id
            WHERE IC.is_included_column = 0 AND IC.object_id = I.object_id AND IC.index_id = I.Index_id
            FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 2, '') as Key_Columns,
        Included_Columns, 
        I.filter_definition,
        CASE WHEN I.is_padded = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END as PAD_INDEX, 
        CASE WHEN ST.no_recompute = 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE 'ON' END as [Statistics_Norecompute],
        CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), CASE WHEN I.fill_factor = 0 THEN 100 ELSE I.fill_factor END) as [Fillfactor],
        CASE WHEN I.ignore_dup_key = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END as [Ignore_Dup_Key],       
        CASE WHEN I.allow_row_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END as [Allow_Row_Locks], 
        CASE WHEN I.allow_page_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END [Allow_Page_Locks]        
FROM    sys.indexes I INNER JOIN        
        sys.tables T ON  T.object_id = I.object_id INNER JOIN       
        sys.stats ST ON  ST.object_id = I.object_id AND ST.stats_id = I.index_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.data_spaces DS ON  I.data_space_id = DS.data_space_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.filegroups FG ON  I.data_space_id = FG.data_space_id LEFT OUTER JOIN 
        (SELECT * FROM 
            (SELECT IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id,
                STUFF((SELECT ', ' + C.name FROM sys.index_columns IC1 INNER JOIN 
                    sys.columns C ON C.object_id = IC1.object_id
                        AND C.column_id = IC1.column_id
                        AND IC1.is_included_column = 1
                    WHERE  IC1.object_id = IC2.object_id AND IC1.index_id = IC2.index_id
                    GROUP BY IC1.object_id, C.name, index_id  FOR XML PATH('')
                ), 1, 2, '') as Included_Columns
            FROM sys.index_columns IC2
            GROUP BY IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id) tmp1
            WHERE Included_Columns IS NOT NULL
        ) tmp2
        ON tmp2.object_id = I.object_id AND tmp2.index_id = I.index_id
WHERE I.is_primary_key = 0 AND I.is_unique_constraint = 0;

作为额外的奖励,下面的查询被格式化为写出创建索引和删除索引脚本:

SELECT I.name as IndexName, 
        -- Uncommnent line below to include checking for index exists as part of the script
        --'IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE name = '''+ I.name +''') ' +
        'CREATE ' + CASE WHEN I.is_unique = 1 THEN ' UNIQUE ' ELSE '' END +
        I.type_desc COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT + ' INDEX [' +
        I.name + '] ON [' + SCHEMA_NAME(T.schema_id) + '].[' + T.name + '] (' + STUFF(
        (SELECT ', [' + C.name + CASE WHEN IC.is_descending_key = 0 THEN '] ASC' ELSE '] DESC' END
            FROM sys.index_columns IC INNER JOIN sys.columns C ON  IC.object_id = C.object_id  AND IC.column_id = C.column_id
            WHERE IC.is_included_column = 0 AND IC.object_id = I.object_id AND IC.index_id = I.Index_id
            FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 2, '')  + ') ' +
        ISNULL(' INCLUDE (' + IncludedColumns + ') ', '') +
        ISNULL(' WHERE ' + I.filter_definition, '') + 
        'WITH (PAD_INDEX = ' + CASE WHEN I.is_padded = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END + 
        ', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = ' + CASE WHEN ST.no_recompute = 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE 'ON' END + 
        ', SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF' + 
        ', FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(5), CASE WHEN I.fill_factor = 0 THEN 100 ELSE I.fill_factor END) +
        ', IGNORE_DUP_KEY = ' + CASE WHEN I.ignore_dup_key = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END +      
        ', ONLINE = OFF' + 
        ', ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ' + CASE WHEN I.allow_row_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END + 
        ', ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ' + CASE WHEN I.allow_page_locks = 1 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END + 
        ') ON [' + DS.name + '];' + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + 'GO' as [CreateIndex],
        'DROP INDEX ['+ I.name +'] ON ['+ SCHEMA_NAME(T.schema_id) +'].['+ T.name +'];' +
        CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + 'GO' AS [DropIndex]
FROM    sys.indexes I INNER JOIN        
        sys.tables T ON  T.object_id = I.object_id INNER JOIN       
        sys.stats ST ON  ST.object_id = I.object_id AND ST.stats_id = I.index_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.data_spaces DS ON  I.data_space_id = DS.data_space_id INNER JOIN 
        sys.filegroups FG ON  I.data_space_id = FG.data_space_id LEFT OUTER JOIN 
        (SELECT * FROM 
            (SELECT IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id,
                STUFF((SELECT ', ' + C.name FROM sys.index_columns IC1 INNER JOIN 
                    sys.columns C ON C.object_id = IC1.object_id
                        AND C.column_id = IC1.column_id
                        AND IC1.is_included_column = 1
                    WHERE  IC1.object_id = IC2.object_id AND IC1.index_id = IC2.index_id
                    GROUP BY IC1.object_id, C.name, index_id  FOR XML PATH('')
                ), 1, 2, '') as IncludedColumns
            FROM sys.index_columns IC2
            GROUP BY IC2.object_id, IC2.index_id) tmp1
            WHERE IncludedColumns IS NOT NULL
        ) tmp2
        ON tmp2.object_id = I.object_id AND tmp2.index_id = I.index_id
WHERE I.is_primary_key = 0 AND I.is_unique_constraint = 0 

我没有经过,但是我在原作者发布的查询中得到了我想要的东西。

我使用它(没有条件/过滤器)来满足我的需求,但它给出了不正确的结果

主要问题是在index_id上没有连接条件的情况下得到叉乘

SELECT S.NAME SCHEMA_NAME,T.NAME TABLE_NAME,I.NAME INDEX_NAME,C.NAME COLUMN_NAME
  FROM SYS.TABLES T
       INNER JOIN SYS.SCHEMAS S
    ON T.SCHEMA_ID = S.SCHEMA_ID
       INNER JOIN SYS.INDEXES I
    ON I.OBJECT_ID = T.OBJECT_ID
       INNER JOIN SYS.INDEX_COLUMNS IC
    ON IC.OBJECT_ID = T.OBJECT_ID
       INNER JOIN SYS.COLUMNS C
    ON C.OBJECT_ID  = T.OBJECT_ID
   **AND IC.INDEX_ID    = I.INDEX_ID**
   AND IC.COLUMN_ID = C.COLUMN_ID
 WHERE 1=1

ORDER BY I.NAME,I.INDEX_ID,IC.KEY_ORDINAL

当我有这个需求时,我使用了以下查询…

SELECT 
    TableName = t.name,
    ColumnId = col.column_id, 
    ColumnName = col.name,
    DataType = ty.name,
    MaxSize = ty.max_length,
    IsNullable = CASE WHEN (col.is_nullable = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsIdentity = CASE WHEN (col.is_identity = 1) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsPrimaryKey = CASE WHEN (ic.column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsForeignKey = CASE WHEN (fkc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END,
    IsDefault = CASE WHEN (dc.parent_column_id = col.column_id) THEN 'Y' END
FROM 
    sys.tables t
INNER JOIN 
     sys.columns col ON t.object_id = col.object_id 
LEFT JOIN
    sys.indexes ind ON t.object_id = ind.object_id 
LEFT JOIN 
     sys.index_columns ic ON ic.index_id=ind.index_id AND ic.object_id = col.object_id and ic.column_id = col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
                ON fkc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND fkc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints dc
                ON dc.parent_object_id = col.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id=col.column_id
LEFT JOIN
     sys.types ty on ty.user_type_id = col.user_type_id

WHERE
    --t.name='<TABLENAME>'
    t.schema_id = 10    --SCHEMA ID
    AND ind.is_primary_key=1    
ORDER BY
    t.name, ColumnId