据我所知,web worker需要写在一个单独的JavaScript文件中,并像这样调用:

new Worker('longrunning.js')

我正在使用闭包编译器来合并和缩小我所有的JavaScript源代码,我不希望将我的worker放在单独的文件中进行分发。有什么办法可以做到吗?

new Worker(function() {
    //Long-running work here
});

既然一级函数对JavaScript如此重要,为什么标准的后台工作方式必须从web服务器加载整个其他JavaScript文件呢?


当前回答

我使用这样的代码,你可以将onmessage定义为一个函数而不是纯文本,这样编辑器就可以突出显示你的代码和jshint工作。

const worker = createWorker(); createWorker() { const scriptContent = getWorkerScript(); const blob = new Blob([ scriptContent, ], { type: "text/javascipt" }); const worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)); return worker; } getWorkerScript() { const script = { onmessage: function (e) { console.log(e); let result = "Hello " + e.data postMessage(result); } }; let content = ""; for (let prop in script){ content += `${prop}=${script[prop].toString()}`; } return content; }

其他回答

一个更好的阅读方式为内联工人..

    var worker_fn = function(e) 
    {
        self.postMessage('msg from worker');            
    };

    var blob = new Blob(["onmessage ="+worker_fn.toString()], { type: "text/javascript" });

    var worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob));
    worker.onmessage = function(e) 
    {
       alert(e.data);
    };
    worker.postMessage("start"); 

使用Blob方法,对于工人工厂来说是这样的:

var BuildWorker = function(foo){
   var str = foo.toString()
             .match(/^\s*function\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{(([\s\S](?!\}$))*[\s\S])/)[1];
   return  new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(
                      new Blob([str],{type:'text/javascript'})));
}

所以你可以这样使用它…

var myWorker = BuildWorker(function(){
   //first line of worker
   self.onmessage(){....};
   //last line of worker
});

编辑:

我只是进一步扩展了这个想法,以便更容易地进行跨线程通信:bridge -worker.js。

编辑2:

上面的链接是我创建的一个要点。后来又有人把它变成了真正的回购。

http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/workers/basics/#toc-inlineworkers

如果您希望动态地创建工作人员脚本,或者创建一个自包含的页面,而不必创建单独的工作人员文件,该怎么办?使用Blob(),您可以通过将工作代码的URL句柄创建为字符串,将工作代码“内联”到与主逻辑相同的HTML文件中


BLOB inline worker的完整示例:

<!DOCTYPE html> <script id="worker1" type="javascript/worker"> // This script won't be parsed by JS engines because its type is javascript/worker. self.onmessage = function(e) { self.postMessage('msg from worker'); }; // Rest of your worker code goes here. </script> <script> var blob = new Blob([ document.querySelector('#worker1').textContent ], { type: "text/javascript" }) // Note: window.webkitURL.createObjectURL() in Chrome 10+. var worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)); worker.onmessage = function(e) { console.log("Received: " + e.data); } worker.postMessage("hello"); // Start the worker. </script>

使用我的小插件https://github.com/zevero/worker-create

var worker_url = Worker.createURL(function(e){
  self.postMessage('Example post from Worker'); //your code here
});
var worker = new Worker(worker_url);

是的,这是可能的,我做到了使用Blob文件和传递回调

我将向您展示我编写的一个类是做什么的,以及它如何在后台管理回调的执行。

首先,你要实例化GenericWebWorker,使用你想要传递给回调的任何数据,这些数据将在WebWorker中执行,包括你想要使用的函数,在这种情况下,一个数字,一个日期和一个叫做blocker的函数

var worker = new GenericWebWorker(100, new Date(), blocker)

这个阻塞器函数将在n毫秒内执行一个无限while

function blocker (ms) {
    var now = new Date().getTime();
    while(true) {
        if (new Date().getTime() > now +ms)
            return;
    }   
}

然后像这样用

worker.exec((num, date, fnBlocker) => {
    /*Everithing here does not block the main thread
      and this callback has access to the number, date and the blocker */
    fnBlocker(10000) //All of this run in backgrownd
    return num*10

}).then(d => console.log(d)) //Print 1000

现在,是时候看看下面例子中的神奇之处了

/*https://github.com/fercarvo/GenericWebWorker*/ class GenericWebWorker { constructor(...ags) { this.args = ags.map(a => (typeof a == 'function') ? {type:'fn', fn:a.toString()} : a) } async exec(cb) { var wk_string = this.worker.toString(); wk_string = wk_string.substring(wk_string.indexOf('{') + 1, wk_string.lastIndexOf('}')); var wk_link = window.URL.createObjectURL( new Blob([ wk_string ]) ); var wk = new Worker(wk_link); wk.postMessage({ callback: cb.toString(), args: this.args }); var resultado = await new Promise((next, error) => { wk.onmessage = e => (e.data && e.data.error) ? error(e.data.error) : next(e.data); wk.onerror = e => error(e.message); }) wk.terminate(); window.URL.revokeObjectURL(wk_link); return resultado } async parallel(arr, cb) { var res = [...arr].map(it => new GenericWebWorker(it, ...this.args).exec(cb)) var all = await Promise.all(res) return all } worker() { onmessage = async function (e) { try { var cb = new Function(`return ${e.data.callback}`)(); var args = e.data.args.map(p => (p.type == 'fn') ? new Function(`return ${p.fn}`)() : p); try { var result = await cb.apply(this, args); //If it is a promise or async function return postMessage(result) } catch (e) { throw new Error(`CallbackError: ${e}`) } } catch (e) { postMessage({error: e.message}) } } } } function blocker (ms) { var now = new Date().getTime(); while(true) { if (new Date().getTime() > now +ms) return; } } setInterval(()=> console.log("Not blocked " + Math.random()), 1000) console.log("\n\nstarting blocking code in Worker\n\n") var worker = new GenericWebWorker(100, new Date(), blocker) worker.exec((num, date, fnBlocker) => { fnBlocker(7000) //All of this run in backgrownd return num*10 }) .then(d => console.log(`\n\nEnd of blocking code: result ${d}\n\n`)) //Print 1000