我有一个SQL Server数据库,我想知道它有什么列和类型。我更喜欢通过查询而不是使用像Enterprise Manager这样的GUI来实现这一点。有办法做到这一点吗?
当前回答
除了上述问题,如果我们在DB中有像db_name.dbo这样的表。Table_name,我们可以使用以下步骤
连接DB 使用db_name; 使用EXEC sp_help,不要忘记将表名设置为'dbo。表名'如果你有dbo作为schema。 Exec sp_help 'dbo.table_name'
这应该有用!
其他回答
你可以使用sp_columns存储过程:
exec sp_columns MyTable
以防您不想使用stored proc,这里有一个简单的查询版本
select *
from information_schema.columns
where table_name = 'aspnet_Membership'
order by ordinal_position
我喜欢这种格式:
name DataType Collation Constraints PK FK Comment
id int NOT NULL IDENTITY PK Order Line Id
pid int NOT NULL tbl_orders Order Id
itemCode varchar(10) Latin1_General_CI_AS NOT NULL Product Code
所以我用了这个:
DECLARE @tname varchar(100) = 'yourTableName';
SELECT col.name,
CASE typ.name
WHEN 'nvarchar' THEN 'nvarchar('+CAST((col.max_length / 2) as varchar)+')'
WHEN 'varchar' THEN 'varchar('+CAST(col.max_length as varchar)+')'
WHEN 'char' THEN 'char('+CAST(col.max_length as varchar)+')'
WHEN 'nchar' THEN 'nchar('+CAST((col.max_length / 2) as varchar)+')'
WHEN 'binary' THEN 'binary('+CAST(col.max_length as varchar)+')'
WHEN 'varbinary' THEN 'varbinary('+CAST(col.max_length as varchar)+')'
WHEN 'numeric' THEN 'numeric('+CAST(col.precision as varchar)+(CASE WHEN col.scale = 0 THEN '' ELSE ','+CAST(col.scale as varchar) END) +')'
WHEN 'decimal' THEN 'decimal('+CAST(col.precision as varchar)+(CASE WHEN col.scale = 0 THEN '' ELSE ','+CAST(col.scale as varchar) END) +')'
ELSE typ.name
END DataType,
ISNULL(col.collation_name,'') Collation,
CASE WHEN col.is_nullable = 0 THEN 'NOT NULL ' ELSE '' END + CASE WHEN col.is_identity = 1 THEN 'IDENTITY' ELSE '' END Constraints,
ISNULL((SELECT 'PK'
FROM sys.key_constraints kc INNER JOIN
sys.tables tb ON tb.object_id = kc.parent_object_id INNER JOIN
sys.indexes si ON si.name = kc.name INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns sic ON sic.index_id = si.index_id AND sic.object_id = si.object_id
WHERE kc.type = 'PK'
AND tb.name = @tname
AND sic.column_id = col.column_id),'') PK,
ISNULL((SELECT (SELECT name FROM sys.tables st WHERE st.object_id = fkc.referenced_object_id)
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fkc INNER JOIN
sys.columns c ON c.column_id = fkc.parent_column_id AND fkc.parent_object_id = c.object_id INNER JOIN
sys.tables t ON t.object_id = c.object_id
WHERE t.name = tab.name
AND c.name = col.name),'') FK,
ISNULL((SELECT value
FROM sys.extended_properties
WHERE major_id = tab.object_id
AND minor_id = col.column_id),'') Comment
FROM sys.columns col INNER JOIN
sys.tables tab ON tab.object_id = col.object_id INNER JOIN
sys.types typ ON typ.system_type_id = col.system_type_id
WHERE tab.name = @tname
AND typ.name != 'sysname'
ORDER BY col.column_id;
这些答案的问题在于,你忽略了关键信息。 虽然这是有点混乱,这是一个快速的版本,我提出,以确保它包含相同的信息MySQL描述显示。
Select SC.name AS 'Field', ISC.DATA_TYPE AS 'Type', ISC.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS 'Length', SC.IS_NULLABLE AS 'Null', I.is_primary_key AS 'Key', SC.is_identity AS 'Identity'
From sys.columns AS SC
LEFT JOIN sys.index_columns AS IC
ON IC.object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.Expenses') AND
IC.column_id = SC.column_id
LEFT JOIN sys.indexes AS I
ON I.object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.Expenses') AND
IC.index_id = I.index_id
LEFT JOIN information_schema.columns ISC
ON ISC.TABLE_NAME = 'Expenses'
AND ISC.COLUMN_NAME = SC.name
WHERE SC.object_id = OBJECT_ID('dbo.Expenses')
试一试:
EXEC [ServerName].[DatabaseName].dbo.sp_columns 'TableName'
你可以得到一些表结构的信息,比如:
Table_qualifier, table_owner, table_name, column_name, data_type, type_name…
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