An interesting way to see null in java in my opinion is to see it as something that DOES NOT denote an absence of information but simply as a literal value that can be assigned to a reference of any type. If you think about it if it denoted absence of information then for a1==a2 to be true doesn't make sense (in case they were both assigned a value of null) as they could really could be pointing to ANY object (we simply don't know what objects they should be pointing to)... By the way null == null returns true in java. If java e.g. would be like SQL:1999 then null==null would return unknown (a boolean value in SQL:1999 can take three values : true,false and unknown but in practise unknown is implemented as null in real systems)... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL

null关键字是一个表示空引用的文字，它不引用任何对象。Null是引用类型变量的默认值。

也可以看看

null: Java术语

不，它不是任何东西的实例，instanceof总是false。

Null是一个特殊值，它不是任何东西的实例。很明显，它不能是任何东西的实例。

Null不是任何类的实例。

然而，你可以将null赋值给任何类型的变量(对象或数组):

 // this is false   
 boolean nope = (null instanceof String);

 // but you can still use it as a String
 String x = null;
 "abc".startsWith(null);

Java中有两大类类型:基本类型和引用类型。声明为基元类型的变量存储值;声明为引用类型的变量存储引用。

String x = null;

在本例中，初始化语句声明了一个变量“x”。" x "存储字符串引用。这里是空的。首先，null不是一个有效的对象实例，因此没有为它分配内存。它只是一个值，指示对象引用当前没有引用对象。