PHP函数生成v4 UUID

因此，我一直在做一些研究，我一直试图拼凑一个函数，在PHP中生成一个有效的v4 UUID。这是我能做的最接近的事了。我对十六进制、十进制、二进制、PHP的位运算符之类的知识几乎一无所知。这个函数生成一个有效的v4 UUID，直到一个区域。v4 UUID的形式应该是:

xxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xx

y等于8,9,a或b，这就是函数失败的地方，因为它不符合这一点。

我希望在这方面比我更有知识的人能帮我一把，帮我修复这个函数，这样它就遵守了这个规则。

函数如下:

<?php

function gen_uuid() {
 $uuid = array(
  'time_low'  => 0,
  'time_mid'  => 0,
  'time_hi'  => 0,
  'clock_seq_hi' => 0,
  'clock_seq_low' => 0,
  'node'   => array()
 );
 
 $uuid['time_low'] = mt_rand(0, 0xffff) + (mt_rand(0, 0xffff) << 16);
 $uuid['time_mid'] = mt_rand(0, 0xffff);
 $uuid['time_hi'] = (4 << 12) | (mt_rand(0, 0x1000));
 $uuid['clock_seq_hi'] = (1 << 7) | (mt_rand(0, 128));
 $uuid['clock_seq_low'] = mt_rand(0, 255);
 
 for ($i = 0; $i < 6; $i++) {
  $uuid['node'][$i] = mt_rand(0, 255);
 }
 
 $uuid = sprintf('%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x',
  $uuid['time_low'],
  $uuid['time_mid'],
  $uuid['time_hi'],
  $uuid['clock_seq_hi'],
  $uuid['clock_seq_low'],
  $uuid['node'][0],
  $uuid['node'][1],
  $uuid['node'][2],
  $uuid['node'][3],
  $uuid['node'][4],
  $uuid['node'][5]
 );
 
 return $uuid;
}

?>

当前回答

Jack的回答略有变化，以增加对PHP < 7的支持:

// Get an RFC-4122 compliant globaly unique identifier
function get_guid() {
    $data = PHP_MAJOR_VERSION < 7 ? openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16) : random_bytes(16);
    $data[6] = chr(ord($data[6]) & 0x0f | 0x40);    // Set version to 0100
    $data[8] = chr(ord($data[8]) & 0x3f | 0x80);    // Set bits 6-7 to 10
    return vsprintf('%s%s-%s-%s-%s-%s%s%s', str_split(bin2hex($data), 4));
}

2019-03-31 09:48:01

其他回答

为PHP >= 7加密安全UUID v4。

<?php

function uuid4() {
    /* 32 random HEX + space for 4 hyphens */
    $out = bin2hex(random_bytes(18));

    $out[8]  = "-";
    $out[13] = "-";
    $out[18] = "-";
    $out[23] = "-";

    /* UUID v4 */
    $out[14] = "4";
    
    /* variant 1 - 10xx */
    $out[19] = ["8", "9", "a", "b"][random_int(0, 3)];

    return $out;
}

echo uuid4();

输出:c68469d2 - 065 b - 4 - b17 b36f - 5 - c40efb5f6cd

2022-07-12 05:13:55

灵感来自布鲁法的回答。

preg_replace_callback('/[xy]/', function ($matches)
{
  return dechex('x' == $matches[0] ? mt_rand(0, 15) : (mt_rand(0, 15) & 0x3 | 0x8));
}
, 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx');

或者如果无法使用匿名函数。

preg_replace_callback('/[xy]/', create_function(
  '$matches',
  'return dechex("x" == $matches[0] ? mt_rand(0, 15) : (mt_rand(0, 15) & 0x3 | 0x8));'
)
, 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx');

2013-03-22 12:34:52

任何使用编写器依赖项的人，都可以考虑这个库:https://github.com/ramsey/uuid

没有比这更简单的了:

Uuid::uuid4();

2014-07-16 16:23:25

与其将其分解为单个字段，不如生成一个随机数据块并更改单个字节位置。您还应该使用比mt_rand()更好的随机数生成器。

根据RFC 4122 -章节4.4，你需要改变这些字段:

Time_hi_and_version(第7字节的4-7位)， Clock_seq_hi_and_reserved(第9字节的第6位和第7位)

所有其他122位都应该足够随机。

下面的方法使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes()生成128位随机数据，对八字节进行排列，然后使用bin2hex()和vsprintf()进行最终格式化。

function guidv4($data)
{
    assert(strlen($data) == 16);

    $data[6] = chr(ord($data[6]) & 0x0f | 0x40); // set version to 0100
    $data[8] = chr(ord($data[8]) & 0x3f | 0x80); // set bits 6-7 to 10

    return vsprintf('%s%s-%s-%s-%s-%s%s%s', str_split(bin2hex($data), 4));
}

echo guidv4(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16));

在PHP 7中，使用random_bytes()生成随机字节序列更加简单:

function guidv4($data = null)
{
    $data = $data ?? random_bytes(16);
    // ...
}

2013-04-08 09:21:10

我的答案是基于评论uniqid用户评论，但它使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes函数来生成随机字符串，而不是从/dev/urandom读取

function guid()
{
    $randomString = openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16);
    $time_low = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 0, 4));
    $time_mid = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 4, 2));
    $time_hi_and_version = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 6, 2));
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 8, 2));
    $node = bin2hex(substr($randomString, 10, 6));

    /**
     * Set the four most significant bits (bits 12 through 15) of the
     * time_hi_and_version field to the 4-bit version number from
     * Section 4.1.3.
     * @see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122#section-4.1.3
    */
    $time_hi_and_version = hexdec($time_hi_and_version);
    $time_hi_and_version = $time_hi_and_version >> 4;
    $time_hi_and_version = $time_hi_and_version | 0x4000;

    /**
     * Set the two most significant bits (bits 6 and 7) of the
     * clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to zero and one, respectively.
     */
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = hexdec($clock_seq_hi_and_reserved);
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved >> 2;
    $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved | 0x8000;

    return sprintf('%08s-%04s-%04x-%04x-%012s', $time_low, $time_mid, $time_hi_and_version, $clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, $node);
} // guid

2013-04-08 08:27:52

PHP函数生成v4 UUID

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