许多应用程序都有文本,文本中是圆角矩形的web超链接,当我点击它们时,UIWebView就会打开。让我困惑的是,他们经常有自定义链接,例如,如果单词以#开头,它也是可点击的,应用程序通过打开另一个视图来响应。我该怎么做呢?是否可以用UILabel或者我需要UITextView或者其他什么?
当前回答
就像在前面的回答中报告的那样,UITextView能够处理链接上的触摸。这可以通过将文本的其他部分作为链接来轻松扩展。AttributedTextView库是一个UITextView子类,它使得处理这些非常容易。更多信息请参见:https://github.com/evermeer/AttributedTextView
你可以让文本的任何部分像这样交互(其中textView1是一个UITextView IBOutlet):
textView1.attributer =
"1. ".red
.append("This is the first test. ").green
.append("Click on ").black
.append("evict.nl").makeInteract { _ in
UIApplication.shared.open(URL(string: "http://evict.nl")!, options: [:], completionHandler: { completed in })
}.underline
.append(" for testing links. ").black
.append("Next test").underline.makeInteract { _ in
print("NEXT")
}
.all.font(UIFont(name: "SourceSansPro-Regular", size: 16))
.setLinkColor(UIColor.purple)
为了处理标签和提及,你可以使用这样的代码:
textView1.attributer = "@test: What #hashtags do we have in @evermeer #AtributedTextView library"
.matchHashtags.underline
.matchMentions
.makeInteract { link in
UIApplication.shared.open(URL(string: "https://twitter.com\(link.replacingOccurrences(of: "@", with: ""))")!, options: [:], completionHandler: { completed in })
}
其他回答
我正在扩展@NAlexN原始的详细解决方案,与@zekel优秀的UITapGestureRecognizer扩展,并在Swift中提供。
Extending UITapGestureRecognizer
extension UITapGestureRecognizer {
func didTapAttributedTextInLabel(label: UILabel, inRange targetRange: NSRange) -> Bool {
// Create instances of NSLayoutManager, NSTextContainer and NSTextStorage
let layoutManager = NSLayoutManager()
let textContainer = NSTextContainer(size: CGSize.zero)
let textStorage = NSTextStorage(attributedString: label.attributedText!)
// Configure layoutManager and textStorage
layoutManager.addTextContainer(textContainer)
textStorage.addLayoutManager(layoutManager)
// Configure textContainer
textContainer.lineFragmentPadding = 0.0
textContainer.lineBreakMode = label.lineBreakMode
textContainer.maximumNumberOfLines = label.numberOfLines
let labelSize = label.bounds.size
textContainer.size = labelSize
// Find the tapped character location and compare it to the specified range
let locationOfTouchInLabel = self.location(in: label)
let textBoundingBox = layoutManager.usedRect(for: textContainer)
let textContainerOffset = CGPoint(
x: (labelSize.width - textBoundingBox.size.width) * 0.5 - textBoundingBox.origin.x,
y: (labelSize.height - textBoundingBox.size.height) * 0.5 - textBoundingBox.origin.y
)
let locationOfTouchInTextContainer = CGPoint(
x: locationOfTouchInLabel.x - textContainerOffset.x,
y: locationOfTouchInLabel.y - textContainerOffset.y
)
let indexOfCharacter = layoutManager.characterIndex(for: locationOfTouchInTextContainer, in: textContainer, fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)
return NSLocationInRange(indexOfCharacter, targetRange)
}
}
使用
设置UIGestureRecognizer发送动作到tapLabel:,你可以检测目标范围是否在myLabel上被点击。
@IBAction func tapLabel(gesture: UITapGestureRecognizer) {
if gesture.didTapAttributedTextInLabel(myLabel, inRange: targetRange1) {
print("Tapped targetRange1")
} else if gesture.didTapAttributedTextInLabel(myLabel, inRange: targetRange2) {
print("Tapped targetRange2")
} else {
print("Tapped none")
}
}
重要提示:UILabel换行模式必须设置为按word/char换行。以某种方式,只有当换行模式为其他模式时,NSTextContainer才会假定文本为单行。
以下是NAlexN的回答。
class TapabbleLabel: UILabel {
let layoutManager = NSLayoutManager()
let textContainer = NSTextContainer(size: CGSize.zero)
var textStorage = NSTextStorage() {
didSet {
textStorage.addLayoutManager(layoutManager)
}
}
var onCharacterTapped: ((label: UILabel, characterIndex: Int) -> Void)?
let tapGesture = UITapGestureRecognizer()
override var attributedText: NSAttributedString? {
didSet {
if let attributedText = attributedText {
textStorage = NSTextStorage(attributedString: attributedText)
} else {
textStorage = NSTextStorage()
}
}
}
override var lineBreakMode: NSLineBreakMode {
didSet {
textContainer.lineBreakMode = lineBreakMode
}
}
override var numberOfLines: Int {
didSet {
textContainer.maximumNumberOfLines = numberOfLines
}
}
/**
Creates a new view with the passed coder.
:param: aDecoder The a decoder
:returns: the created new view.
*/
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
setUp()
}
/**
Creates a new view with the passed frame.
:param: frame The frame
:returns: the created new view.
*/
override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
setUp()
}
/**
Sets up the view.
*/
func setUp() {
userInteractionEnabled = true
layoutManager.addTextContainer(textContainer)
textContainer.lineFragmentPadding = 0
textContainer.lineBreakMode = lineBreakMode
textContainer.maximumNumberOfLines = numberOfLines
tapGesture.addTarget(self, action: #selector(TapabbleLabel.labelTapped(_:)))
addGestureRecognizer(tapGesture)
}
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
textContainer.size = bounds.size
}
func labelTapped(gesture: UITapGestureRecognizer) {
guard gesture.state == .Ended else {
return
}
let locationOfTouch = gesture.locationInView(gesture.view)
let textBoundingBox = layoutManager.usedRectForTextContainer(textContainer)
let textContainerOffset = CGPoint(x: (bounds.width - textBoundingBox.width) / 2 - textBoundingBox.minX,
y: (bounds.height - textBoundingBox.height) / 2 - textBoundingBox.minY)
let locationOfTouchInTextContainer = CGPoint(x: locationOfTouch.x - textContainerOffset.x,
y: locationOfTouch.y - textContainerOffset.y)
let indexOfCharacter = layoutManager.characterIndexForPoint(locationOfTouchInTextContainer,
inTextContainer: textContainer,
fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)
onCharacterTapped?(label: self, characterIndex: indexOfCharacter)
}
}
然后你可以在你的viewDidLoad方法中创建一个类的实例,就像这样:
let label = TapabbleLabel()
label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
view.addSubview(label)
view.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("V:|-[view]-|",
options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["view" : label]))
view.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraintsWithVisualFormat("H:|-[view]-|",
options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["view" : label]))
let attributedString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "String with a link", attributes: nil)
let linkRange = NSMakeRange(14, 4); // for the word "link" in the string above
let linkAttributes: [String : AnyObject] = [
NSForegroundColorAttributeName : UIColor.blueColor(), NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName : NSUnderlineStyle.StyleSingle.rawValue,
NSLinkAttributeName: "http://www.apple.com"]
attributedString.setAttributes(linkAttributes, range:linkRange)
label.attributedText = attributedString
label.onCharacterTapped = { label, characterIndex in
if let attribute = label.attributedText?.attribute(NSLinkAttributeName, atIndex: characterIndex, effectiveRange: nil) as? String,
let url = NSURL(string: attribute) {
UIApplication.sharedApplication().openURL(url)
}
}
最好有一个自定义属性,以便在点击字符时使用。它是NSLinkAttributeName,但可以是任何东西你可以使用那个值去做其他的事情除了打开一个url,你可以做任何自定义动作。
老问题,但如果任何人都可以使用UITextView而不是UILabel,那就很容易了。标准网址,电话号码等将自动检测(并可点击)。
然而,如果你需要自定义检测,也就是说,如果你想在用户点击一个特定的单词后能够调用任何自定义方法,你需要使用NSAttributedStrings和一个NSLinkAttributeName属性,它将指向一个自定义URL方案(而不是在默认情况下使用http URL方案)。雷·温德里奇在这里报道
引用上述链接中的代码:
NSMutableAttributedString *attributedString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"This is an example by @marcelofabri_"];
[attributedString addAttribute:NSLinkAttributeName
value:@"username://marcelofabri_"
range:[[attributedString string] rangeOfString:@"@marcelofabri_"]];
NSDictionary *linkAttributes = @{NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor greenColor],
NSUnderlineColorAttributeName: [UIColor lightGrayColor],
NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName: @(NSUnderlinePatternSolid)};
// assume that textView is a UITextView previously created (either by code or Interface Builder)
textView.linkTextAttributes = linkAttributes; // customizes the appearance of links
textView.attributedText = attributedString;
textView.delegate = self;
要检测这些链接点击,实现这个:
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldInteractWithURL:(NSURL *)URL inRange:(NSRange)characterRange {
if ([[URL scheme] isEqualToString:@"username"]) {
NSString *username = [URL host];
// do something with this username
// ...
return NO;
}
return YES; // let the system open this URL
}
PS:确保你的UITextView是可选的。
我遵循这个版本,
斯威夫特4:
import Foundation
class AELinkedClickableUILabel: UILabel {
typealias YourCompletion = () -> Void
var linkedRange: NSRange!
var completion: YourCompletion?
@objc func linkClicked(sender: UITapGestureRecognizer){
if let completionBlock = completion {
let textView = UITextView(frame: self.frame)
textView.text = self.text
textView.attributedText = self.attributedText
let index = textView.layoutManager.characterIndex(for: sender.location(in: self),
in: textView.textContainer,
fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)
if linkedRange.lowerBound <= index && linkedRange.upperBound >= index {
completionBlock()
}
}
}
/**
* This method will be used to set an attributed text specifying the linked text with a
* handler when the link is clicked
*/
public func setLinkedTextWithHandler(text:String, link: String, handler: @escaping ()->()) -> Bool {
let attributextText = NSMutableAttributedString(string: text)
let foundRange = attributextText.mutableString.range(of: link)
if foundRange.location != NSNotFound {
self.linkedRange = foundRange
self.completion = handler
attributextText.addAttribute(NSAttributedStringKey.link, value: text, range: foundRange)
self.isUserInteractionEnabled = true
self.addGestureRecognizer(UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(linkClicked(sender:))))
return true
}
return false
}
}
电话的例子:
button.setLinkedTextWithHandler(text: "This website (stackoverflow.com) is awesome", link: "stackoverflow.com")
{
// show popup or open to link
}
我扩展了@samwize的答案来处理多行UILabel,并给出了一个使用UIButton的例子
extension UITapGestureRecognizer {
func didTapAttributedTextInButton(button: UIButton, inRange targetRange: NSRange) -> Bool {
guard let label = button.titleLabel else { return false }
return didTapAttributedTextInLabel(label, inRange: targetRange)
}
func didTapAttributedTextInLabel(label: UILabel, inRange targetRange: NSRange) -> Bool {
// Create instances of NSLayoutManager, NSTextContainer and NSTextStorage
let layoutManager = NSLayoutManager()
let textContainer = NSTextContainer(size: CGSize.zero)
let textStorage = NSTextStorage(attributedString: label.attributedText!)
// Configure layoutManager and textStorage
layoutManager.addTextContainer(textContainer)
textStorage.addLayoutManager(layoutManager)
// Configure textContainer
textContainer.lineFragmentPadding = 0.0
textContainer.lineBreakMode = label.lineBreakMode
textContainer.maximumNumberOfLines = label.numberOfLines
let labelSize = label.bounds.size
textContainer.size = labelSize
// Find the tapped character location and compare it to the specified range
let locationOfTouchInLabel = self.locationInView(label)
let textBoundingBox = layoutManager.usedRectForTextContainer(textContainer)
let textContainerOffset = CGPointMake((labelSize.width - textBoundingBox.size.width) * 0.5 - textBoundingBox.origin.x,
(labelSize.height - textBoundingBox.size.height) * 0.5 - textBoundingBox.origin.y);
let locationOfTouchInTextContainer = CGPointMake((locationOfTouchInLabel.x - textContainerOffset.x),
0 );
// Adjust for multiple lines of text
let lineModifier = Int(ceil(locationOfTouchInLabel.y / label.font.lineHeight)) - 1
let rightMostFirstLinePoint = CGPointMake(labelSize.width, 0)
let charsPerLine = layoutManager.characterIndexForPoint(rightMostFirstLinePoint, inTextContainer: textContainer, fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)
let indexOfCharacter = layoutManager.characterIndexForPoint(locationOfTouchInTextContainer, inTextContainer: textContainer, fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)
let adjustedRange = indexOfCharacter + (lineModifier * charsPerLine)
return NSLocationInRange(adjustedRange, targetRange)
}
}
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