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2024-09-06 07:00:00

如何修复org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException -不能初始化代理-没有会话

我得到以下异常:

Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: could not initialize proxy - no Session
    at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.initialize(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:167)
    at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.getImplementation(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:215)
    at org.hibernate.proxy.pojo.javassist.JavassistLazyInitializer.invoke(JavassistLazyInitializer.java:190)
    at sei.persistence.wf.entities.Element_$$_jvstc68_47.getNote(Element_$$_jvstc68_47.java)
    at JSON_to_XML.createBpmnRepresantation(JSON_to_XML.java:139)
    at JSON_to_XML.main(JSON_to_XML.java:84)

当我试图从主要呼叫以下线路:

Model subProcessModel = getModelByModelGroup(1112);
System.out.println(subProcessModel.getElement().getNote());

我首先实现了getModelByModelGroup(int modelgroupid)方法，如下所示:

public static Model getModelByModelGroup(int modelGroupId, boolean openTransaction) {

    Session session = SessionFactoryHelper.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();     
    Transaction tx = null;

    if (openTransaction) {
        tx = session.getTransaction();
    }

    String responseMessage = "";

    try {
        if (openTransaction) {
            tx.begin();
        }
        Query query = session.createQuery("from Model where modelGroup.id = :modelGroupId");
        query.setParameter("modelGroupId", modelGroupId);

        List<Model> modelList = (List<Model>)query.list(); 
        Model model = null;

        for (Model m : modelList) {
            if (m.getModelType().getId() == 3) {
                model = m;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (model == null) {
            Object[] arrModels = modelList.toArray();
            if (arrModels.length == 0) {
                throw new Exception("Non esiste ");
            }

            model = (Model)arrModels[0];
        }

        if (openTransaction) {
            tx.commit();
        }

        return model;

   } catch(Exception ex) {
       if (openTransaction) {
           tx.rollback();
       }
       ex.printStackTrace();
       if (responseMessage.compareTo("") == 0) {
           responseMessage = "Error" + ex.getMessage();
       }
       return null;
    }
}

得到了异常。然后一个朋友建议我总是测试会话并获取当前会话以避免这种错误。所以我这样做了:

public static Model getModelByModelGroup(int modelGroupId) {
    Session session = null;
    boolean openSession = session == null;
    Transaction tx = null;
    if (openSession) {
        session = SessionFactoryHelper.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession(); 
        tx = session.getTransaction();
    }
    String responseMessage = "";

    try {
        if (openSession) {
            tx.begin();
        }
        Query query = session.createQuery("from Model where modelGroup.id = :modelGroupId");
        query.setParameter("modelGroupId", modelGroupId);

        List<Model> modelList = (List<Model>)query.list(); 
        Model model = null;

        for (Model m : modelList) {
            if (m.getModelType().getId() == 3) {
                model = m;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (model == null) {
            Object[] arrModels = modelList.toArray();
            if (arrModels.length == 0) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Non esiste");
            }

            model = (Model)arrModels[0];

            if (openSession) {
                tx.commit();
            }
            return model;
        } catch(RuntimeException ex) {
            if (openSession) {
                tx.rollback();
            }
            ex.printStackTrace();
            if (responseMessage.compareTo("") == 0) {
                responseMessage = "Error" + ex.getMessage();
            }
            return null;        
        }
    }
}

但还是得到相同的错误。 我已经阅读了很多关于这个错误的文章，并找到了一些可能的解决方案。其中之一是将lazyLoad设置为false，但我不允许这样做，这就是为什么我被建议控制会话

当前回答

当我已经在使用@Transactional(value=…)并且正在使用多个事务管理器时，就发生了这种情况。

我的表单正在发回已经有@JsonIgnore的数据，因此从表单发回的数据是不完整的。

最初我使用了反模式解决方案，但发现它非常慢。我通过将其设置为false禁用了它。

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans=false

修复方法是确保首先从数据库检索任何具有惰性加载数据但未加载的对象。

Optional<Object> objectDBOpt = objectRepository.findById(object.getId());

if (objectDBOpt.isEmpty()) {
    // Throw error
} else {
    Object objectFromDB = objectDBOpt.get();
}

简而言之，如果您已经尝试了所有其他答案，只要确保您先回头检查是否正在从数据库加载所有@JsonIgnore属性，并在数据库查询中使用它们。

2020-11-14 00:37:41

其他回答

在我的例子中，错误的session.clear()导致了这个问题。

2018-10-30 14:04:14

如果您使用spring data jpa, spring boot，您可以在application.properties中添加这一行

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans=true
2018-06-15 21:24:54

使用@NamedEntityGraph。急取会降低性能。详见https://thorben-janssen.com/lazyinitializationexception/。

2021-10-18 05:05:21

处理LazyInitializationException的最好方法是使用JOIN FETCH指令:

Query query = session.createQuery("""
    select m
    from Model m
    join fetch m.modelType
    where modelGroup.id = :modelGroupId
    """
);

无论如何，不要使用以下的反模式，因为一些答案建议:

视图中的开放会话 hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans

有时，DTO投影是比获取实体更好的选择，这样，你就不会得到任何LazyInitializationException。

2016-09-13 08:10:37

在不同的用例中遇到相同的异常。

用例:尝试用DTO投影从DB读取数据。

解决方案:使用get方法代替load方法。

通用操作

public class HibernateTemplate {
public static Object loadObject(Class<?> cls, Serializable s) {
    Object o = null;
    Transaction tx = null;
    try {
        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
        tx = session.beginTransaction();
        o = session.load(cls, s); /*change load to get*/
        tx.commit();
        session.close();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return o;
}

}

持久化类

public class Customer {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "Id")
private int customerId;

@Column(name = "Name")
private String customerName;

@Column(name = "City")
private String city;

//constructors , setters and getters

}

CustomerDAO接口

public interface CustomerDAO 
     {
   public CustomerTO getCustomerById(int cid);
     }

实体传输对象类

public class CustomerTO {

private int customerId;

private String customerName;

private String city;

//constructors , setters and getters

}

工厂类

public class DAOFactory {

static CustomerDAO customerDAO;
static {
    customerDAO = new HibernateCustomerDAO();
}

public static CustomerDAO getCustomerDAO() {
    return customerDAO;
}

}

实体特定的DAO

public class HibernateCustomerDAO implements CustomerDAO {

@Override
public CustomerTO getCustomerById(int cid) {
    Customer cust = (Customer) HibernateTemplate.loadObject(Customer.class, cid);
    CustomerTO cto = new CustomerTO(cust.getCustomerId(), cust.getCustomerName(), cust.getCity());
    return cto;
}

}

检索数据:测试类

CustomerDAO cdao = DAOFactory.getCustomerDAO();
CustomerTO c1 = cdao.getCustomerById(2);
System.out.println("CustomerName -> " + c1.getCustomerName() + " ,CustomerCity -> " + c1.getCity());

显示数据

Hibernate系统生成的查询和输出

Hibernate:选择customer0_。Id为Id1_0_0_， customer0_。City as city2_0_， customer0_。Name为Name3_0_0_ from CustomerLab31 customer0_ where customer0_. id =?

客户名:>科迪，客户名:>洛杉矶

2019-07-14 19:18:36

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