我如何将条目从HTML5 FormData对象转换为JSON?
解决方案不应该使用jQuery。而且,它不应该简单地序列化整个FormData对象,而应该只序列化它的键/值条目。
我如何将条目从HTML5 FormData对象转换为JSON?
解决方案不应该使用jQuery。而且,它不应该简单地序列化整个FormData对象,而应该只序列化它的键/值条目。
当前回答
下面是一个将formData对象转换为json字符串的函数。
适用于多个条目和嵌套数组。 适用于编号和命名的输入名称数组。
例如,你可以有以下表单字段:
<select name="select[]" multiple></select>
<input name="check[a][0][]" type="checkbox" value="test"/>
用法:
let json = form2json(formData);
功能:
function form2json(data) {
let method = function (object,pair) {
let keys = pair[0].replace(/\]/g,'').split('[');
let key = keys[0];
let value = pair[1];
if (keys.length > 1) {
let i,x,segment;
let last = value;
let type = isNaN(keys[1]) ? {} : [];
value = segment = object[key] || type;
for (i = 1; i < keys.length; i++) {
x = keys[i];
if (i == keys.length-1) {
if (Array.isArray(segment)) {
segment.push(last);
} else {
segment[x] = last;
}
} else if (segment[x] == undefined) {
segment[x] = isNaN(keys[i+1]) ? {} : [];
}
segment = segment[x];
}
}
object[key] = value;
return object;
}
let object = Array.from(data).reduce(method,{});
return JSON.stringify(object);
}
其他回答
如果需要支持序列化嵌套字段(类似于PHP处理表单字段的方式),可以使用以下函数
function update(data, keys, value) { if (keys.length === 0) { // Leaf node return value; } let key = keys.shift(); if (!key) { data = data || []; if (Array.isArray(data)) { key = data.length; } } // Try converting key to a numeric value let index = +key; if (!isNaN(index)) { // We have a numeric index, make data a numeric array // This will not work if this is a associative array // with numeric keys data = data || []; key = index; } // If none of the above matched, we have an associative array data = data || {}; let val = update(data[key], keys, value); data[key] = val; return data; } function serializeForm(form) { return Array.from((new FormData(form)).entries()) .reduce((data, [field, value]) => { let [_, prefix, keys] = field.match(/^([^\[]+)((?:\[[^\]]*\])*)/); if (keys) { keys = Array.from(keys.matchAll(/\[([^\]]*)\]/g), m => m[1]); value = update(data[prefix], keys, value); } data[prefix] = value; return data; }, {}); } document.getElementById('output').textContent = JSON.stringify(serializeForm(document.getElementById('form')), null, 2); <form id="form"> <input name="field1" value="Field 1"> <input name="field2[]" value="Field 21"> <input name="field2[]" value="Field 22"> <input name="field3[a]" value="Field 3a"> <input name="field3[b]" value="Field 3b"> <input name="field3[c]" value="Field 3c"> <input name="field4[x][a]" value="Field xa"> <input name="field4[x][b]" value="Field xb"> <input name="field4[x][c]" value="Field xc"> <input name="field4[y][a]" value="Field ya"> <input name="field5[z][0]" value="Field z0"> <input name="field5[z][]" value="Field z1"> <input name="field6.z" value="Field 6Z0"> <input name="field6.z" value="Field 6Z1"> </form> <h2>Output</h2> <pre id="output"> </pre>
这篇文章已经有一年了……但是,我真的非常非常喜欢ES6 @dzuc的答案。然而,它是不完整的,不能够处理多个选择或复选框。已经指出了这一点,并提供了代码解决方案。我发现它们很笨重,而且没有优化。所以我写了两个基于@dzuc的版本来处理这些情况:
对于ASP样式的表单,多个项目名称可以简单重复。
let r=Array.from(fd).reduce(
(o , [k,v]) => (
(!o[k])
? {...o , [k] : v}
: {...o , [k] : [...o[k] , v]}
)
,{}
);
let obj=JSON.stringify(r);
一行高手版:
Array.from(fd).reduce((o,[k,v])=>((!o[k])?{...o,[k]:v}:{...o,[k]:[...o[k],v]}),{});
对于PHP样式表单,其中多个项目名称必须有一个[]后缀。
let r=Array.from(fd).reduce(
(o , [k,v]) => (
(k.split('[').length>1)
? (k=k.split('[')[0]
, (!o[k])
? {...o , [k] : [v]}
: {...o , [k] : [...o[k] , v ]}
)
: {...o , [k] : v}
)
,{}
);
let obj=JSON.stringify(r);
一行高手版:
Array.from(fd).reduce((o,[k,v])=>((k.split('[').length>1)?(k=k.split('[')[0],(!o[k])?{...o,[k]:[v]}:{...o,[k]:[...o[k],v]}):{...o,[k]:v}),{});
支持多级数组的PHP表单扩展。
Since last time I wrote the previous second case, at work it came a case that the PHP form has checkboxes on multi-levels. I wrote a new case to support previous case and this one. I created a snippet to better showcase this case, the result show on the console for this demo, modify this to your need. Tried to optimize it the best I could without compromising performance, however, it compromise some human readability. It takes advantage that arrays are objects and variables pointing to arrays are kept as reference. No hotshot for this one, be my guest.
let nosubmit = (e) => { e.preventDefault(); const f = Array.from(new FormData(e.target)); const obj = f.reduce((o, [k, v]) => { let a = v, b, i, m = k.split('['), n = m[0], l = m.length; if (l > 1) { a = b = o[n] || []; for (i = 1; i < l; i++) { m[i] = (m[i].split(']')[0] || b.length) * 1; b = b[m[i]] = ((i + 1) == l) ? v : b[m[i]] || []; } } return { ...o, [n]: a }; }, {}); console.log(obj); } document.querySelector('#theform').addEventListener('submit', nosubmit, {capture: true}); <h1>Multilevel Form</h1> <form action="#" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" id="theform"> <input type="hidden" name="_id" value="93242" /> <input type="hidden" name="_fid" value="45c0ec96929bc0d39a904ab5c7af70ef" /> <label>Select: <select name="uselect"> <option value="A">A</option> <option value="B">B</option> <option value="C">C</option> </select> </label> <br /><br /> <label>Checkboxes one level:<br/> <input name="c1[]" type="checkbox" checked value="1"/>v1 <input name="c1[]" type="checkbox" checked value="2"/>v2 <input name="c1[]" type="checkbox" checked value="3"/>v3 </label> <br /><br /> <label>Checkboxes two levels:<br/> <input name="c2[0][]" type="checkbox" checked value="4"/>0 v4 <input name="c2[0][]" type="checkbox" checked value="5"/>0 v5 <input name="c2[0][]" type="checkbox" checked value="6"/>0 v6 <br/> <input name="c2[1][]" type="checkbox" checked value="7"/>1 v7 <input name="c2[1][]" type="checkbox" checked value="8"/>1 v8 <input name="c2[1][]" type="checkbox" checked value="9"/>1 v9 </label> <br /><br /> <label>Radios: <input type="radio" name="uradio" value="yes">YES <input type="radio" name="uradio" checked value="no">NO </label> <br /><br /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form>
这解决了我的问题,这是一个对象
const formDataObject = (formData) => {
for (const key in formData) {
if (formData[key].startsWith('{') || formData[key].startsWith('[')) {
try {
formData[key] = JSON.parse(formData[key]);
console.log("key is :", key, "form data is :", formData[key]);
} catch (error) {
console.log("error :", key);
}
}
}
console.log("object", formData)
}
可以通过使用FormData()对象来实现这一点。这个FormData对象将使用表单的当前键/值填充表单,使用每个元素的name属性填充键,使用它们提交的值填充值。它还将对文件输入内容进行编码。
例子:
var myForm = document.getElementById('myForm');
myForm.addEventListener('submit', function(event)
{
event.preventDefault();
var formData = new FormData(myForm),
result = {};
for (var entry of formData.entries())
{
result[entry[0]] = entry[1];
}
result = JSON.stringify(result)
console.log(result);
});
尽管来自@dzuc的答案已经很好了,你可以使用数组解构(在现代浏览器或Babel中可用)使它更优雅:
// original version from @dzuc
const data = Array.from(formData.entries())
.reduce((memo, pair) => ({
...memo,
[pair[0]: pair[1],
}), {})
// with array destructuring
const data = Array.from(formData.entries())
.reduce((memo,[key, value]) => ({
...memo,
[key]: value,
}), {})