我处理它首先使所有片段的列表(list <Fragment> fragments;)，我将使用，然后将它们添加到分页器，使其更容易处理当前查看的片段。

So:

@Override
onCreate(){
    //initialise the list of fragments
    fragments = new Vector<Fragment>();

    //fill up the list with out fragments
    fragments.add(Fragment.instantiate(this, MainFragment.class.getName()));
    fragments.add(Fragment.instantiate(this, MenuFragment.class.getName()));
    fragments.add(Fragment.instantiate(this, StoresFragment.class.getName()));
    fragments.add(Fragment.instantiate(this, AboutFragment.class.getName()));
    fragments.add(Fragment.instantiate(this, ContactFragment.class.getName()));


    //Set up the pager
    pager = (ViewPager)findViewById(R.id.pager);
    pager.setAdapter(new MyFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(), fragments));
    pager.setOffscreenPageLimit(4);
}

那么这个就可以叫做

public Fragment getFragment(ViewPager pager){   
    Fragment theFragment = fragments.get(pager.getCurrentItem());
    return theFragment;
}

然后我可以把它扔进if语句中只有在正确的片段上才会运行

Fragment tempFragment = getFragment();
if(tempFragment == MyFragmentNo2.class){
    MyFragmentNo2 theFrag = (MyFragmentNo2) tempFragment;
    //then you can do whatever with the fragment
    theFrag.costomFunction();
}

但这只是我的hack和slash方法，但它为我工作，我用它做相关的改变，我目前显示的片段，当后退按钮被按下。

Must将FragmentPagerAdapter扩展到你的ViewPager适配器类。 如果你使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter，那么你将无法通过它的ID找到你的Fragment

public static String makeFragmentName(int viewPagerId, int index) {
  return "android:switcher:" + viewPagerId + ":" + index;
}

如何使用这种方法:-

Fragment mFragment = ((FragmentActivity) getContext()).getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(
       AppMethodUtils.makeFragmentName(mViewPager.getId(), i)
);
InterestViewFragment newFragment = (InterestViewFragment) mFragment;

在片段管理器中迭代片段的简单方法。找到viewpager，它有section position参数，放置在公共静态PlaceholderFragment newInstance(int sectionNumber)。

public PlaceholderFragment getFragmentByPosition(Integer pos){
    for(Fragment f:getChildFragmentManager().getFragments()){
        if(f.getId()==R.id.viewpager && f.getArguments().getInt("SECTNUM") - 1 == pos) {
            return (PlaceholderFragment) f;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

我知道这有几个答案，但也许这能帮助到一些人。当我需要从ViewPager中获取片段时，我使用了一个相对简单的解决方案。在持有ViewPager的Activity或Fragment中，你可以使用这段代码循环遍历它持有的每个Fragment。

FragmentPagerAdapter fragmentPagerAdapter = (FragmentPagerAdapter) mViewPager.getAdapter();
for(int i = 0; i < fragmentPagerAdapter.getCount(); i++) {
    Fragment viewPagerFragment = fragmentPagerAdapter.getItem(i);
    if(viewPagerFragment != null) {
        // Do something with your Fragment
        // Check viewPagerFragment.isResumed() if you intend on interacting with any views.
    }
}

如果你知道片段在ViewPager中的位置，你可以调用getItem(knownPosition)。 如果你不知道Fragment在ViewPager中的位置，你可以用getUniqueId()这样的方法让你的子Fragment实现一个接口，并使用它来区分它们。或者你可以循环遍历所有片段并检查类类型，例如if(viewPagerFragment instanceof FragmentClassYouWant)

! !编辑! !

I have discovered that getItem only gets called by a FragmentPagerAdapter when each Fragment needs to be created the first time, after that, it appears the the Fragments are recycled using the FragmentManager. This way, many implementations of FragmentPagerAdapter create new Fragments in getItem. Using my above method, this means we will create new Fragments each time getItem is called as we go through all the items in the FragmentPagerAdapter. Due to this, I have found a better approach, using the FragmentManager to get each Fragment instead (using the accepted answer). This is a more complete solution, and has been working well for me.

FragmentPagerAdapter fragmentPagerAdapter = (FragmentPagerAdapter) mViewPager.getAdapter();
for(int i = 0; i < fragmentPagerAdapter.getCount(); i++) {
    String name = makeFragmentName(mViewPager.getId(), i);
    Fragment viewPagerFragment = getChildFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(name);
    // OR Fragment viewPagerFragment = getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(name);
    if(viewPagerFragment != null) {

        // Do something with your Fragment
        if (viewPagerFragment.isResumed()) {
            // Interact with any views/data that must be alive
        }
        else {
            // Flag something for update later, when this viewPagerFragment
            // returns to onResume
        }
    }
}

你需要这个方法。

private static String makeFragmentName(int viewId, int position) {
    return "android:switcher:" + viewId + ":" + position;
}

为FragmentPagerAdapter添加下一个方法:

public Fragment getActiveFragment(ViewPager container, int position) {
String name = makeFragmentName(container.getId(), position);
return  mFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(name);
}

private static String makeFragmentName(int viewId, int index) {
    return "android:switcher:" + viewId + ":" + index;
}

getActiveFragment(0)必须工作。

下面是在ViewPager https://gist.github.com/jacek-marchwicki/d6320ba9a910c514424d中实现的解决方案。如果出现故障，你会看到良好的崩溃日志。

最简单、最简洁的方法。如果你在ViewPager中所有的片段都属于不同的类，你可以像下面这样检索并区分它们:

public class MyActivity extends Activity
{

    @Override
    public void onAttachFragment(Fragment fragment) {
        super.onAttachFragment(fragment);
        if (fragment.getClass() == MyFragment.class) {
            mMyFragment = (MyFragment) fragment;
        }
    }

}