我无法让SSIS导入/导出工作，因为我得到了错误“插入只读列“id”失败”。我也不能让http://sqlazuremw.codeplex.com/工作，上面的链接到SQL Azure数据同步不适合我。

但我发现了一篇关于BACPAC文件的优秀博客文章:http://dacguy.wordpress.com/2012/01/24/sql-azure-importexport-service-has-hit-production/

在这篇博文的视频中，作者介绍了六个步骤:

Make or go to a storage account in the Azure Management Portal. You'll need the Blob URL and the Primary access key of the storage account. The blog post advises making a new container for the bacpac file and suggests using the Azure Storage Explorer for that. (N.B. you'll need the Blob URL and the Primary access key of the storage account to add it to the Azure Storage Explorer.) In the Azure Management Portal select the database you want to export and click 'Export' in the Import and Export section of the ribbon. The resulting dialogue requires your username and password for the database, the blob URL, and the access key. Don't forget to include the container in the blob URL and to include a filename (e.g. https://testazurestorage.blob.core.windows.net/dbbackups/mytable.bacpac). After you click Finish the database will be exported to the BACPAC file. This can take a while. You may see a zero byte file show up immediately if you check in the Azure Storage Explorer. This is the Import / Export Service checking that it has write access to the blob-store. Once that is done you can use the Azure Storage Explorer to download the BACPAC file and then in the SQL Server Management Studio right-click your local server's database folder and choose Import Data Tier Application that will start the wizard which reads in the BACPAC file to produce the copy of your Azure database. The wizard can also connect directly to the blob-store to obtain the BACPAC file if you would rather not copy it locally first.

最后一步可能只能在SQL Server Management Studio的SQL Server 2012版(我正在运行的版本)中使用。这台机器上没有更早的。在博客文章中，作者使用命令行工具DacImportExportCli.exe进行导入，我相信可以在http://sqldacexamples.codeplex.com/releases上找到

您可以尝试使用“SQL数据库迁移向导”工具。 这个工具提供了从azure sql导入和导出数据的选项。

详情请点击这里。

https://sqlazuremw.codeplex.com/

有多种方法可以做到这一点:

Using SSIS (SQL Server Integration Services). It only imports data in your table. Column properties, constraints, keys, indices, stored procedures, triggers, security settings, users, logons, etc. are not transferred. However it is very simple process and can be done simply by going through wizard in SQL Server Management Studio. Using combination of SSIS and DB creation scripts. This will get you data and all missing metadata that is not transferred by SSIS. This is also very simple. First transfer data using SSIS (see instructions below), then create DB Create script from SQL Azure database, and re-play it on your local database. Finally, you can use Import/Export service in SQL Azure. This transfers data (with a schema objects) to Azure Blob Storage as a BACPAC. You will need an Azure Storage account and do this in Azure web portal. It is as simple as pressing an "Export" button in the Azure web portal when you select the database you want to export. The downside is that it is only manual procedure, I don't know a way to automate this through tools or scripts -- at least the first part that requires a click on the web page.

方法1(使用SSIS)的手动步骤如下:

In Sql Server Management Studio (SSMS) create new empty database on your local SQL instance. Choose Import Data from context menu (right click the database -> Tasks -> Import data...) Type in connection parameters for the source (SQL Azure). Select ".Net Framework Data Provider for SqlServer" as a provider. Choose existing empty local database as destination. Follow the wizard -- you will be able to select tables data you want to copy. You can choose to skip any of the tables you don't need. E.g. if you keep application logs in database, you probably don't need it in your backup.

您可以通过创建SSIS包并在任何您想重新导入数据的时候重新执行它来实现自动化。请注意，您只能使用SSIS导入到一个干净的DB中，如果您已经对本地数据库进行了一次增量更新，则不能再对其进行增量更新。

方法#2 (SSID数据加上模式对象)非常简单。首先执行上述步骤，然后创建数据库创建脚本(右键单击SSMS中的数据库，选择生成脚本->数据库创建)。然后在本地数据库上重新播放此脚本。

方法3在这里的博客中描述:http://dacguy.wordpress.com/2012/01/24/sql-azure-importexport-service-has-hit-production/。有一个视频剪辑，讲述了将DB内容作为BACPAC传输到Azure Blob存储的过程。之后，您可以在本地复制该文件并将其导入SQL实例。将BACPAC导入到Data-Tier应用程序的流程介绍如下:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh710052.aspx。

您可以使用新的Azure移动服务执行夜间备份导出，从SQL Azure导出到Azure存储托管的.bacpac文件。这个解决方案是100%的云计算，不需要第三方工具，也不需要本地托管的SQL Server实例来下载/复制/备份任何东西。

大约有8个不同的步骤，但都很简单: http://geekswithblogs.net/BenBarreth/archive/2013/04/15/how-to-create-a-nightly-backup-of-your-sql-azure.aspx

看来2022年的Management Studio缺少功能了。下面是我如何使用Azure Data Studio:

安装Azure Data Studio Open Azure Data Studio 安装名为Admin Pack for SQL Server的扩展 重启Azure Data Studio 为源数据库(Azure)和目标数据库(本地机器)设置连接 在主数据库的本地DB引擎中执行语句:

sp_configure 'contained database authentication', 1; 
GO  
RECONFIGURE;
GO

右键单击源数据库并选择数据层应用程序向导 选择导出到。bacpac文件[导出bacpac](第四，在我的当前版本的最后一个选项) 完成向导 右键单击目标数据库并选择数据层应用程序 Wizzard 选择Import from .bacpac [Import bacpac](我的版本中的第三个选项) 选择先前创建的.bacpac文件并完成向导

在导入登录名和用户之后，创建了登录名和用户，但是没有设置它们的默认模式。如果需要默认的shcema，则需要手动处理。在这种情况下: 打开到本地副本的管理连接并运行: 使用[imported-db];ALTER USER - import - USER WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA

使用msdeploy.exe

注意:msdeploy.exe不能自己创建目标数据库，因此需要先手动创建它。

复制数据库属性页上的连接字符串。调整它，使其包含正确的密码。 获取目标DB的连接字符串。 像这样运行msdeploy.exe: "c:\Program Files\IIS\Microsoft Web Deploy V3\msdeploy.exe" -verb:sync -dest:dbDacFx="destination_DB_connection_string"，dropDestinationDatabase=true -source:dbDacFx="azure_DB_connection_string"，includeData=true -verbose

使用SqlPackage.exe

导出azure DB到一个bacpac包。 "c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DAC\bin\SqlPackage.exe" /a:Export /ssn:"azure_db_server" /sdn:"azure_db_name" /su:"user_name" /sp:"password" /tf:"file.bacpac" 导入包到本地DB。 “c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DAC\bin\SqlPackage.exe”/a:Import /SourceFile:"bacpac“/ TargetServerName:”。/ TargetDatabaseName: CopyOfAzureDb \ SQLEXPRESS”