如果您所需要的只是输出将在控制台上可见，对我来说最简单的解决方案是将以下参数传递给Popen

with Popen(cmd, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr) as proc:

哪个将使用您的python脚本stdio文件句柄

类似于前面的答案，但下面的解决方案适用于我在windows上使用Python3提供一个通用的方法来实时打印和登录(来源)

def print_and_log(command, logFile):
    with open(logFile, 'wb') as f:
        command = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)

        while True:
            output = command.stdout.readline()
            if not output and command.poll() is not None:
                f.close()
                break
            if output:
                f.write(output)
                print(str(output.strip(), 'utf-8'), flush=True)
        return command.poll()

解决方案1:实时并发记录stdout和stderr

一种简单的解决方案，可以将stdout和stderr同时记录，逐行实时地记录到日志文件中。

import subprocess as sp
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor


def log_popen_pipe(p, stdfile):

    with open("mylog.txt", "w") as f:

        while p.poll() is None:
            f.write(stdfile.readline())
            f.flush()

        # Write the rest from the buffer
        f.write(stdfile.read())


with sp.Popen(["ls"], stdout=sp.PIPE, stderr=sp.PIPE, text=True) as p:

    with ThreadPoolExecutor(2) as pool:
        r1 = pool.submit(log_popen_pipe, p, p.stdout)
        r2 = pool.submit(log_popen_pipe, p, p.stderr)
        r1.result()
        r2.result()

解决方案2:函数read_popen_pipes()，它允许同时实时遍历两个管道(stdout/stderr)

import subprocess as sp
from queue import Queue, Empty
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor


def enqueue_output(file, queue):
    for line in iter(file.readline, ''):
        queue.put(line)
    file.close()


def read_popen_pipes(p):

    with ThreadPoolExecutor(2) as pool:
        q_stdout, q_stderr = Queue(), Queue()

        pool.submit(enqueue_output, p.stdout, q_stdout)
        pool.submit(enqueue_output, p.stderr, q_stderr)

        while True:

            if p.poll() is not None and q_stdout.empty() and q_stderr.empty():
                break

            out_line = err_line = ''

            try:
                out_line = q_stdout.get_nowait()
                err_line = q_stderr.get_nowait()
            except Empty:
                pass

            yield (out_line, err_line)

# The function in use:

with sp.Popen(["ls"], stdout=sp.PIPE, stderr=sp.PIPE, text=True) as p:

    for out_line, err_line in read_popen_pipes(p):
        print(out_line, end='')
        print(err_line, end='')

    p.poll()

我发现如何以流的方式读取子进程的输出(同时也在一个变量中捕获它)在Python中(对于多个输出流，即stdout和stderr)是通过传递子进程一个命名的临时文件来写入，然后在单独的读取句柄中打开相同的临时文件。

注意:这是针对Python 3的

    stdout_write = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
    stdout_read = io.open(stdout_write.name, "r")
    stderr_write = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
    stderr_read = io.open(stderr_write.name, "r")

    stdout_captured = ""
    stderr_captured = ""

    proc = subprocess.Popen(["command"], stdout=stdout_write, stderr=stderr_write)
    while True:
        proc_done: bool = cli_process.poll() is not None

        while True:
            content = stdout_read.read(1024)
            sys.stdout.write(content)
            stdout_captured += content
            if len(content) < 1024:
                break

        while True:
            content = stderr_read.read(1024)
            sys.stderr.write(content)
            stdout_captured += content
            if len(content) < 1024:
                break

        if proc_done:
            break

        time.sleep(0.1)

    stdout_write.close()
    stdout_read.close()
    stderr_write.close()
    stderr_read.close()

但是，如果您不需要捕获输出，那么您可以简单地传递sys。Stdout和sys。stderr流从你的Python脚本到被调用的子进程，正如xaav在他的回答中建议的那样:

subprocess.Popen(["command"], stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr)

遇到了同样的问题，并使用process.sdtout.read1()得出了一个简单而干净的解决方案，它完全满足了我在python3中的需求。

下面是一个使用ping命令的演示(需要网络连接):

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

cmd = "ping 8.8.8.8"
proc = Popen([cmd], shell=True, stdout=PIPE)
while True:
    print(proc.stdout.read1())

当ping命令实时报告其数据时，大约每秒钟就会在python控制台中打印一行新行。

如果您所需要的只是输出将在控制台上可见，对我来说最简单的解决方案是将以下参数传递给Popen

with Popen(cmd, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr) as proc:

哪个将使用您的python脚本stdio文件句柄